RVT ARDMS exam review| 100 QUESTIONS|
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
3 causes of venous thrombosis also called, Virchow's Triad Correct Answer: Venous stasis,
trauma/endothelial damage, hypercoagulability
Venous stasis Correct Answer: Slowed blood flow in veins. Caused by immobility, myocardial infarction,
CHF, hypotension, COPD, obesity, pregnancy, previous DVT, extrinsic compression, SVC syndrome,
paraplegia, surgery associated conditions.
2 types of Trauma/endothelial damage Correct Answer: Intrinsic and extrinsic
Intrinsic trauma is Correct Answer: Damage to the vessel wall from intravenous drugs or a catheter.
Increased use of PICC line results in higher incidence of upper extremity thrombus, usually developing at
most proximal portion of PICC line.
Extrinsic trauma is Correct Answer: Damage caused by an accident, which can occur at any site of the
body.
Hypercoagulability is associated with Correct Answer: Pregnancy, cancer, oral contraceptives and/or
hormone replacement therapy, inherited states,e.g., factor V Leiden or protein C, protein S, or
Antithrombin III deficiency
Sensitivity, and
How to calculate? Correct Answer: -Ability of a test to detect disease, how many tests are correctly
called positive.
- # of true positives divided by # of all positive tests by gold standard, or TP/TP+FN
Specificity, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: -Ability of a test to identify normality, or how many
results were correctly called negative.
- # of true negative divided by # of all negative tests by gold standard, or TN/TN+FP
Positive predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: -percentage of test results that
accurately predict abnormality, or what % correctly predicted disease.
- # of true positive test divided by # of all positive tests, or TP/TP+FP
Negative predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: - percentage of test results that
accurately predict normality, or what % correctly predicted absence of disease.
- # of true negatives divided by # of all negative tests, or TN/TN+FN
Accuracy, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: - % of correct tests, or how well does the test both
detect and rule out disease.
- total # of correct tests divided by total # of all tests, or TP+TN/TP+FP+FN+TN
, Brachiocephalic/ Innominate vien formed from confluence of? Correct Answer: Subclavien and Internal
jugular vein
Vascular disease more common in women? Correct Answer: Takayasu's arteritis-tennage to young
women more common.
FMD- younger women.
Celiac band syndrome- young athletic women.
Vascular disease more common in men? Correct Answer: Obliteritis angitis(bergers disease)- younger
<40 men, heavy smokers.
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome- young athletic men.
Celiac artery supplies blood to what organs? Correct Answer: Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and
spleen.
Celiac artery branches into? Correct Answer: Left gastric, splenic, common hepatic arteries.
SMA supplies blood to what organs? Correct Answer: Small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, part of
transverse colon.
SMA location? Correct Answer: 1cm distal to celiac artery.
IMA supplies what organs? Correct Answer: Left half of transverse colon, the descending, iliac, and
sigmoid colon, and part of rectum
IMA arises from? Correct Answer: Distal abdominal aorta 3-4cm above aortic bifurcation and can act as
a collateral connection.
May-Thurner syndrome Correct Answer: Compression of left common iliac vein by the right common
iliac artery as the artery crosses over it, increases likelihood of left common iliac deep vein thrombosis.
Paget-Schroetter syndrome Correct Answer: -(Stress or effort thrombosis) thrombosis of subclavien or
axillary vein secondary to intense, repetitive activity.
-Associated with motion of upper extremity as seen with heavy lifting or strenuous throwing of a
baseball or football.
Nutcracker syndrome Correct Answer: Compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the
SMA.
Renal arteries supply what? Correct Answer: Kidneys, suprarenal glands, ureters.
Landmarks for renal artery and vein? Correct Answer: Left renal vein crosses the aorta anteriorly and is
superior to renal artery.
Right renal artery crosses posteriorly to IVC.
Two main categories for alternative diagnostic tests related to venous disease are? Correct Answer: 1.
Evaluation for possible venous thrombosis or venous reflux.
2. Evaluation of a pulmonary embolism (PE).
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
3 causes of venous thrombosis also called, Virchow's Triad Correct Answer: Venous stasis,
trauma/endothelial damage, hypercoagulability
Venous stasis Correct Answer: Slowed blood flow in veins. Caused by immobility, myocardial infarction,
CHF, hypotension, COPD, obesity, pregnancy, previous DVT, extrinsic compression, SVC syndrome,
paraplegia, surgery associated conditions.
2 types of Trauma/endothelial damage Correct Answer: Intrinsic and extrinsic
Intrinsic trauma is Correct Answer: Damage to the vessel wall from intravenous drugs or a catheter.
Increased use of PICC line results in higher incidence of upper extremity thrombus, usually developing at
most proximal portion of PICC line.
Extrinsic trauma is Correct Answer: Damage caused by an accident, which can occur at any site of the
body.
Hypercoagulability is associated with Correct Answer: Pregnancy, cancer, oral contraceptives and/or
hormone replacement therapy, inherited states,e.g., factor V Leiden or protein C, protein S, or
Antithrombin III deficiency
Sensitivity, and
How to calculate? Correct Answer: -Ability of a test to detect disease, how many tests are correctly
called positive.
- # of true positives divided by # of all positive tests by gold standard, or TP/TP+FN
Specificity, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: -Ability of a test to identify normality, or how many
results were correctly called negative.
- # of true negative divided by # of all negative tests by gold standard, or TN/TN+FP
Positive predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: -percentage of test results that
accurately predict abnormality, or what % correctly predicted disease.
- # of true positive test divided by # of all positive tests, or TP/TP+FP
Negative predictive value, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: - percentage of test results that
accurately predict normality, or what % correctly predicted absence of disease.
- # of true negatives divided by # of all negative tests, or TN/TN+FN
Accuracy, and how to calculate? Correct Answer: - % of correct tests, or how well does the test both
detect and rule out disease.
- total # of correct tests divided by total # of all tests, or TP+TN/TP+FP+FN+TN
, Brachiocephalic/ Innominate vien formed from confluence of? Correct Answer: Subclavien and Internal
jugular vein
Vascular disease more common in women? Correct Answer: Takayasu's arteritis-tennage to young
women more common.
FMD- younger women.
Celiac band syndrome- young athletic women.
Vascular disease more common in men? Correct Answer: Obliteritis angitis(bergers disease)- younger
<40 men, heavy smokers.
Popliteal artery entrapment syndrome- young athletic men.
Celiac artery supplies blood to what organs? Correct Answer: Stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, and
spleen.
Celiac artery branches into? Correct Answer: Left gastric, splenic, common hepatic arteries.
SMA supplies blood to what organs? Correct Answer: Small intestine, cecum, ascending colon, part of
transverse colon.
SMA location? Correct Answer: 1cm distal to celiac artery.
IMA supplies what organs? Correct Answer: Left half of transverse colon, the descending, iliac, and
sigmoid colon, and part of rectum
IMA arises from? Correct Answer: Distal abdominal aorta 3-4cm above aortic bifurcation and can act as
a collateral connection.
May-Thurner syndrome Correct Answer: Compression of left common iliac vein by the right common
iliac artery as the artery crosses over it, increases likelihood of left common iliac deep vein thrombosis.
Paget-Schroetter syndrome Correct Answer: -(Stress or effort thrombosis) thrombosis of subclavien or
axillary vein secondary to intense, repetitive activity.
-Associated with motion of upper extremity as seen with heavy lifting or strenuous throwing of a
baseball or football.
Nutcracker syndrome Correct Answer: Compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the
SMA.
Renal arteries supply what? Correct Answer: Kidneys, suprarenal glands, ureters.
Landmarks for renal artery and vein? Correct Answer: Left renal vein crosses the aorta anteriorly and is
superior to renal artery.
Right renal artery crosses posteriorly to IVC.
Two main categories for alternative diagnostic tests related to venous disease are? Correct Answer: 1.
Evaluation for possible venous thrombosis or venous reflux.
2. Evaluation of a pulmonary embolism (PE).
