AAFP Family Med Shelf Review| 403 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

AAFP Family Med Shelf Review| 403 QUESTIONS| WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS ______ is a metabolite of codeine that can be found in urine of someone taking a codeine-containing medication Correct Answer: morphine Initial management of hypercalcemia of malignancy Correct Answer: fluid replacement with NS Symptomatic uterine fibroid treatment for woman who wants to get pregnant Correct Answer: myomectomy Benign condition resulting from abuse of anthraquinone laxatives (cascara, senna, or aloe) --> leopard spotting of colonic mucosa Correct Answer: melanosis coli HCM becomes louder during this maneuver, due to decreased venous return to heart --> decreasing cardiac output Correct Answer: Valvalsa Limping and pain w/ limited rotation in overweight boys Correct Answer: slipped capital femoral epiphysis Percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy (PEG) tubes associated w/ Correct Answer: increased use of restraints Best for diagnosis of COPD Correct Answer: spirometry Pain with eye movement Correct Answer: orbital condition Drugs causing drug-induced lupus pleuritis Correct Answer: -Hydralazine -Procainamide -Quinidine Treatment of choice for Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome Correct Answer: Procainamide Why Metformin should be stopped temporarily before CT angiograms Correct Answer: temporary reduction in renal function (like during pyelography or angiography) can cause lactic acidosis in pts on metformin ______ except for Paroxetine are most safe during pregnancy, compared to other psychiatric medications Correct Answer: SSRIs (like Fluoxetine) Children under age of 2 with paroxysms of colicky abdominal pain, with a palpable mass in 2/3s of patients Correct Answer: Intussusception Indicated for tx of severe osteoporosis, for pts w/ multiple osteoporosis risk factors, or with failure of bisphosphonate therapy Correct Answer: teriparatide ASA rec guidelines Correct Answer: men 45-79 w/ risk reduction women 55-79 w/ risk reduction insufficient evidence beyond 80+ Medication that should never be used as monotherapy in asthma Correct Answer: long-acting B2 agonists Preliminary testing for IBD Correct Answer: -CBC -Chem panel -ESR Primary treatment for symptomatic mitral valve prolapse Correct Answer: beta blockers Prophylactic tx for altitude sickness with no contra-indication for those w/ sulfa allergy Correct Answer: dexamethasone Most common drug-related cause of interstitial nephritis Correct Answer: antibiotics Describe scromboid poisoning Correct Answer: Rxn from improperly stored fish (tuna, mackerel, wahoo, and bonito) Next step in management for woman > 35 yo with abnormal vaginal bleeding Correct Answer: endometrial assessment to exclude endometrial hyperplasia or cancer Adding what to SSRI for tx resistant depression Correct Answer: lithium of low dose T3 Test for proteinuria on dipstick w/ no obvious underlying problem Correct Answer: urine protein/creatinine ratio Initial treatment of choice for cervical radiculopathy Correct Answer: NSAIDs Travel hx, prodrome of delirium/erratic behavior, unarousable coma, generalized convulsion, fever, lack of focal neurologic signs, symmetric encephalopathy Correct Answer: malaria Interference with skilled movements, usually from stroke Correct Answer: apraxia Tx for cutaneous erythrasma Correct Answer: erythromycin Tx for chronic paronychia Correct Answer: topical corticosteroid and avoidance of contact irritants/hands in water Inadequate hip abductor and core strength in adolescent females Correct Answer: patellofemoral pain Associated with vacuum-assisted delivery Correct Answer: higher rates of neonatal cephalhematoma and retinal hemorrhage compared to forceps; increased incidence of shoulder dystocia Best initial imaging study for acute pelvic pain in women Correct Answer: transvaginal ultrasound Supplement to take orally when hx of calcium oxalate stones Correct Answer: potassium citrate (increases urinary pH and urinary citrate) Standard 1st line imaging for stress fractures Correct Answer: plain radiograph Ethylene glycol poisoning antidote Correct Answer: Fomepizole (Antizol) Tx for preventing stent thrombosis Correct Answer: ASA 162-365 mg/day, plus clopidogrel, 12mo First line tx for urge urinary incontinence Correct Answer: behavioral therapy and anticholinergics Daily recommended intake of Vitamin D for infants, children & adolescents Correct Answer: 400 IU/day Broadest range of efficacy for PTSD Correct Answer: SSRIs Increases success of voiding trial at time of insertion of urethral catheter Correct Answer: alpha blocker (tamsulosin) Comatose, decreased breathing, slow pulse, miotic pupils Correct Answer: narcotic overdose Beefy red rash on child perineum Correct Answer: Group A Strep Tx for <15% pneumothorax Correct Answer: Observation, f/u radiograph in 24-48 hours Foods with cross-reactivity with latex allergy Correct Answer: avocados, bananas, chestnuts, kiwi Cardiac arrhythmia associated w/ high-dose methadone Correct Answer: torsades de pointes Best choice for initial tx of RA Correct Answer: MTX Tx adjunct with TMP-SMX for Pneumocystis pnuemonia Correct Answer: corticosteroids TDZs (pioglitazone) contraindicated in this population Correct Answer: heart failure patients Bilateral nipple pain and soreness between feedings Correct Answer: Candida infxn Antibx for Bartonella henselae infection Correct Answer: macrolides Main tx for mild to moderate cases of allergic rhinits Correct Answer: intranasal corticosteroids Bronchilitis tx Correct Answer: bronchodilator may be tried once and discontinued if no improvement Mirena contra-indications Correct Answer: -uterine anomalies -postpartum endometritis -untreated cervicitis -current PID Diagnostic imaging for cardiac embolization to abdomen Correct Answer: celiac and mesenteric arteriography Threshold for prophylactic platelet transfusion Correct Answer: 10,000/microL