CONTENTS
ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY 1
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 3
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 9
GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM 15
GENITOURINARY SYSTEM 24
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 31
ANATOMY
Revision Question Bank Biomedical Science Sem 2
,SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 1
ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
1. Describe the anatomical • Standing position
position? • Head, palms and feet facing forward
• Penis erect
• Thumbs pointing away from the body
2. What terms are used to • Superficial and deep
describe the body with respect • Proximal and distal
to the anatomical position? • Medial and lateral
3. Describe the median (mid-
sagittal plane) and sagittal
planes?
4. What are the Coronal and
Transverse planes?
5. What does the transverse plane • Bisects into inferior and superior parts
show? • Superior = above
• Inferior = below
6. What does the term medial • Any position nearer to the median plane
mean?
7. What does the term lateral • Any position further from the median plane
mean?
8. What does the term anterior • Nearer to the front of the body
mean? • AKA VENTRAL
9. What does the term posterior • Nearer the back of the body
mean? • AKA DORSAL
10. What are examples of paired • Superficial and deep
terms that do not relate to • Internal and external
planes?
11. What does the term proximal • With respect to limbs, those parts that are nearer to
mean? the attachment of the limb on the body = PROXIMAL
12. What does the term distal • Further from the attachment of the limb to the body
mean?
,SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 2
13. What is Flexion? • Bending of a limb
• Usually applied to movement across a moveable joint
14. What is Extension? • Reverse of flexion
• Generally results in the straightening of the limb
15. What is the relationship • Flexion approximates the anterior surface of the body
between flexion and extension, and extension reverses this movement
and what are any exceptions? • Exception of the lower limb – situation complicated by
its rotation during development
• Flexion of the foot = plantar flexion
• Extension of the foot = dorsiflexion
16. What is Adduction? • Movement towards the midline of the body
17. What is Abduction? • Movement away from the midline of the body
18. What are the terms Adduction • The midline
and Abduction used in respect • Except when they are used in relation to digits
to?
19. What is Rotation? • Movement of a body part around its long axis
• Only possible where the joint allows it
20. What is Lateral rotation? • When the anterior surface rotates laterally
21. What is Medial rotation? • When the anterior surface rotates medially
22. ^Similar types of movement • Supination
occur in the forearm, what • Pronation
terms describe this?
23. ^What about the foot? • Inversion
• Eversion
, SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 3
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1. What are the events of cardiac cycle • Superior and inferior vena cava deposit
and differentiate between systemic deoxygenated blood into the right atrium
and pulmonary circulation. Include • Going through the tricuspid valve, this gets
the names of the valves. pushed into the right ventricle
• Going through the pulmonary (semilunar valve),
• RED = Systemic blood is pushed to the lungs via the pulmonary
• BLUE = Pulmonary artery under a low pressure to allow gas
exchange
• The blood is oxygenated by diffusion – then it
returns to the heart through 1 of the 4
pulmonary veins into the left atrium
• From the left atrium, oxygenated blood goes
through the bicuspid (mitral) valve to the left
ventricle
• Then the blood is pumped out of the left
ventricle through the aortic valve to the aorta
• It is under high pressure as this oxygenated blood
needs to supply the whole of the body
2. Why does blood leave the right • To allow for gaseous exchange
ventricle through the pulmonary
artery at a low pressure?
3. By what process is blood oxygenated • Diffusion
in the lungs?
4. How and why is the blood pumped • High pressure by aorta
out of the left ventricle? • To supply whole body with oxygenated blood
5. What is different about the structure • Thick walls
of the left ventricle? • Due to the high pressure generated to drive
blood longer distances around the body
• Via the aorta
6. What comprises the anterior of • Right ventricle
sternocostal surface of the heart?
7. What comprises the base of the • Left atrium
heart?
8. What comprises the • Left ventricle
Inferior/diaphragmatic surface of • Right ventricle
the heart?
9. What comprises the right • Right atrium
pulmonary?
10. What comprises the left pulmonary? • Left ventricle
11. What are the 4 borders of the heart?
ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY 1
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM 3
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM 9
GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM 15
GENITOURINARY SYSTEM 24
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 31
ANATOMY
Revision Question Bank Biomedical Science Sem 2
,SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 1
ANATOMICAL TERMINOLOGY
1. Describe the anatomical • Standing position
position? • Head, palms and feet facing forward
• Penis erect
• Thumbs pointing away from the body
2. What terms are used to • Superficial and deep
describe the body with respect • Proximal and distal
to the anatomical position? • Medial and lateral
3. Describe the median (mid-
sagittal plane) and sagittal
planes?
4. What are the Coronal and
Transverse planes?
5. What does the transverse plane • Bisects into inferior and superior parts
show? • Superior = above
• Inferior = below
6. What does the term medial • Any position nearer to the median plane
mean?
7. What does the term lateral • Any position further from the median plane
mean?
8. What does the term anterior • Nearer to the front of the body
mean? • AKA VENTRAL
9. What does the term posterior • Nearer the back of the body
mean? • AKA DORSAL
10. What are examples of paired • Superficial and deep
terms that do not relate to • Internal and external
planes?
11. What does the term proximal • With respect to limbs, those parts that are nearer to
mean? the attachment of the limb on the body = PROXIMAL
12. What does the term distal • Further from the attachment of the limb to the body
mean?
,SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 2
13. What is Flexion? • Bending of a limb
• Usually applied to movement across a moveable joint
14. What is Extension? • Reverse of flexion
• Generally results in the straightening of the limb
15. What is the relationship • Flexion approximates the anterior surface of the body
between flexion and extension, and extension reverses this movement
and what are any exceptions? • Exception of the lower limb – situation complicated by
its rotation during development
• Flexion of the foot = plantar flexion
• Extension of the foot = dorsiflexion
16. What is Adduction? • Movement towards the midline of the body
17. What is Abduction? • Movement away from the midline of the body
18. What are the terms Adduction • The midline
and Abduction used in respect • Except when they are used in relation to digits
to?
19. What is Rotation? • Movement of a body part around its long axis
• Only possible where the joint allows it
20. What is Lateral rotation? • When the anterior surface rotates laterally
21. What is Medial rotation? • When the anterior surface rotates medially
22. ^Similar types of movement • Supination
occur in the forearm, what • Pronation
terms describe this?
23. ^What about the foot? • Inversion
• Eversion
, SGUL HINDU SOCIETY 3
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1. What are the events of cardiac cycle • Superior and inferior vena cava deposit
and differentiate between systemic deoxygenated blood into the right atrium
and pulmonary circulation. Include • Going through the tricuspid valve, this gets
the names of the valves. pushed into the right ventricle
• Going through the pulmonary (semilunar valve),
• RED = Systemic blood is pushed to the lungs via the pulmonary
• BLUE = Pulmonary artery under a low pressure to allow gas
exchange
• The blood is oxygenated by diffusion – then it
returns to the heart through 1 of the 4
pulmonary veins into the left atrium
• From the left atrium, oxygenated blood goes
through the bicuspid (mitral) valve to the left
ventricle
• Then the blood is pumped out of the left
ventricle through the aortic valve to the aorta
• It is under high pressure as this oxygenated blood
needs to supply the whole of the body
2. Why does blood leave the right • To allow for gaseous exchange
ventricle through the pulmonary
artery at a low pressure?
3. By what process is blood oxygenated • Diffusion
in the lungs?
4. How and why is the blood pumped • High pressure by aorta
out of the left ventricle? • To supply whole body with oxygenated blood
5. What is different about the structure • Thick walls
of the left ventricle? • Due to the high pressure generated to drive
blood longer distances around the body
• Via the aorta
6. What comprises the anterior of • Right ventricle
sternocostal surface of the heart?
7. What comprises the base of the • Left atrium
heart?
8. What comprises the • Left ventricle
Inferior/diaphragmatic surface of • Right ventricle
the heart?
9. What comprises the right • Right atrium
pulmonary?
10. What comprises the left pulmonary? • Left ventricle
11. What are the 4 borders of the heart?
