NR 509 EXAM QUESTION BANK ( Q & AWITH COMPREHENSIVE EXPLANATIONS

A transient ischemic attack is: a) a transient episode of neurologic dysfunction by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction. Correct b) an infarction of the central nervous system tissue that may be silent or symptomatic. c) the abrupt onset of motor or sensory deficits. Incorrect d) focal or asymmetric weaknesses caused by central and peripheral nerve damage. Explanation: TIA is now defined as “a transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by focal brain, spinal cord, or retinal ischemia, without acute infarction.” Ischemic stroke is “an infarction of central nervous system tissue” that may be symptomatic or silent. The other terms are not related to the new definitions. Question: 2 A patient is asked to visually follow a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze. Which cranial nerves are being assessed? a) III, IV b) III, IV, VI Correct c) V, d) VI, VII Explanation: Visually following a finger through the cardinal fields of gaze is one way to assess the oculomotor (CN III), trochlear (CN IV) and abducens (CN VI) nerves. CN I is the olfactory nerve and assesses smell. CN II is the optic nerve and assesses visual acuity. CN V is the trigeminal nerve and assesses both sensory and motor functions. Question: 3 Uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain, which may produce minor physical signs, thought disturbances, or disturbed motor activity is: a) dystonia. b) bradykinesia. c) tremor. d) seizure. Correct Explanation: A seizure is an uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain which may produce minor physical signs, thought disturbances, or disturbed motor activity, or a combination of symptoms. Dystonia is a neurological disorder that causes involuntary muscle spasms and twisting of the limbs. Bradykinesia is the term used to describe the impaired ability to adjust to one's body position. This symptom is noted in patients who have Parkinson's disease. A rhythmic oscillatory movement of a body part resulting from the contraction of opposing muscle groups is a tremor.