Musculo-Skeletal System
Monday, 16 May 2022 17:23
Musculo-skeletal system
1. Muscles
a. Skeletal muscle
b. Ligaments
2. Skeleton
a. Bones
b. Joints
c. Articulating cartilage
d. Ligaments
Skeletal System
BONE
Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton
- Skull, vertebral column - Upper and lower limb bones
- Pectoral and pelvic girdle
& thoracic cage
Functions of bone
• Support
• Protection
• Movement
• Storage of salts
• Blood cells
Composition
1. Cells & fibres (elasticity)
2. Calcium salts (rigidity)
Osteoblasts • Form bone matrix
• Deposit inorganic salts & osteoid in bone tissue
Osteocyte • Mature bone cells
• Monitor and maintain bone tissue
Osteoclast • Reabsorbs bone
• Breakdown bone = calcium & phosphate
Classification of bone
Location, shape, ossification
Long bone • Tubular
• Compact bone constituents the most (thicker in shaft)
• Spongy bone and bony marrow - ends of bone
Short bone • Cuboid/round
• Thin layer of compact bone
Flat bones • Thin, curved
• 2 // layers of compact bone covering spongy bone
Irregular bones • Contain foramina
Anatomy Page 1
Monday, 16 May 2022 17:23
Musculo-skeletal system
1. Muscles
a. Skeletal muscle
b. Ligaments
2. Skeleton
a. Bones
b. Joints
c. Articulating cartilage
d. Ligaments
Skeletal System
BONE
Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton
- Skull, vertebral column - Upper and lower limb bones
- Pectoral and pelvic girdle
& thoracic cage
Functions of bone
• Support
• Protection
• Movement
• Storage of salts
• Blood cells
Composition
1. Cells & fibres (elasticity)
2. Calcium salts (rigidity)
Osteoblasts • Form bone matrix
• Deposit inorganic salts & osteoid in bone tissue
Osteocyte • Mature bone cells
• Monitor and maintain bone tissue
Osteoclast • Reabsorbs bone
• Breakdown bone = calcium & phosphate
Classification of bone
Location, shape, ossification
Long bone • Tubular
• Compact bone constituents the most (thicker in shaft)
• Spongy bone and bony marrow - ends of bone
Short bone • Cuboid/round
• Thin layer of compact bone
Flat bones • Thin, curved
• 2 // layers of compact bone covering spongy bone
Irregular bones • Contain foramina
Anatomy Page 1