Nursing 101 Mark Klimek Blue Book

Mark Klimek Blue Book Name the five/six essential nutrients - carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water The major source of energy for the body is - carbs carbs provide ____________ Kcalories per 1 gram - 4 Sucrose is a sugar found in ____________ and _____________. - fruits, veggies Lactose is a sugar found in ? - milk What is glycogen? - It is a stored formed of glucose/energy manufactured by the liver Is glycogen eaten in foods? - NO! It is a stored form of glucose MANUFACTURED by the liver. When the body does not receive enough carbs it burns ___________ and _____________. - protein, fat The most concentrated source of energy for the body is ___________. - fats Fats provide ___________ Kcalories per 1 gram. - 9 Fats carry vitamins - A,D,E,K (Remember FADE K!) The nutrient needed most for growth and repair of tissues is _____________. - protein (second best is Vit C) Proteins provide __________ Kcalories per 1 gram. - 4 Vitamins and minerals provide energy for the body. (T/F) - False- they are necessary for a body's chemical reactions. Water is present in ALL body tissues. (T/F) - True (even bone) Water accounts for ________ to ___________% of an adult's total weight? - 50 to 60% Name the four basic food groups - Milk & Cheese, Meat & Legumes, Veggies & Fruits, Bread & Cereal Water acounts for __________ to _________% of an infant's total weight? - 70 to 75% An individual is overweight if they are ________% above the ideal weight. - 10 An individual is obese if they weigh ________% above the ideal weight. - 20 What solution and material are used to cleanse the eyes of an infant? - Plain water, cotton balls, washcloths Can you use cotton swabs to clean the eyes, nares or ears of an infant? - No, this is dangerous Can you use the same cotton ball/washcloth edge for both eyes? - No, it would cross contaminate Should you cover an unhealed umbilical site with the diaper? - No, fold the diaper down. What temperature is appropriate for the water used to bathe an infant? - 100 to 105 What is the #1 purpose of a tepid sponge bath? - Lower body temperature during fever. How should the temperature of the water be tested if no thermometer is available? - Dropping water on inside surface of your forearm. With which body part do you begin when bathing an infant? - Eyes always When cleansing an infant's eye, cleanse from outer to inner canthus? - No, inner to outer Should you retract the foreskin of a 5 week old male, uncircumcised infant to cleanse the area? - No, not until foreskin retracts naturally and without resistance- then it should be retracted, cleansed and replaced. When sponge-bathing with tepid water the correct temp is _____________. - 98.6 F How long does it take for the umbilical stump to fall off? - 7 to 14 days The primary reason why an infant is draped during the bath is to provide privacy. (T/F) - False, the primary purpose of draping is to prevent chilling. You may use friction to remove vernix caseosa from an infant's skin. (T/F) - False, it causes damage/bruising What solution is commonly used for care of umbilical cord? - 70% alcohol to promote drying (trend is toward soap and water) What cranial nerve is affected in Bell's Palsy? - #7, facial nerve What is the #1 symptom of Bell's Palsy? - One sided (unilateral) facial paralysis Complete recovery from the paralysis of Bell's Palsy should occur in _______ to ______ months. - 4 to 6 In addition to the facial paralysis, the sense of ______ is also affected. - taste Will the patient be able to close their eye on the affected side? - no Give three eye interventions for the client with Bell's Palsy. - Dark glasses, artificial tears, cover eye at night As the prostate enlarges it compresses the ___________ and causes urinary ________. - Urethra, rentention At what age does BPH occur? - men over 50 years of age What does BPH stand for? - Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy IN BPH the man has (increased/decreased) frequency of urination - increased In BPH the force of the urinary stream is (increased/decreased). - decreased The man with BPH has a _________-stream of urine - forked The man with BPH has hesitancey. What does this mean? - Difficulty starting to void Will the man with BPH have enuresis, nocturia or hematuria? - Enuresis-No, Nocturia-Yes, and Hematuria-Maybe Enuresis - inability to control the flow of urine and involuntary urination What is the best way to screen men for BPH? - Digital rectal exam Should fluids be forced or restricted in BPH? - forced What does TURP stand for? - Transurethral resection of the prostate The most radical prostate surgery is the ____________ prostatectomy. - Perineal What type of diet is used in BPH? - Acid Ash Acid Ash diet - Decrease pH (makes urine acid) Chz, eggs, Meat, fish, oysters, poultry, Bread, Cereal, Whole Grains, Pastries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums, Tomatoes, Peas, Corn, Legumes. What is the primary purpose of a 3 way continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) after TURP? - To keep the catheter clear of clots and to drain urine What solution is used for CBI? - Normal saline (0.9 NaCl) How fast do you run the CBI? - At whatever rate it takes to keep the urine flowing and free of clots What drug is use to treat bladder spasm? - B&O suppositories (Belladonna & Opiates) Should you take a rectal temp after prostatectomy? Give stool softeners? - No rectal temperatures, yes stool softeners You should call the MD after TURP when you see _________ thick ________, _____________ clots, and ____________ urine drainage on the dressing. - Bright thick blood, persistent clots, persistent urine on dressing (don't call MD for transitory clots and urine on dressing.) If you see an increase in blood content of urine coming out of the catheter, you would first ___________. - Pull carefully on the catheter to apply local pressure on the prostate with the Foley balloon. If you see clots in the tubing you would first ____________. - Increase the flow-rate