PHA 372 Practice of Pharmacy II: APhA Immunization Pre-Test & Self-Study Assessment with complete solution

Which of the following diseases has been successfully eradicated worldwide through vaccination efforts? a. Polio b. Tetanus c. Smallpox d. Rubella - ANSWER c. Smallpox In 2014, which vaccination rate was lowest among adolescents 13 through 17 years of age? a. Tdap b. MMR c. Meningococcal (MenACWY) d. HPV - ANSWER d. HPV What is meant by the term "immunization neighborhood"? – ANSWER Immunization stakeholders collaborate to meet community immunization needs. Which of the following statements is true regarding how vaccines evoke an immune response? a. T cells bind directly to the antigen contained in the vaccine and activate the humoral immune response. b. The antigen in the vaccine activates B cells, which produce antigen-specific antibodies and memory cells. c. When exposed to the vaccine, T cells mature into plasma cells and produce antigen-specific antibodies. d. B cells bind directly to the antigen contained in the vaccine and activate the cell-mediated immune response. – ANSWER b. The antigen in the vaccine activates B cells, which produce antigen-specific antibodies and memory cells. Jackie is a 34-year-old woman who received an influenza vaccine from you today. She wants to know how long it will take for the vaccine to begin working to protect her from getting the flu. What would be the most appropriate response to this patient? – ANSWER 14 days A health care provider who has not been vaccinated against hepatitis B is stuck by a contaminated needle after administering an immunization to a hepatitis B-positive patient. In addition to hepatitis B vaccine, the health care provider also should receive hepatitis B Immunoglobulin (HBIG) as postexposure prophylaxis because the HBIG provides: - ANSWER Prompt immunity Which of the following tetanus booster vaccines would be most appropriate for administration to a 12-year-old boy who has completed a primary series with DTaP and has no known allergies? a. DTaP b. DT c. Td d. Tdap - ANSWER d. Tdap. Arthus reactions, which are exaggerated local reactions that can occur if a patient is vaccinated too frequently, are most commonly reported after which vaccine? – ANSWER Tetanus and diphtheria toxoid-containing vaccines. According to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), which of the following would be considered adequate evidence of immunity to varicella, indicating that administration of varicella vaccine is unnecessary? a. Patient self-reported case of chickenpox. b. Patient self-reported case of herpes zoster. c. Birth in the United States after 1990. d. Diagnosis of chickenpox by a health care provider. - ANSWER d. Diagnosis of chickenpox by a health care provider. If a patient received the first dose of HepB but did not return for the remaining doses in the series, under what circumstances should the HepB series be restarted? – ANSWER The series should not be restarted; resume the series where it was interrupted. For a patient who needs to receive IIV and HZV, which of the following best describes appropriate administration of these vaccines? a. Administer IIV and wait 4 weeks before administering HZV. b. Administer these 2 vaccines at the same visit. c. Mix the 2 vaccines together in the same syringe before administration to minimize the number of injections. d. Administer the HZV now, then wait 3 months before administering IIV. - ANSWER b. Administer these 2 vaccines at the same visit. Which of the following is recognized by sociologists as a factor in a patient's decision whether to be vaccinated? a. History of medication use. b. History of chronic medical conditions. c. Influence of a health care provider. d. Discount coupon in local newspaper. - ANSWER c. Influence of a health care provider. Which of the following statements about pharmacy-based vaccination programs is true? a. Pharmacists in any state can administer a vaccine under a collaborative practice agreement. b. All states require pharmacists to have a signed standing order or protocol to administer vaccines. c. Administratively, billing for vaccines covered by Medicare Part D may be easier for pharmacists than physicians. d. Influenza vaccine programs are less likely to have initial high demand than other vaccine programs. - ANSWER c. Administratively, billing for vaccines covered by Medicare Part D may be easier for pharmacists than physicians. Which of the following is a requirement of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) Bloodborne Pathogens Standard? a. All persons employed by the pharmacy must be offered hepatitis A and hepatitis B vaccines. b. Health care providers must use safety devices when administering injectable vaccines. c. All needles should be clipped or recapped before placing in the biohazard container. d. All employees of the pharmacy must attend an OSHA training course every 5 years. - ANSWER b. Health care providers must use safety devices when administering injectable vaccines. If a vial of influenza vaccine is left out of the refrigerator on the pharmacy counter overnight, what should be done with the vaccine? a. Dispose of it as biohazardous waste immediately. b. Refrigerate immediately and use within 30 days. c. Mark "do not use," place in the refrigerator, and call the manufacturer for further guidance. d. Mark "do not use," place in the freezer, and call the manufacturer for further guidance. - ANSWER c. Mark "do not use," place in the refrigerator, and call the manufacturer for further guidance. Which disease is almost certain to cause death if infected patients do not receive postexposure prophylaxis? a. Hepatitis B b. Measles c. Meningococal disease d. Rabies - ANSWER d. Rabies HealthMap Vaccine Finder is a free online tool that allows pharmacists to: - ANSWER List their vaccination services so patients can find them when searching the website for nearby immunizers. Which of the following statements is true regarding varicella-containing vaccines? The potency of HZV is greater than that of varicella vaccine. b. The potency of varicella vaccine is greater than that of HZV. c. The potency of varicella vaccine is the same as HZV. d. The vaccines are interchangeable. - ANSWER a. The potency of HZV is greater than that of varicella vaccine. Alan is a 47-year-old man who has no documentation of a primary series of tetanus-containing vaccine. Which of the following would be an appropriate primary series for Alan? a. DTaP today; Td in 4 weeks; Td 6 months after the second dose. b. Tdap today; Tdap in 4 weeks; Tdap 6 months after the second dose. c. DTaP today; DTaP in 4 weeks, DTaP 6 months after the second dose. d. Tdap today; Td in 4 weeks; Td 6 months after the second dose. - ANSWER d. Tdap today; Td in 4 weeks; Td 6 months after the second dose. Kimberly is a 34 year-old woman who is 30 weeks pregnant. She received a Td booster dose 1 year ago when she cut her hand while working in the kitchen. She has no documentation of receiving a Tdap vaccine. The most appropriate recommendation would be to administer: - ANSWER Tdap as soon as possible. A 69 year-old man received Td vaccination 4 years ago. He is preparing to travel to see his newborn granddaughter next month. Which of the following vaccines containing tetanus, diphtheria, and/or pertussis would be most appropriate for him? a. Td b. Tdap c. He is over 64 years of age; neither Td or Tdap are recommended at this time. d. It is too soon to administer any tetanus-containing vaccines. - ANSWER b. Tdap A history of anaphylaxis caused by gelatin would be a contraindication to receiving which of the following vaccines? Varicella b. Tdap c. Pneumococcal d. Hepatitis B - ANSWER a. Varicella How is the live, cholera vaccine administered? – ANSWER Orally Which of the following diseases are transmitted through mosquito bites? a. Typhoid fever & Haemophilus influenzae type b. b. Hepatitis A and typhoid fever. c. Yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis. d. Hepatitis A and measles. - ANSWER c. Yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis. How often are the Healthy People targets for vaccination rates updated? – ANSWER Every 10 years Which of the following vaccines may be administered to boys and young men aged 9 through 26 years to reduce the likelihood of acquiring genital warts? a. Hepatitis A b. Hepatitis B c. VAR d. HPV9 - ANSWER d. HPV9 The childhood/adolescent and adult immunization schedules are updated and published annually during which months? – ANSWER January or February