WGU C785 COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A

WGU C785 COMPLETE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A 1. What is the basic structure of an amino acid? What do they look like?: - amino group (NH2 or NH3), carboxyl group (COO or COOH), alpha carbon (C), and variable group 2. How do you identify the 3 different types of side chains: non-polar/hy- drophobic, polar, and charged?: Non-polar/hydrophobic - end with CH or "can't have" water. Polar - end with OH, SH, or NH. Charged - end with a charge 3. what kinds of bonds do each of the 3 different types of side chains make?: ionic, hydrophobic/non-polar, charged 4. What are the 4 levels of protein structure?: Primary - linear structure, Sec- ondary - Folded into helix or pleated sheet caused by hydrogen bonding, tertiary - 3D structure caused by side chain interactions, quaternary - 1+ amino acid chains combine = multiple subunits MUST have 1+ subunit 5. What enviormental change breaks each type of bond?: hydrophobic - tem- perature change, ionic - salt or decreased pH, hydrogen - temperature, change in pH, disulfide - reducing agents 6. what type of amino acid side chain leads to protein aggregration?: hy- drophobic bonds 7. how do environmental changes affect protein folding?: Extreme temp can cause hydrogen bonds to break apart = malformation of protein folding 8. how do mutations affect protein structure?: Can cause structure to change. Protein loses form = loses function. May form a different protein. 9. What is an electron?: Negatively charged atom on outer ring for bonding 10. What is energy:: Power derived fro chemical interaction 11. what are covalent bonds?: chemical bond, atoms share 1+ valence electrons 12. what is an ionic bond?: bond between positive and negative 13. what is a hydrogen bond?: weak bond between positive and negative 14. with an amino?: piece of amino acid, NH2 or NH3 15. what is a carboyxl?: piece of amino acid, COO or COOH 16. What is hydrophobic?: Doesn't like water, end with CH 17. what is hydrophilic?: Water Lovering, end with OH, NH, or SH 18. what is disulfide bond?: strongest bond between reduction agents, formed between SH's.