ATLS study cards With Complete Solution

ATLS study cards With Complete Solution Glasgow Coma Scale Correct AnswerChance fracture Correct Answer- Transverse fracture through vertebra. In children usually associated with enterc disruption. Seen in motor vehicle accidents involving only lap belt. May be associated with retroperitoneal and Abdominal visceral injuries. Anterior hip dislocation Correct Answer- Flexed, abducted, externally rotated. Burst fracture Correct Answer- Associated with vertebral-axial compression injuries Posterior hip dislocation Correct Answer- Flexed, aDDucted, internally rotated Anterior shoulder dislocation Correct Answer- Squared off appearance Posterior shoulder dislocation Correct Answer- Lock in internal rotation. Ankle dislocation Correct Answer- Most are Externally rotated, with a prominent medial malleolus. FULL thickness (3rd degree) burn Correct Answer- Dark or white and leathery. Translucent white as well. Painless and generally "dry" Does not blanch with pressure. Very little swelling of burned tissue. Principle Life saving measures for patients with burn injuries include Correct Answer- -Establishing airway control -Stopping the burning. process -Intravenous accessFactors that increase the risk for upper AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION in burns include: Correct Answer- -Burns to the head and face -Burn size and depth -Burns inside the mouth Partial thickness burn Correct Answer- Red remodeled appearance with associated swelling and blister formation. May have weeping or wet appearance and is painfully hypersensitive even to air current. Signs and symptoms and history that suggest INHALATION INJURY include: Correct Answer- These patients should be intubated. Inhalation injury is an indication for transfer to a burn center. Rule of nines - adult Correct Answer- The palm represents 1% of the body total surface area. Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning and respective levels Correct Answer- PaO2 does not reliably predict carbon monoxide poisoning because a CO partial pressure of only 1 mmm Hg results in a hemoglobin CO level of 40% or greater. Carbon monoxide has how many times greater affinity for hemoglobin than oxygen Correct Answer- 240 times. It displaces the oxyhemoglobin desaturated curve to the LEFT. Two criteria required for the diagnosis of smoke inhalation injury Correct Answer- -Exposure to a combustible agent -Signs of exposure to smoke in the lower airway, below the vocal cords, by bronchoscopy. Performing this action will help reduce neck and chest wall edema in patients with burn and inhalation injury. Correct Answer- Elevation of the head and chest by 30 degrees.