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Psychology Notes - Learning and Memory

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Psychology Notes - Learning and Memory

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, Classical conditioning responses elicited stimulus
°
that are naturally by some .




involuntary
°


usually involves some / reflex behaviour .




°


reflex simple , unlearned response .




°



governed by the nervous system .




'


occurs automatically in the presence of a stimulus .




Pavlov The discovery of accidental
°

Ivan CC was .





wanted to study the role of saliva in digestion .




rerouted


saliva ducts to test tubes so measurements can be taken .




↳ before
dogs would fill tubes food was presented .




anticipated food &




dogs at the sight of the lab tech drooled .




key ter m learned
Key ter ms

\
"
-
Unconditioned stimulus conditioned simply means learned
\

neutral stimulus


conditioned stimulus

\
unconditioned response


conditioned response




during &
:
Classical conditioning before after conditioning
°



phases ,




end result
-

results in the involuntary association between one thing ( neutral stimulus ) & another thing
( unconditioned stimulus ) to produce a response ( conditioned response ) .




°

neutral stimulus the stimulus presented that has no noticeable or relevant effect

unconditioned stimulus stimulus consistently produces
.




Any that a
response .




Unconditioned response
'

A response which occurs involuntarily when the unconditioned stimulus is presented .




before conditioning .

the UCS is presented & an UCR is produced


eg .
food cues ) is presented to a dog & produces a salivation ( UCR ) response .




conditioning the unconditioned stimulus repeatedly paired with the neutral
.




during is stimulus


eg . the UCS ( food ) is paired with the neutral stimulus ( bell ) to produce salivation ( UCR ) .




-




The
NS has to be presented 42 Seconds before the UCS .




°


After conditioning After repeated pairings ( conditioning ) the person associates NS with the UCS which produces CS .




( n ow CR )
°


Eventually the person comes to produce the UCR w/ 0 the UC ) .




-




the NS become ] CS it CR
a a] now produces a .





eg .
NS C) Bell CR salivation .




&
'




Stimulus Discrimination Occurs when subject only respond ) to C) not similar stimuli .




Stimulus Generalisation when similar stimulus produces the CR
.




a .




UCS present
Extinction gradual in CR is
'




decrease when no longer .




Recovery Occurs reintroduced
.




when CS is
Spontaneous .

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Written in
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