Davita PCT Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers)

Davita PCT Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers (2022/2023) (Verified Answers) Fluid pushed thru a semipermeable membrane Ultrafiltration Known as solute drag, solute move w/ water across the semipermeable membrane. kidneys remove waste this way Convection Movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane from high to low concentration Diffusion Fluid move from low to high solute concentration Osmosis 1) Fluid Balance (ultrafiltration) 2) Electrolyte balance (diffusion) 3) Acid/Base balance Kidneys excretory functions 1) Renin (angiotensin aldosterone system) 2) Erythropoiesis 3) Vitamin D & Calcium regulation Kidneys endocrine functions Function of Bicarbonate Maintains acid-base balance and help clean blood by functioning as the primary buffer in the body How do we replace excretory functions? Hemodialysis removes urea, salt, excess water from blood which normalizes electrolytes and metabolic acidosis Hormones replaced by medications such as Epogen, Iron, Antihypertensive (ACE inhibitors), Phosphate binders, Vitamins D, Calcimetric agents How we replace endocrine functions? 1) Edema & Pulmonary Edema 2) Hypertension 3) Chronic Heart Failure 4) Shortness of breath 5) Headaches Signs & symptoms of fluid imbalance Hypertension leads to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) Why is sodium balance important? Sodium holds onto water, thirst and blood pressure control 1) Extreme muscle weakness 2) Irregular heart rhythm (Brady) 3) Wide QRS 4) Cardia arrest