Unit 1- AP World History 2021 Already Passed

Unit 1- AP World History 2021 Already Passed Champa Rice Used in china, led to population increase due to resistance and more frequent harvest Proto-Industrialization Artisans in China produced more silk, porcelean, etc than they could sell, economic growth Scholar Gentry Chinese class well educated in Confucianism, came to be the ruling class in the Song Dynasty Filial Piety the duty of family members to subordinate their needs and desires to those of the male head of the family- Confucianism belief Grand Canal A canal linking northern and southern China built in Song Dynasty, made CHina a trade hub Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts rather than military. Imperial Bureaucracy system to run centralized gov't, comprised of educated scholar-gentry in China Meritocracy System in which leaders are chosen based on merit. Ie- Civil Service Exam in Song Dynasty bureaucracy Woodblock printing Print made by carving into wood, allowed for mass production of texts on crops and BUddhism Foot binding Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household, conforming to confucianist beliefs regarding womens' role in society Syncretic A religion that combines several traditions -Neo-Confucianism is confucianism w buddhism and daoism Zen Buddhism is buddhism and confuciansim Neo-Confucianism Combination of Confucianism and Buddhism popular in China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan Still incorporated many aspects of Confucian teachings Heian Period The era in Japanese history from A.D. 794-1185, arts and writing flourished during this time Took after China , but used feudalism government Korea during Song Dynasty CHina Involved in tributary relationship MAde conditions for women worse due to Confucianism powerful aristocracy rather than bureaucracy Vietnam influence from Song China Women had more rights than in China involved in tributary systen Mamluk Sultanate - A political unit in Egypt established by Mamluks, Arabic slaves that were well educated and important to society traded sugar with europe Seljuk turks nomadic Turks from Asia who conquered Baghdad in 1055 and allowed the caliph to remain only as a religious leader. they governed strictly Abbasid Caliphate third of the Islamic Caliphates of the Islamic Empire. The rulers who built their capital in Baghdad after overthrowing the Umayyad caliphs. In started in 750 CE. It flourished for two centuries, but slowly went into decline as other Islamic states broke off or became autonomous, leaving them susceptible to invasion from Mongols What is the term for a religion that combines multiple systems of beliefs? religious syncretism Give context behind introduction of BUddhism to China -brought on silk roads -distributed by wood block prints -led to founding of monestaries, political unrest due to attempts to close monestaries, and aristocrats donating money to Buddhists What development allowed Europeans to obtain products from East Asia? growth of Song and Tang Dynasties Why did Muslims tolerate Jews and Christians? Example? Because they were "by the book," meaning they were monotheistic and closely related to Islam Example: Granada How did Seljuks lead to Crusades by European Christains? The Seljuks ended an Abbasid Caliphate policy allowing Christians to travel to their holy sites in Jerusalem, leading to Christian uprising for religious freedom What made the Abbasid Caliphate vulnerable to Mongol invasion? The state divided into many autonomous Islamic states, such as regions run by the Seljuks and Mamluks What was the appeal of Islam across the world? The Islam world spread from Spain to India through conquering land. IT appealed to the masses with its egalitarian messages and universal teachings on spiritualism, which resonated with low-caste Hindus and poor from other faiths ie- requirement to donate part of salary to help others, emphasis on fairness and morality in Muhammad's teachings How did slavery work in the Islamic world? Could not enslave montheists, instead enslaved people from Africa What happened in Baghdad under Abbasid rule? Silk roads shifted north, traders no longer passed through Baghdad As a result, there weren't funds for canals, limiting farming and trade Farmers couldn't produce food to feed the masses, the population shrunk What is the Dar al-Islam wherever Islam spread to ( Northern Africa, Southwest Asia , Southern Spain) in 1st and 2nd centuries CE When did