Science Portion for ATI TEAS exam 2022
(Answered) 100%
Cell
Basic organizational unit of all living things
Membrane
All cells have this, comparable to a semi-permeable plastic bag
Phospholipid
A membrane containing a phosphate group in its molecule
Transport holes
Proteins that help certain molecules move in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm or cytosol
Fluid that fills the cell
Organelles
Groups of complex molecules that help the cell survive
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)
A polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil together to form a double
helix, Carries genetic instructions development growth and reproduction of all living
organisms
RNA
A nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA
A-sexual reproduction
Does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in number of chromosomes
Sexual reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to
produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Ribosomes
Involved in synthesizing proteins, make up about a quarter of the cell
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Contains ribosomes, produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function
Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus
functions to sort, modify, and package molecules that are made in other parts of the
cell. Located near the nucleus and consists of layers of membranes
Vacuoles
Sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal
Vesicle
Has a membrane and performs carrying functions, including moving material within a
cell
Cytoskeleton
Consists of microtubules that help shape and support the cell
Microtubules
Part of the cytoskeleton, help support the cell, made of protein
Cytosol
Mostly water, liquid material within the cell, contains some floating molecules
, Cell membrane or plasma membrane
Defines the cell by acting as a barrier. Determines what is allowed to enter and exit the
cell
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Contains no ribosomes on the surface, is a tubular network that comprises the transport
system of a cell
Mitochondrian
Performs various functions such as generating ATP, involved in cell growth and cell
death, aerobic respiration, cell energy, cell signaling, and cellular differentiation
Centrosome
Comprised of the pair of centrioles located at right angles and surrounded by protein,
involved in mitosis and the cell cycle
Centrioles
Cylinder shaped structures near the nucleus, involved in cellular division
Lysosome
Digests proteins lipids and carbs, also transports undigested substances to the cell
membrane
Cilia
Appendages extending from the surface of the cell, causes the cell to move
Flagella
Tail like structures on cells that uses whip like movements to help the cell move-similar
to cilia
Nucleus
Contains the chromosomes and regulates DNA of a cell responsible for passing on
genetic traits between generations
Chromosomes
Thread like rods of DNA
Chromatin
Consists of the DNA and protein that make up chromosomes
Nucleolus
Synthesizes and store RNA has no membrane and is involved in protein synthesis
Nuclear envelope
Encloses the structures of the nucleus consists of inner and out membranes made up of
lipids
Nuclear pores
Involved in the exchange of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm
Nucleoplasm
Liquid with in nucleus, similar to cytoplasm
Mitosis
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase
The cell prepares for division by replicating its genetic and cytoplasmic material
Prophase
Chromatic thickens into chromosomes and nuclear
Metaphase
Spindle moves to center of the cell and chromosome pairs align along spindle structure
(Answered) 100%
Cell
Basic organizational unit of all living things
Membrane
All cells have this, comparable to a semi-permeable plastic bag
Phospholipid
A membrane containing a phosphate group in its molecule
Transport holes
Proteins that help certain molecules move in and out of the cell
Cytoplasm or cytosol
Fluid that fills the cell
Organelles
Groups of complex molecules that help the cell survive
DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)
A polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil together to form a double
helix, Carries genetic instructions development growth and reproduction of all living
organisms
RNA
A nucleic acid present in all living cells that has structural similarities to DNA
A-sexual reproduction
Does not involve the fusion of gametes or change in number of chromosomes
Sexual reproduction
A reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to
produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
Ribosomes
Involved in synthesizing proteins, make up about a quarter of the cell
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Contains ribosomes, produces proteins for the rest of the cell to function
Golgi complex or Golgi apparatus
functions to sort, modify, and package molecules that are made in other parts of the
cell. Located near the nucleus and consists of layers of membranes
Vacuoles
Sacs used for storage, digestion, and waste removal
Vesicle
Has a membrane and performs carrying functions, including moving material within a
cell
Cytoskeleton
Consists of microtubules that help shape and support the cell
Microtubules
Part of the cytoskeleton, help support the cell, made of protein
Cytosol
Mostly water, liquid material within the cell, contains some floating molecules
, Cell membrane or plasma membrane
Defines the cell by acting as a barrier. Determines what is allowed to enter and exit the
cell
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Contains no ribosomes on the surface, is a tubular network that comprises the transport
system of a cell
Mitochondrian
Performs various functions such as generating ATP, involved in cell growth and cell
death, aerobic respiration, cell energy, cell signaling, and cellular differentiation
Centrosome
Comprised of the pair of centrioles located at right angles and surrounded by protein,
involved in mitosis and the cell cycle
Centrioles
Cylinder shaped structures near the nucleus, involved in cellular division
Lysosome
Digests proteins lipids and carbs, also transports undigested substances to the cell
membrane
Cilia
Appendages extending from the surface of the cell, causes the cell to move
Flagella
Tail like structures on cells that uses whip like movements to help the cell move-similar
to cilia
Nucleus
Contains the chromosomes and regulates DNA of a cell responsible for passing on
genetic traits between generations
Chromosomes
Thread like rods of DNA
Chromatin
Consists of the DNA and protein that make up chromosomes
Nucleolus
Synthesizes and store RNA has no membrane and is involved in protein synthesis
Nuclear envelope
Encloses the structures of the nucleus consists of inner and out membranes made up of
lipids
Nuclear pores
Involved in the exchange of material between the nucleus and cytoplasm
Nucleoplasm
Liquid with in nucleus, similar to cytoplasm
Mitosis
Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
Interphase
The cell prepares for division by replicating its genetic and cytoplasmic material
Prophase
Chromatic thickens into chromosomes and nuclear
Metaphase
Spindle moves to center of the cell and chromosome pairs align along spindle structure
