Summary Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates:
Condensation reaction: When two small molecules join to create a bigger
molecule called water

Hydrolysis reaction: When a water molecule breaks down to create two smaller
molecules

Carbohydrate formula: C x (H 2 O) y
Polysaccharides: Large molecules formed by many monosaccharides
Monosaccharides: Simple sugars
 Formula: (CH2O)n
 N can be between 3 and 7

Disaccharides: Two monosaccharides (double sugars)
Example of a monosaccharide is glucose
 C6H1206 – hexose sugars
 They are the main energy source and are very soluble for transportation in
cells



Alpha glucose: Beta
glucose:



Number
1 on
each

glucose structure is what
differentiates them.




 They combine and loose OH.
 This is an example of a
condensation reaction
 Whilst a 1-6 bond will create
branches