Criminology & Justice unit 5 & 6 notes latest with summary (100% well enlightened)

Criminology & Justice unit 5 & 6 notes latest with summary (100% well enlightened) Unit 5& 6: Inside the Courtroom Lesson 21: The Role of Criminal Sentencing Lesson 22: The Role of Criminal Sentencing, continued Lesson 24: Sentencing Guidelines, continued Lesson 25: Reporting and Punishment Lesson 26: Reporting and Punishment, continued Lesson 27: Understanding the Death Penalty Lesson 21: The Role of Criminal Sentencing Key Terms Deterrence- the use of the threat of a reprisal or punishment to prevent something happening Incapacitation- the act of depriving criminals of the opportunity or ability to offend Parole- a period of supervision after early release from prison Probation- a period of court-ordered supervision as an alternative to incarceration Rehabilitation- an intervention that is meant to help a person return to being a productive member of society Restitution- the financial compensation of a victim for crime-related costs Retribution- the inflicting of vengeance; payback for wrongdoing Punishment Goal: Retribution ● Retribution has been part of written law for almost 4000 years ● In the 18th century BC, ancient Mesopotamians carved their legal code on a stone monument ● Their laws are called the Code of Hammurabi ● Modern law still reflects the idea that people should suffer painful consequences for harming others ○ With retribution, the value of punishing criminals is separate from the question of whether punishment prevents future crime-- the criminal simply deserves punishment ● Modern ideas of retribution suggest that the punishment should fit the severity of the crime