PALS - Written Test and Case Study Review Material WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

CPR Sequence C-A-B Circulation-Airway-Breathing Core Case Action Order (A,I,I) Assess Identify Intervene CBC (Assessment part 1 aka initial assessment) Consciousness Breathing Color ABCDE (Assessment part 2 aka primary assessment) Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure SAMPLE (Assessment part 3) S/Sx Allergies Medications Past medical hx Last meal/drink Events leading to situation Reversible Causes of Pediatric Cardiac Arrest (H&T's) 6 H's (G,K,T,V,X,DRO) 1. Hypo-Glycemia 2. Hypo/hyper-Kalemia 3. Hypo-Thermia 4. Hypo-Volemia 5. Hypo-Xia 6. HyDROgen ion (acidosis) Reversible Causes of Pediatric Cardiac Arrest (H&T's) 5 T's (A,E,HC,HP,O) 1. Tamponade, cardiac 2. Tension pneumothorax 3. Thrombosis, coronary 4. Thrombosis, pulmonary 5. Toxins UAO: Presentation, Causes, TX Stridor on inspiration, High pitched inspiration (Anaphylaxis, Croup, Foreign Body) Humid Oxygen, Neb Epi, Removal Croup presentation Tx O2 Racemic epinephrine (0.25mg/kg) Humidified epi (0.5 ml/kg/3cc's NS Core Case Resp 1: UAO (Anaphylaxis) Open airway Admin O2 100% non-rebreather, re-assess AED, Vitals (cardiac rhythm = sinus tachy) S/sx of UAO, resp distress TX: Epi IM, Steroids, CPAP Vascular access Prepare for intubation LAO: Presentation, Causes, TX Wheezing on expiration (Asthma, Bronchiolitis) Neb Albuterol, SQ Epi, Mag Sulf, Steroids Core Case Resp 2: LAO (Bronchiolitis or Asthma) Admin O2 100% non-rebreather after finishing neb tx, re-assess AED, Vitals (cardiac rhythm = sinus tachy) S/sx of LAO, resp distress Suction nose TX: Neb albuterol (2.5mg/3cc's NS), Non-invasive pos press vent (NIPPV), Steroids Vascular access, labs, ABGs, chest X-ray Prep for bag-mask vent, intubation