WGU C211 Study Guide Questions with correct answers 2022

WGU C211 Study Guide Questions with correct answers 2022Views of globalization (Chp 1.4) 1. It's a new phenomenom, starting in the late 20th century. 2. It's a long term part of human history. 3. Neither recent nor one directional, it's a pendulum that swings back and forth. Strategic goal = Natural resource—seeking Location specific advantage = Possession of natural resources and related transport and communication infrastructure Strategic goal = Market-seeking Location specific advantage = Abundance of strong market demand and customers willing to pay Strategic goal = Efficiency-seeking Location specific advantage = Economies of scale and abundance of low-cost factors Strategic goal = Innovation-seeking Location specific advantage = Abundance of innovative individuals, firms, and universities Name first mover advantages: (Chp 10.3) 1. Proprietary, technological leadership 2. Pre-emption of scarce resources 3. Establishment of entry barriers for late entrants 4. Avoidance of clash with dominant firms at home 5. Relationships with key stakeholders such as governments Name late mover advantages: (Chp 10.3) 1. Opportunity to free ride on first-mover investments 2. Resolution of technological and market uncertainty 3. First mover's difficulty to adapt to market changes Name strategic goals supported by location specific advantages (Chp 10.2) 1. Natural resources 2. Market 3. Efficiency 4. Innovation Proposition (1) underpinning an institution based view of global business. Managers and firms rationally pursue their interests and make choices within the formal and informal constraints in a given institutional framework Proposition (2) underpinning an institution based view of global business. While formal and informal institutions combine to govern firm behavior, in situations where formal constraints are unclear or fail, informal constraints will play a larger role in reducing uncertainty and providing constancy to managers and firms Market economy An economy that is characterized by the "invisible hand" of market forces. Command economy An economy that is characterized by government ownership and control of factors of production. Mixed economy An economy that has elements of both a market economy and a command economy. Property rights The legal rights to use an economic property (resource) and to derive income and benefits from it. Purpose of property rights The formal protection of property rights helps to facilitate economic growth. Civil Law A legal tradition that uses comprehensive statutes and codes as a primary means to form legal judgments. Common Law A legal tradition that is shaped by precedents and traditions from previous judicial decisions. Theocratic Law A legal system based on religious teachings. Democracy Right to freedom of expression and organization. Totalitarianism One person or party exercises absolute control. How do institutions reduce uncertainty? (Chp 2-2) By signaling which conduct is legitimate and which is not they constrain the range of acceptable actions. Comprehensive model of foreign market entries 1. How to enter depends on the scale of entry: large-scale versus small-scale entries. 2. First focuses on the equity (ownership) issue. 3. Second step focuses on making the actual selection, such as exports, contractual agreements, joint ventures and wholly owned subsidiaries. Political realities governing international trade. The net impact of various tariffs and nontariff barriers is that the whole nation is worse off while certain special interest groups (such as certain industries, firms, and regions) benefit. Economic arguments against free trade: 1. protectionism 2. infant industries Political arguments against free trade: 1. national security 2. consumer protection 3. foreign policy 4. environmental and social responsibility