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Summary Attachment AQA A level Psychology $5.84   Add to cart

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Summary Attachment AQA A level Psychology

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All the description and evaluation needed for attachment, AQA Psychology A-Level Topics include: Caregiver-infant Interactions - (reciprocity and interactional synchrony) The role of the father - (incl. primary vs secondary caregivers) Stages of Attachment, Schaffer and Emerson - (in...

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  • August 3, 2022
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  • 2022/2023
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Available practice questions

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Some examples from this set of practice questions

1.

Define reciprocity

Answer: An early + basic form of conversation involving turn-taking between the infant and caregiver. Infant demonstrates behaviour such as smiling and waving.

2.

What were the conclusions of Tronick\'s research into reciprocity?

Answer: Occasional disconnects in reciprocity are beneficial for development. Continual disconnects can have a long-term negative effect on an infant’s social emotional and intellectual development

3.

Define interactional synchrony

Answer: When two people interact in a mirror pattern with similar facial + body movements and emotions

4.

What were the conclusions of Metzoff and Moor\'s research into interactional synchrony?

Answer: The ability to imitate serves a purpose and is an important building block for later development

5.

What are possible evaluation points for research into caregiver-infant interactions? (reciprocity and interactional synchrony)

Answer: Well controlled, high internal validity, able to be repeated Demand characteristics may lead to the mother changing her behaviour - low ecological validity Both reciprocity and interactional synchrony seem to correlate with greater development - Heimann\'s research It is hard to be sure of the intention behind a baby\'s actions

6.

What were the results of Schaffer and Emerson\'s research into the role of the father?

Answer: The majority of babies became attached to the mother first (she was the primary attachment). Within a week a secondary attachment was made. By 18 months, 75% of infants had formed an attachment with the father.

7.

What were the conclusions of Grossman\'s research into the role of the father?

Answer: The results suggested that attachment to the father was less important, and was mostly important for play + stimulation, rather than nurturing.

8.

What were the results of Field\'s study into the role of the father?

Answer: Fathers who were the primary caregiver interacted with their children to the same extent as mothers who were primary caregivers.

9.

What are possible evaluation points for research into the role of the father?

Answer: Differences between the role of the mother and the father can be explained through both biological and social realities - stereotypes and female hormones Inconsistent findings - some studies suggest that the father has a distinct role, others suggest that he can take on a more \'maternal\' role MacCallum and Golombok found that children in single-parent/same-sex parent families didn\'t develop differently to those in two-parent, heterosexual families. Parenting roles may not be defined by gender.

10.

What is the first stage of attachment? (Schaffer and Emerson)

Answer: Pre-attachment/Asocial - First few weeks Baby is recognising + forming bonds with its carers. Behaviour towards humans + inanimate objects is similar. Some show preference for familiar adults in that they find it easier to calm them. Babies are happy in the presence of other humans

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