Human Growth and Development Final Exam Q&A With Complete solution

Changes in emotion, self-perception, and interpersonal relationships with families, peers, and friends are part of the __________ domain. - ANSWER Psychosocial Changes in intelligence, wisdom, perception, problem-solving, memory, and language are part of the ________ domain. - ANSWER Cognitive Changes in height and weight, sensory capabilities, the nervous system, and the propensity for disease and illness are part of the ___________ domain. - ANSWER Physical Appreciating cultural differences and understanding that cultural practices are best understood from the standpoint of that particular culture is called - ANSWER Cultural relativity The number of years since your birth is your: - ANSWER Chronological age Our cognitive capacity, adaptability, and emotional beliefs about aging are part of our: - ANSWER Psychological age Someone who is 70 years old would be classified as: - ANSWER Young-old The question of whether biological or environmental factors are stronger influences on our development is the debate called: - ANSWER Nature vs. nurture The question of whether humans play an active role in shaping their development or are at the mercy of uncontrollable forces is the debate called: - ANSWER Active vs. passive Which of the following statements about Freud's theory of development is FALSE? - ANSWER It has been thoroughly tested scientifically and found to be valid According to Erikson's theory, successful development involves: - ANSWER Dealing with and resolving the goals and demands of psychosocial crises in a positive way A key idea of behaviorism is that because _____________ can't be objectively studied, psychologists should limit their attention to the study of observable behavior. - ANSWER the mind Bandura's studies with the "Bobo doll" indicated that: - ANSWER All of the above During Piaget's formal operational stage, the primary skill obtained by the child is: - ANSWER Think systematically and reason about abstract concepts like ethics In Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory, the chronosystem represents the: - ANSWER historical context in which our experiences occur Research designed to discover relationships among variables and to allow the prediction of future events from present knowledge is called: - ANSWER correlation Dr. Smartypants designs a research study in which she recruits a group of 60-year-olds, a group of 70-year-olds, and a group of 80-year-olds and interviews them about their health status every 5 years over time. What kind of study has she done? - ANSWER Sequential Although we inherit all of our genetic material from our parents, not all of the possible features are expressed. The features that are actually expressed constitutes that person's: - ANSWER phenotype Monozygotic twins are formed when: - ANSWER A fertilized egg splits apart during the first two weeks of development Who is at greater risk for sex-linked disorders due to a recessive gene? - ANSWER Males because they have only one X chromosome Common reasons for seeking genetic counseling are: - ANSWER all of the above Environmental factors, such as nutrition, stress, and teratogens, are thought to change gene expression by switching genes on and off. These gene changes can then be inherited by daughter cells and affect genetic expression as people age. The study of these changes is called: - ANSWER epigenetics The first chance of survival outside the womb, known as the age of ___________, is reached at about 24 weeks gestational age. - ANSWER viability The primary way that smoking tobacco affects prenatal development is by: - ANSWER Reducing the amount of oxygen available to the fetus Which of the following emotional states is NOT mentioned in your book as a cause of problems during prenatal development? - ANSWER Schizophrenia The ___________ is a test in which a needle is used to withdraw a small amount of amniotic fluid and cells from the sac surrounding the fetus and later tested. - ANSWER Amniocentesis ___________ is a complication of pregnancy in which the fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus. - ANSWER Ectopic pregnancy The first stage of labor involves: - ANSWER Uterine contractions that increase in duration and frequency The second stage of labor involves: - ANSWER Passage of the baby through the birth canal The third stage of labor involves: - ANSWER Delivery of the placenta Which term refers to the brain's ability to change, both physically and chemically, to enhance its adaptability to environmental change and compensate for injury? - ANSWER neuroplasticity Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is identified when: - ANSWER The death of a healthy infant occurs suddenly and unexpectedly, and medical and forensic investigation findings (including an autopsy) are inconclusive Reflexes are useful because they: - ANSWER All of the above Using a spoon is an example of a ________ motor skill. - ANSWER fine Which of the following senses appears to be least developed at birth? - ANSWER vision Newborns can distinguish between sour, bitter, sweet, and salty flavors and show a preference for_________ flavors. - ANSWER sweet According to your textbook, which of the following is NOT a sign that an infant is ready for solid foods? - ANSWER Has de