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PLS2607-Philosophy Of Science Study Guide ASSIGNMENTS With Questions Latest 2022.

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PLS2607-Philosophy Of Science Study Guide ASSIGNMENTS With Questions Latest 2022. Study Unit 1: Introduction to Philosophy of Science (1 week: 10 notional hours) Monday, 4th July – Friday, 8 th July 2022 Contents: • Defining “science” and “Philosophy of Science”. • Philosophy of Science’s historical development from Natural Philosophy. • The importance of a theory of science. • The nature and aims of Philosophy of Science. Outcomes: At the end of this study unit, you should be able to: • Clearly articulate the differences between social and natural science, and Philosophy of Science. • Explain the history of Philosophy of Science. • Identify the importance of a theory of science. • Explain the aims of the Philosophy of Science. Readings: The following readings are prescribed: • Study guide, Foreword, Aims, Activities & Assessment, and Study unit 1 (Introduction to Philosophy of Science). • Gale, G. 1979. “Introduction to Philosophy.”, pp. 5- 24, in: Theory of Science: An Introduction to the History, Logic, and Philosophy of Science. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company. (This text is available as an e-reserve.) • Study guide’s Glossary. Self-test: Answer the reflection questions at the end of Study unit 1 in the Study guide. questions will give you an idea of what you should expect in the examination. Do note, however, that examination questions will not be repeated from semester to semester. PLS2607/101/3/2022 19 Study Unit 2: Objectivity and value-free science (1 week: 10 notional hours) Monday, 11th July – Friday, 15th July 2022 Contents: • The scientist as “objective”. • The process of scientific reasoning. • Is objectivity possible in science? • The role of values in the process of scientific theory development. Outcomes: At the end of this study unit, you should be able to: • Consider the problem of science presented as objective knowledge. • Critically establish if a scientist can be objective. • Ascertain the importance of subjective factors in knowledge creation. • Explain the importance of values in the practise of science. Readings: The following readings are prescribed: • Study guide, Study unit 2 (Objectivity and value-free science). • Nozick, R. 2001. “The objectivity and rationality of science.”, pp. 287-307, in: J. Fetzer (ed.). Science, Explanation and Rationality: Aspects of the Philosophy of Carl G. Hempel. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (This text is available as an ereserve.) • Study guide’s Glossary. Self-test: Answer the reflection questions at the end of Study unit 2 in the Study guide. Study Unit 3: The Vienna Circle and Logical Positivism (2 weeks: 20 notional hours) Monday, 18th July – Friday, 29th July 2022 Contents: • Observation, Laws of Nature, and theory in scientific laws. • The Vienna Circle (Logical Positivism). • The two-language structure of scientific theories and 20 its critique. • Synthetic, analytic, a priori and a posteriori statements. • Realism and Instrumentalism. Outcomes: At the end of this study unit, you should be able to: • Describe the nature of observation and scientific laws. • Explain critically the Vienna Circle’s theory of Logical Positivism. • Be able to critically evaluate the two-language structure of scientific theories. • Illustrate and appraise the conflicting perspectives of realism and instrumentalism. Readings: The following readings are prescribed: • Study guide, Study unit 3 (The Vienna Circle and Logical Positivism). • Klee, R. 1997. “The Positivist Model of Scientific Theories.”, pp. 28-39, in: Introduction to the Philosophy of Science: Cutting Nature at Its Seams. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (This text is available as an e-reserve.) • Study guide’s Glossary. Self-test: Answer the reflection questions at the end of Study unit 3 in the Study guide. Study Unit 4: Induction, Popper and falsificationism (2 weeks: 20 notional hours) Monday, 1st August – Friday, 12th August 2022 Contents: • The history and process of inductive reasoning (Francis Bacon). • David Hume’s “Problem of Induction” and attempts to counter Hume (including Reichenbach). • Popperian Falsificationism (hypothetico-deductivism). • The demarcation of “science”. • A pattern for the testing of hypotheses and their “acceptance”. • Criticism of falsificationism. • A realist approach to induction. PLS2607/101/3/2022 21 Outcomes: At the end of this study unit, you should be able to: • Critically explain and evaluate inductivism and the problems associated with induction. • Elaborate critically on the attempts to vindicate induction. • Define and explain Popper’s theory of falsificationism. • Critically explore Popper’s theory, including the “demarcation problem”. • Understand the Popperian pattern for the testing and acceptance of an hypothesis. • Evaluate alternate solutions to the “problem of induction”. Readings: The following readings are prescribed: • Study guide, Study unit 4 (Induction, Popper and falsificationism). • O’Hear, A. 1989. “Falsification.”, pp. 35-53, in: Introduction to the Philosophy of Science. Oxford: Clarendon Press. (This text is available as an ereserve.) • Study guide’s Glossary.

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PLS2607/101/3/2022




Tutorial letter 101/3/2022

Philosophy of Science
PLS2607

Semesters 1 and 2


Department of Philosophy, Practical and
Systematic Theology
Discipline of Philosophy


This tutorial letter contains important information
about your module.

, CONTENTS


Page

1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 4
2 PURPOSE OF AND OUTCOMES FOR THE MODULE ........................................................................ 6
2.1 Purpose .............................................................................................................................................. 6
2.2 Outcomes ........................................................................................................................................... 6
3 CURRICULUM TRANSFORMATION.................................................................................................... 6
4 LECTURER(S) AND CONTACT DETAILS ........................................................................................... 7
4.1 Lecturer .............................................................................................................................................. 7
4.2 Contact details of the Discipline of Philosophy .................................................................................... 7
4.3 University............................................................................................................................................ 7
5 RESOURCES........................................................................................................................................ 8
5.1 Prescribed books ................................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 Recommended books ......................................................................................................................... 8
5.3 Electronic Reserves (e-Reserves) ...................................................................................................... 8
5.4 Library services and resources information......................................................................................... 9
6 STUDENT SUPPORT SERVICES FOR THE MODULE ........................................................................ 9
6.1 Study @ Unisa: .................................................................................................................................. 9
6.2 First-Year Experience Programme @ Unisa ..................................................................................... 10
7 STUDY PLAN ..................................................................................................................................... 10
8 ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................................................... 25
8.1 Assessment criteria .......................................................................................................................... 25
8.2 Assessment plan .............................................................................................................................. 29
8.3 Assignment due dates ...................................................................................................................... 29
8.4 Submission of assignments .............................................................................................................. 29
8.5 The assignment ................................................................................................................................ 30
8.6 The examination ............................................................................................................................... 30
8.6.1 Format of the examination ............................................................................................................. 30
8.6.2 Scope of the examination .............................................................................................................. 30
9 ACADEMIC DISHONESTY ................................................................................................................. 30
9.1 Plagiarism......................................................................................................................................... 30
9.2 Cheating ........................................................................................................................................... 31
9.3 More information about plagiarism can be downloaded on the link below ......................................... 31
10 STUDENT WITH DISABILITY ........................................................................................................... 31
11 FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ............................................................................................... 31
2

, PLS2607/101/3/2022

12 IN CLOSING ..................................................................................................................................... 32
ADDENDUM: REFERENCING FOR ASSIGNMENTS AND OTHER RESEARCH WORKS .................. 33
Introduction: ........................................................................................................................................... 33
What is Plagiarism? ................................................................................................................................ 33
How do I reference in text? ..................................................................................................................... 33
If you make use of an article from a written source: ................................................................................ 33
If you are using an article from a website:............................................................................................... 34
If you make use of more than one reference in your text from the same page, consecutively: ................ 35
How do I develop a List of Sources/Bibliography: ................................................................................... 35
Books with ONE author: ......................................................................................................................... 36
Books with TWO authors: ....................................................................................................................... 36
Books with MORE THAN TWO authors: ................................................................................................. 36
Books with ONE editor: .......................................................................................................................... 36
Books with TWO editors: ........................................................................................................................ 37
Books with MORE THAN TWO editors: .................................................................................................. 37
Composite works: ................................................................................................................................... 37
Unpublished works: ................................................................................................................................ 38
Sources retrieved from the Internet: ....................................................................................................... 38
Journal/Periodical Articles: ..................................................................................................................... 38




3

, Dear student,


1 INTRODUCTION

I am glad to welcome you to the Discipline of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy, Practical and
Systematic Theology, and specifically, to the study of this blended module, PLS2607: Philosophy of
Science. A blended module utilises both online and paper-based resources for teaching and learning.
We hope that you will enjoy the content, but more than that, that it will challenge your understanding of
science as you are stretched into Philosophical discourse.


PLS2607: Philosophy of Science is a demanding module, but it will enrich your life. Science is part of life,
and so, too, should reflection upon the phenomenon and practice of science, which is what we will
attempt to do in this module.


This tutorial letter sets out your programme of study for the semester (Semester 1 and Semester 2,
2022). It is a valuable document providing important information for planning your studies effectively.
You should read through this tutorial letter before doing anything else, familiarising yourself with the
module outline, the outcomes of the module, how the module is assessed, as well as other technical
issues.


The following additional tutorial matter is also available for download on myUnisa:
• Tutorial Letter 301 (WYSALLB) and
• Study guide for PLS2607 (Philosophy of Science).


To cope with the module content, proper planning is essential for successful completion of the module
Philosophy of Science. The syllabus is divided into a number of topics, each with a central theme. While
we do provide you with a study programme, you may find it more useful to create your own study
programme better suited to your unique situation. Either way, the use of a study programme is essential
and is to be encouraged.


A gentle reminder, however, organise your study programme in such a way that you have enough time
to prepare for the take home examination.


As with all modules offered by the Discipline of Philosophy at undergraduate level, Philosophy of
Science has been semesterised, and so the following apply:


• Study periods for Semester 1, 2022 begin with reception of your study material following registration,
and conclude with examinations in May/June 2022, while Semester 2, 2022 is examined in
October/November 2022.
4

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