NSG 442 : Global Public Health Exam 1 (Test Bank) UPDATED, Colorado State University-Pueblo.

NSG 442 Global Public Health Exam 1 1: Community and Prevention–Oriented, Population-Focused Practice: The Foundation of Specialization in Public Health Nursing • State the mission of and core functions of public health and the essential public health services and the quality performance standards program in public health. • Describe specialization in public health nursing and other nurse roles in the community and the practice goals of each. • Contrast clinical nursing practice with population focused practice in the community. • Describe what is meant by community-oriented, population-focused practice. • State key opportunities for community and prevention-oriented, population-focused practice. Review Questions 1. In 1988, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) published a report on the future of public health and its mission that defined public health as: a. what public-private partnerships do to treat vulnerable populations. b. what the government does to ensure that vital programs are in place. c. what the U.S. Public Health Service does to prevent disease, promote health, and deliver services. d. what society does collectively to ensure the conditions in which people can be healthy. 2. A registered nurse is seeking a position as a public health nurse. In reviewing the job description, the nurse would expect to find a description of a position that focused on functions such as: a. monitoring pregnant teenagers for symptoms of complications of pregnancy. b. offering free hypertension screening and treatment referral at local health fairs to low-income, uninsured, community members. c. partnering with local seasonal farmworkers to design a program aimed at preventing illness and injury, and advocating for this population with local political and community leaders. d. preventing injury among a population of elderly residents in an assisted living facility and treating residents’ chronic illnesses. 3. A public health nurse leader is encountering barriers when trying to shift the public health agency’s efforts to a populationfocused practice. The reasons peers are not supportive of the proposed shift to a population focus are most likely related to: a. agency colleagues’ push for nurses to focus on population initiatives. b. costs associated with staff training and revision of documents. c. lack of support from the agency’s funding sources. d. opinions that nursing should focus on the provision of direct client care and services. 4. The role and goals of the community health nursing practice can best be described as: a. community-based interventions aimed at promoting, preserving, and maintaining the health of populations residing in institutional facilities such as nursing homes. b. education of nurses and other staff working in community-based and community-oriented settings to improve the overall effectiveness of their programs to meet client needs. c. population-level strategies aimed at promoting, preserving, and maintaining the health of populations through the delivery of personal health care services to individuals, families, and groups in an effort to improve the health of the community as a whole. brilliant smart d. activities targeted at improving the health status of clients served by community-based health service agencies such as hospice and home health agencies. 5. A community-oriented nurse has identified obesity as a problem in the middle school. The next step in a population-focused practice is to make information available about the health of the middle school students. This describes the core public health function of: a. assessment. b. assurance. c. policy development. d. research. 6. The state public health agency has received multiple complaints regarding the availability of elder transportation services to a specific county senior center. The state agency assigns a public health nurse to work with the community to evaluate its program for elder transportation services to publicly sponsored eldercare programs. The public health core function applied is: a. assurance. b. policy development. c. primary prevention. d. public transportation. 7. A nurse planning a smoking cessation clinic for adolescents in the local middle schools and high schools is providing: a. community-oriented care. b. community-based care. c. secondary care. d. tertiary care. 8. A community-oriented nurse conducts home visits to new parents to assess the health status of the infant, the parent-child relationship, the parents’ knowledge regarding the care of the infant, and the need for health department and social services referrals to support the needs of the new parents and the infant. This can best be described as an example of: a. clinical community health practice. b. community-based practice. c. population-focused practice. d. public health nursing. 9. Nurses should consider opportunities for population-focused practice that result from the rapid transformation of health care delivery from a medical model to a health promotion/disease prevention model. An example of such opportunity is: a. operator of a nurse practitioner-run urgent care center in a major retail location. b. director of clinical services spanning inpatient and community-based settings that provide a wide range of services to the populations seen by the system. c. clinical director of a home health agency. d. school nurse position in the local high school. MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. Public health nursing specialists are interested in which of the following topic(s)? (Select all that apply.) a. Educational materials for individuals with HIV/AIDS b. Evaluation of an outreach program for at-risk pregnant teenagers c. Community subpopulations with high rates of type 2 diabetes d. New technologies to monitor diabetes e. Prevalence of hypertension among various age, race, and gender groups 2: History of Public Health and Community Health Nursing • Interpret the focus and roles of public health nurses through an historical approach. • Trace the ongoing interaction between the practice of public health and that of nursing. brilliant smart • Discuss the dynamic relationship between changes in social, political, and economic contexts and nursing practice in the community. • Outline the professional and practice impact of individual leadership on population-centered nursing, especially the leadership of Florence Nightingale and Lillian Wald. • Identify structures for delivery of nursing care in the community such as settlement houses, visiting nurse associations, official health organizations, and schools. • Recognize major organizations that contributed to the growth and development of population-centered nursing. Review Questions 1. In 1925, Mary Breckenridge established the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS) based on a system of care used in the highlands and islands of Scotland. Changes in public support for community and public health nursing and away from individual commitment and private financial support led to innovations in health care delivery in the twentieth century, especially for underserved populations. One of Breckenridge’s innovative contributions to health care in the United States was: a. establishment of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration. b. introduction of the first nurse-midwifery training. c. introduction of the nursing process. d. introduction of occupational health nursing. 2. The most important contribution made by Florence Nightingale to community-oriented nursing was: a. development of the settlement house concept as a strategy to improve urban health standards. b. expansion of the role of nursing to include health-promotion practices. c. founding of the first district nursing association in England. d. introduction of professional schools of nursing in the United States. 3. The Social Security Act of 1935 was designed to prevent the reoccurrence of the problems of the depression. Title VI of this act provided funding for expanded opportunities for health protection and promotion. The most relevant strategy related to this objective for public health nursing was: a. establishment of an FNS. b. provision of funding to support employment and education. c. provision of funding for research and investigation of disease. d. institution of a district nursing model. 4. In 1902, Lillian Wald introduced the concept of school nursing to address the problem of school absenteeism. The primary model for the school nurse program was to work with children in the schools and make home visits for the purpose of: a. enforcing the department of health’s rules and regulations. b. excluding infectious children from the school environment. c. providing and obtaining medical treatment for absent students. d. providing shoes and clothing for students. 5. From a historical perspective, the post-Depression shift in the U.S. Congress to the practice of categorical funding that provides federal money for priority diseases or groups has to this day produced a negative effect on the delivery of health care services that can best be described as: