BCAT Test 2022 Questions And Answers

[COMPANY NAME] [Company address] BCAT TEST 2022 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Autism is a: A. Neurodevelopment Disorder B. Mood Disorder C. Metabolic Disorder Ans:A ASD is characterized by: A. "Difficulties with reading, writing and math" B. "Difficulties in social interaction, communication and repetitive behaviors" C. "Difficulties with communication, acting out and academics" D."Difficulties with following instructions and self harming" Ans:B ABA is the cure for autism A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B The three term contingency is A. Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence B. Lions-Tigers-Bears C. Environmental Event-Behavior-Consequence D. Antecedent-Behavior-Reward Ans:A Behavior must: A. Occur outside of the person B. Be observable by another person C. Be defined as good or bad D. A and B Ans:D We seek to understand how influence the occurrence of behavior A. Everything B. Private Events C. Environmental events D. Rewards BCAT Test 2022 Questions And Answers Ans:C Which is not an area we would work on with our clients? A. Hitting classmates B. Communication C. Feeling Angry D. Difficulties with social interaction Ans:C Frequency is: A. The length of time it takes to START a behavior after the instruction is given B. Assigning numbers to different prompt levels C. The number of times the behavior occurs D. The length of time that a behavior occurs Ans:C ABC Data A."Records the antecedent, behavior and consequence ofproblem behaviors" B. Is when target behaviors occur C. The length of time a behavior occurs D. The ratio of number of times a behavior occurs per unit of time Ans:A Whole-Interval Time Sampling A. "Records the antecedent, behavior and consequence ofproblem behaviors" B. The target behavior is recorded as a (+)if occurs throughout the entire interval C. The length of time a behavior occurs D. The length oftime it takes to START a behavior Ans:B Rate A. The behavior is recorded as a (+)if occurs atleast once at any point during the interval B. The number of times the behavior occurs C. Assigns numbers to different prompt levels D. The ratio of number of times a behavior occurs per unit of time Ans:D Percent A. Count of Behavior/number of opportunities X 100 B. The ratio of number of times a behavior occurs per unit of time C. The number of times the behavior occurs D. The length of time that a behavior occurs Ans:A Scatterplot A. The length of time a behavior occurs B. The number of times the behavior occurs C. When the target behavior occurs D. The behavior is recorded as a (+)if occurs atleast once at any point during the interval Ans:C Duration A. The ratio of number of times a behavior occurs per unit of time B. The length of time it takes to START a behavior after the instruction is given" C. The number of times the behavior occurs D. The length of time a behavior occurs Ans:D Prompt Level A. When the target behavior occurs B. Assigning numbers to different promptlevels C. Count of Behavior/number of opportunities X 100 D. "Records the antecedent, behavior and consequence ofproblem behaviors" Ans:B Partial Interval Time Sampling A. The behavior is recorded as a (+)if occurs atleast once at any point during the interval B. The target behavior is recorded as a (+)if occurs throughout the entire interval C. The time it takes to START a behavior after the instruction is given D. The number of times a behavior occurs Ans:A Latency A. The length of time that a behavior occurs B. When the behavior occurs C. The length of time it takes to START a behavior after the instruction is given D. Count of behavior/number of opportunities X100 Ans:C Positive reinforcement iswhen you add a stimulus to the environment to increase the future frequency of that behavior. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Low effort responses should receive the most powerful reinforcers. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Positive reinforcement should be delivered: A. Immediately after the desired behavior B. atthe end of the session C. After you record the data Ans:A The following is an example of an unconditioned reinforcer: A. TV B. Food C. Iphone D. Bubbles Ans:B Erica correctly answered 10 math problems. Whatis an example of a behavior specific praise statement? A."Good job" B."All done" C."Great work on your math problems, Erica" D."Erica, awesome!" Ans:C Whatis the best way to determine what items to use as a reinforcer during the session? A. Ask the parents B. Give them M & Ms because you know they like them C. Use whatever toys are in your bag D. Conduct a preference assessment Ans:D A conditioned reinforcer is a reinforcer thatis notlearned A. TRUE B. FALSE Negative reinforcement is the same thing as punishment A. True B. False Scratching a bug bite is an example of negative reinforcement A. True B. False Yelling "no talking" to a group ofnoisy students is an example ofnegative reinforcement. A. True B. False You should use intermittent reinforcementwhen teaching a new skill. A. True B. False Pressing 'start' on the microwave and the microwave beginning is on whattype of schedule of reinforcement? A. continuous reinforcement B. intermittent reinforcement A schedule of reinforcement tells you: A. When to deliver a reinforcement B. What reinforcer to deliver What produces a post-reinforcement pause? A. FI B. VI C. FR Ans:B Ans:B Ans:B Ans:B Ans:B Ans:A Ans:A D. VR Ans:A & C Delivery of reinforcement after every 5 baskets made during a game is an example of what type of schedule of reinforcement? A. FI B. VI C. FR D.VR Ans:C Checking your email throughout the day is maintained by what schedule of reinforcement? A. FI B. VI C. FR D.VR Ans:B Variable schedules of reinforcementproduce steady rates of responding A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Tokens can be exchanged for: A. candy B. toys C. breaks D. all of the above Ans:D Tokens should be delivered immediately after the desired behavior A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Providing tokens for the first correct response after 12 minutes is on what schedule of reinforcement? A. FI 12 B. VI 12 C. FR 12 D. VR 12 Ans:A During extinction, a previously reinforced behavior is no longer followed bya reinforcer, and the behavior in the future. A. decreases B. increases C. stays the same Ans:A During an extinction burst, the behavior may temporarily increase in , , or . A. frequency,durationor intensity B. "rate, length, force" C."frequency, rate,duration" D. all the above Ans:A is when a previously extinguished behavior occurs again in the future. A. Impromptu recovery B. Voluntary recovery C.Spontaneous recovery D. Impulsive recovery Ans:C A behavior will decrease more quickly after continuous reinforcement rather than intermittent reinforcement A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A In extinction of a positively reinforced behavior, the is no longer delivered after the behavior. A. reinforcer B. baseline C. dependent variable D. antecedent Ans:A Whenusing differential reinforcementto reduce problembehavior,the clinician provides for appropriate behavior and for problembehavior. A. "reinforcement;punishment" B. "punishment; withholds reinforcement(extinction)" C. "reinforcement; reprimands" D. reinforcement;withholds reinforcement(extinction)" Ans:D If you are using a differential reinforcement procedure, you are using extinction. This means you ignore the client when they engage in problem behavior as long as the behavior does not escalate to a crisis behavior (continuos severe aggression, property destruction, self injurious behavior) A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Your client often engages in aggression when you place a demand on him (e.g., tell him to sit at the table, clean up, etc.). The behavior intervention plan includes a DRA and provides instructions on how to reinforce compliance (e.g., when he does sit down or clean up, give him access to a favorite toy). What is missing? A. Description of a punishment procedure B. Instructions on what the parents should do C. Description of an extinction procedure D. Description of reinforcement procedure Ans:C What are the essential components of a skill acquisition program: A. Target Goal B. Data Collection Method C. Teaching procedures D. All of the above Ans:D Which teaching procedure is therapist directed, structured, and uses contrived reinforcers? A. Natural environment teaching B. DiscreteTrial Training C. Shaping D. Differential reinforcement Ans:B Whatteaching procedure uses the ABC contingency to teach goals? A. Natural environment teaching B. DiscreteTrial Training C. No-No Prompting D. Both A and B Ans:D RBT's can deviate from the plan or design their own interventions. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B The most effective interventions combine both NET and DTT A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Stimulus control is when a response is more likely to occur in the presence of a certain stimulus A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A You putthree pictures on the table in front of your client: a car, a block, and a dog. Then, you say "Point to dog." If your client points to the dog you say "YAY!" and give them a preferred toy. If they point to the car or the block, you do not say anything and move on to another trial. This lesson (delivering reinforcement for the correct response, no reinforcement for incorrect response) will resultin: A. Stimulus fading B. Stimulus control C. Response control D. Response analysis Ans:B When Julie sees her friend Carlos, she says "Carlos!" and Carlos looks at Julie and says "Hi, Julie!" When Julie sees her friend Tina, she says "Carlos!" and Tina does not look at Julie or say hi. These consequences will eventually lead to Julie only saying "Carlos" when Carlos is present, meaning her response of saying "Carlos"is now under stimulus control. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A Which ofthe following factors is NOT involved in discrimination training? A. Client Response B. Punishment C. Reinforcement D. Discriminative Stimulus Ans:B Duringdiscrimination training, the RBT provides reinforcementwhen: A. "The picture of the car is present when the client says "car"" B. "The picture of the bike is present when the client says "car"" C."The picture of the bike is present when the client says "bike"" D. Both A and C Ans:D You are teaching a client to respond correctly to the instruction "sit down." On your first trial you say "sit down" and the client begins running around the room. What consequence should you provide? A. Give him a high five B. "Say "great job"and move on" C. Say nothing and move on D."Say "that's bad" and tell his parents?" Ans:C A prompt is a response the client makes before making the correct response to a question. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Which of the following is NOT a type of prompt? A. Gesture B. Physical C. Imitation D. Model Ans:C Whatis most-to-least prompting? A. Presenting a stimulus the most amount of times to the least amount B. Letting the client make the most amount of errors to the least amount of errors C. Beginning with the leastintrusive prompt and working up to the most intrusive prompt D. Beginning with the most intrusive prompt and working up to the least intrusive prompt Ans:D Prompt dependency is always the client's fault because they know being is easier than responding correctly A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Which of the following is NOT a way to prevent prompt dependency? A. Fade prompts as quickly as possible B. Mix new targets and mastered targets C. Ask client if they are ready for the prompt to be faded D. Use the correct prompt type Ans:C Which of the following is NOT an example of a skill taught via task analysis? A. Washing Hands B. Tying Shoes C."Saying "Car"" D. Preparing a meal Ans:C About how many steps make up a task analysis? A. 3 B. 6 C. 10 D. It depends on the client and skills being taught Ans:D Kathy is teaching her client how to put on a jacket. First, she teaches her client to pick up the jacket. After the client completes this step independently, she teaches him to put one arm through a sleeve. After he is doing that independently, she teaches him to put the second arm through and so on. What chaining procedure is Kathy using? A. Forward Chaining B. Backward Chaining C. Total Task D.None of the Above Ans:A The following chaining procedure is used most often because the clientlearns the step closest to reinforcement first. A. Forward Chaining B. Backward Chaining C. Total Task D.None of the Above Ans:B Jack is working with a client on getting dressed. The client often stops halfway through the task or completes step out of order. What visual may be helpful for Jack's client? A. First, then Board B. Choice Board C. Task Analysis Visual D. Picture Activity Schedule Ans:C While Samantha was working with a client, she said "wait" and then put a timer on the table in view of the client. Why might Samantha have done this? A. The client is in time out B. Samantha is taking duration data C. The timer is a visual aid for the client D.None of the Above Ans:C Whatis generalization? A. A general description of a clients skills B. The ability of the RBT to use their ABA skills with multiple clients C. The ability of the client to use their skills across different people and setting D.None of the Above Ans:C Whatis one way to promote generalization? A. Talk to the client about the importance of generalization B. Tell the parents that generalization is their responsibility C. Use several examples of stimuli when teaching the client D. All of the above Ans:C Tonyoften gets the attention of his mother bysaying "Mommy!" when he sees her.After saying "Mommy!," his mother comes over and gives him a hug. Now, Tony also says "Mommy!" when he sees his father. Whatis the likely consequence? A. Reinforcement, Tony's father will give him a hug B. Reinforcement, Tony's father will give him a high 5 C. Extinction, Tony's fatherwill not respond D. Extinction, Tony's father will say "No" Ans:C Tony often gets the attention of his mother by saying "Mommy!" when he sees her. After saying "Mommy!," his mother comes over and gives him a hug. Now, Tony also says "Mommy!" when he sees his father. His father does not respond. Whatis the likely result? A. Tony's father will gain stimulus controlover the response "mommy" B. Tony will only say "mommy" when he sees his mother C. Tony's mother will gain stimulus controlover the response "mommy" D. Both B and C Ans:D You are teaching your client (a 13-year-old girl) to identify appropriate peers to interact with. When she attempts to approach a group of similar aged children, you say "great job!" and encourage her to go over. When she attempts to approach a group of 5-year-old children, you don'tsay anything and redirect her.Whattype ofteaching procedure are you using? A. Chaining B. Reinforcement C. Maintenance D. Discrimination training Ans:D The following is an example of most-to-least prompt fading? A. Vocal, gesture, partial physical, full physical B. Full physical, partial physical, model, gesture C. 5 second delay, 2 second delay,0 second delay D. Partial physical, full physical, vocal, model Ans:B A task analysis chains together several complex skills so the client feels more challenged. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Arthur is learning how to tie his shoes. His RBT says "Tie your shoes"then prompts each step for the entire task. The RBT continues this procedure until Arthur ties his shoes independently. What type of chaining procedure? A. Forward Chaining B. Backward Chaining C. TotalTask D.None of the Above Ans:C Elizabeth was engaging in tantrums each time her RBT asked her to transition from one activity to another. The BCBA and RBT decided to implement a program in which the RBT places several pictures of Elizabeth's activities on a board and Elizabeth removes each picture after they complete the corresponding activity. Whattype of visual aide is this? A. Picture Activity Schedule B. Choice Board C. First, then board D. Communcation Visual Ans:A Generalization is never the priority. It should only be worked on if there is spare time in the session. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Alicia is teaching Lydia point to the color blue when told "touch blue." First Alicia uses picture cards to teach her. Then, Alicia collects a variety of blue items from around the house and teaches using these items. Whatis Alicia doing? A. Promoting maintenance B. Promoting stimulus control C. Promoting Generalization D. Trying to confuse Lydia Ans:C Phillip has taught his client, Thomas, to identify all of his body parts. At the end of one of his sessions, Phillip asks Thomas' parents to have Thomas identify body parts outside of session. What is Phillip doing? A. Promoting maintenance B. Promoting Generalization C. Promoting Stimulus Discrimination D. Both A and B Ans:D A mand is: A. A label of a stimulus B. A conversation skill C. A verbal imitation D. A request Ans:D Which ofthe following helps individual's verbally communicate? A. Sign Language B. Picture Exchange Communication System C. Oral Language D. All of the above Ans:D Which verbal operant do we usually teach a learner first? A. mand B. echoic C. tact D. Intraverbal Ans:B Which of the following labels a stimulus within the environment? A. echoic B. mand C. tact D. Intraverbal Ans:C During receptive instructions the instructor models the behavior for the learner A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B Who conceptualized verbalbehavior? A. B.F.Skinner B. Donald Baer C. EdwardCarr D. Jon Bailey Ans:A Which part of the contingency is said to increase or decrease the likelihood of the behavior occurring in the future? A. Antecedent B. Behavior C. Consequence Ans:C Which part of the contingency does not cause the behavior, but only sets the stage? A. Antecedent B. Behvavior C. Consequence Ans:A Screaming at your sister because you want a hug: A. Attention B. Escape C. Tangible D. Automatic Ans:A Refusing to write your name when being presented with the instruction to do so: A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:B Throwing over a table when presented with an activity: A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:B Standing in the middle of the classroom twirling beads while other students laugh and the teacher directs you to sit back in your seat. A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:A Crying and tantruming when a mother says no to candy in the store: A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:D Not answering your phone when you see itis a bill collector: A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:B Leg shaking during a meeting. A. Attention B. Escape C. Automatic D. Tangible Ans:C A mother is waiting in the checkout line at the grocery store. Her daughter asks for a candy bar. The mother says "no," and the daughter throws herself on the floor and begins to scream. The mother then gives her the candy and the daughter stops screaming. How would you prevent her from screaming during a future grocery store trip? A. Tell her if she screams she will be in time out when they get home. B. Give her the candy bar before she asks, so she won't scream in the checkout line. C. Review expectations before starting the activity, or increase reinforcement for appropriate behaviors. D.Hope thatit won't happen this time and if it does, leave the grocery store and the groceries behind. Ans:C You have placed math materials on the desk in front of a student. He picks up the materials and throws them across the room. You get up, pick up the materials and walk away. How could you prevent him throwing materials tomorrow? A. Increase opportunities for choice in the materials that are placed on his desk. B. Don't give the student the materials. C. Tell the student he will have to leave the classroom if he throws materials. D. Express your frustration with the student comparing him to others who do notthrow their materials. Ans:A Whenever Sally's mother starts talking to another person,Sally immediately begins taking off her clothes and and runs around the room. How could you prevent this behavior from occurring in the future? A. Make sure thatSally is wearing her favorite clothes. B. Hold Sally by the hand so she can't take off her clothes. C. PutSally in her room when you have visitors. D. Teach appropriateways to ask for attention. Ans:D Which of the following is not a function of behavior? A. Attention B. Property Destruction C. Automatic (sensory)Reinforcement D. Escape Ans:B Which portion of the three term contingency maintains the behavior? A. Private Events B. Antecedent C. Consequence D. Attention Ans:C A crisis management plan is WARRANTED when:(only select one choice below) A. "There is refusal to perform, being disrespectful" B. "When someone is engaging in disruptive behaviors such as making noises or profanity" C. "A peron's behaviors are dangerous, extreme andposing eminent danger for oneself or others." D. "Whenalternative interentions are notimmediatley feasible, safe or effective" E. C and D Ans:E baseline data points do not consistently fall within a narrow range of values and do not suggest any clear trend A. stable B. ascending C. Variable D. descending Ans:C baseline data show no evidence of an upward or downward trend; all of the measures fall within a relatively small range of values A. stable B. variable C. descending D. ascending Ans:A baseline is a data path that shows a decreasing trend in the response measure over time A. stable B. descending C. ascending D. variable Ans:B baseline is a data path that shows an increasing trend in the response measure over time A. descending B. ascending C. stable D. variable Ans:B " is a condition of an experiment in which the intervention has not yet been introduced" A. baseline B. functional behavorialassessment C. stimulus preference assessment D. behavorial assessment Ans:A " is a systematic method of assessment for obtaining informaiton aboutthe purposes (Functions) a problem behavior serves for a person; results are used to guide the design of an intervention for decreasing the problem behavior and increasing the appropriate behavior" A. behavioral assessment B. baseline C. functional behavior assessment D. stimulus preference assessment Ans:C prefers." A. functional behavior assessment B. stimulus preference assessment C. behavorial assessment D. baseline Ans:B " involves a variety ofmethods including direct observations,inteviews, checklists and tests to identify and define targets for behavior change." A. behavioralassessment B. stimulus preference assessment C. baseline D. functional behavorialassessment Ans:A True or False: Asking a client what they prefer to engage with is an example of a preference assessment? A. True B. False Ans:A Behavioralassessments includes the following methodsEXCEPT: A. direct observations B. interviews C. checklists D. all of the above are behavioral assessments Ans:D Direct assessmentapproaches are preferred over indirectapproaches A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:A The four functions of behavior include: attention, , tangible, and automatic (sensory) reinforcement A. escape B. power C. control " refers to a variety of procedures used to determine the item thatthe person D. none of the above Ans:A The RBT can design and guide the behavioral assessment process without the assistance of a BCBA. A. TRUE B. FALSE Ans:B refers to a variety of procedures used to determine the item thatthe person prefers. A. Observation B. Stimuls PreferenceAssessment C. Test D. Checklist Ans:B What are the settings in which an RBT will most likely provide services? A. community B. day care/school C. home D. center E. all of the above Ans:E Name 3 similiarities in RBT role across setting A. Follow behavior plan and goals as written by BCBA B. Communicate concerns and updates to BCBA C. Ensure presence of caregiver at all times D. Collect data as directed E. Communicate with caregivers F. All of the above Ans:F In a school setting, where should sessions be conducted? A. Cafeteria B. Gym C. Classroom with peers D. Roomaway fromclassroom Ans:D Who should be present for in home settings? A. Parent/AdultCaregiver B. Teenage Babysitter C. Occupational Therapist D. 15 year old sibling Ans:A Where can community sessions take place? A. Park/Zoo B. Grocery Store C. Library D. Various areas ofneed expressed byfamily E. all of the above F.None ofthe Above Ans:E Who creates and writes all goals/plans to be followed during all sessions? A. BCBA B. RBT C. Parent D. Teacher Ans:A What should an RBT collect every session across all settings and who provides details on how to collect? A. Data, BCBA B. Data, Parents C. Feelings, BCBA D. Materials, BCBA Ans:A I should refrain from discrimination in professional activities, including dual relationships with employees, employers, clients and their families, and other professionals. A. True B. False Ans:A It's ok for me as a BCAT to offer to babysit for my clients. A. True B. False Ans:B It is ok for me as a BCAT to have dinner with my clients after the session as long as I'm not getting paid. A. True B. False Ans:B A dual relationship is: A. a situation where multiple roles exist between a therapist, or other mental health B. a situation where one role existbetween a therapist, or other mental health practitioner, and a client. C. a situation where multiple roles exist between a members ofthe same family. Ans:A I shouldn't accept gifts from the clients that I work with. A. True B. False Ans:A If you are in a grocery store with your friend and you run into a family you work with, it is ok to introduce your friend to the family and acknowledge that you are their son's BCAT. A. True B. False Ans:B A client you are working with starts to engage in property destruction and aggression; what do you do in your role as a BCAT? A. Tell your spouse about it and gettheir advice B. Write a behavior plan yourself C. Ask the mom what she thinks you should do D. Tell your immediate supervisor and ask for guidance E. Ask the client's teacher what you should do Ans:D I should always be aware of the location of my client's arms, legs, and mouth in order to be better prepared to block hits, kicks, or bites. A. True B. False practitioner, anda client. Ans:A It is ok to wear large earrings or other jewelry to sessions with clients. A. True B. False Ans:B If you need to leave the client for any reason (i.e. bathroom break, etc...), you should: A. Wait until the client has earned a reinforcer, thenyou can leave them after they are engaged in an activity. B. Notify the caregiver or another therapistto take responsibility for the client's oversight until your return. Breaks during sessions should be minimal and brief. C. Its ok to leave the client alone if its only for a few min. D. Turn on a movie for the client and tell them you'll be right back. Ans:B Is it ever ok to leave a client unsupervised? A. Yes B. No Ans:B You are working with a client that has a tendency to elope from your sessions. Is it a wise idea to arrange a game of chase for him or her? A. Sure! Chase is fun. B. No, given the history of elopement, it is too risky for me to play chase or tag with this client. Ans:B Is it ok if a mom of a client you are working with says you can walk down to the park alone with your client? A. Yes B. No, A parent or caregiver should always be present at home and community sessions. Ans:B When an incident occurs, I should: A. Remember that safety is the main objective B. Complete an incident report C. Report the incident to the BCBA supervisor D. When feasible to safely do so, take data on the behaviors E. All of the above Ans:E If a child bites me, the appropriate response is to: A. Not pull away, gently push the area being bitten into the client's mouth and gently place a finger directly under the client's nose . B. Attempt to pull area being bit away from client's mouth C. Scream for help as loud as you can Ans:A If a client does drop to the floor, the appropriate response is to: A. Gently guide them down to the floor. B. Never "yank" on their arms to stand back up. C. Pick them up under the armpits and physically move them in direction you wantthem to go D. A and B are correct Ans:D When physically prompting a client and they resist your guidance, the appropriate response is to: A. Use the mostto least prompting B. Hold their arm tighter C. Put pressure on their joints D. Use the minimal amount of touch and force required to complete the prompt and then discuss alternative future strategies with the BCBA supervisor. Ans:D I should avoid physically carrying a client unless they are in a dangerous situation (i.e.. Ran into the street, etc...). A. True B. False Ans:A Avoid restricting movements, instead use techniques. A. Holding B. Restraint C. Blocking D. Guiding Ans:C You work with a client that has a history of biting. Is it wise to letthe client into your safe space, such as giving hugs, etc... A. Sure! Hugs are the best! B. Only if he's had a "good day" C. It's not wise to let clients with a history of biting into your "safe space" or risk thembiting you. Ans:C