1. ⑧ emerald
Physios E.
Tlhherrmmaaltphhyysies Brownian : Random molecular bombardm
ruler >
length Motion
measuring cylinder > volume Thermometers :
clocks ditigal & analogue > time
,
Range : lowest
◦
c to
highest
◦
c ( 9- length
Micrometer screw gauge > small distance
sensitivity : amount of visible change each %
small distance ( measure multiples )
Responsiveness : how
quickly it responds ( ↑ th
d
m
my Linearity : each % is equally space ( cons
Mls V -
U
s t s m / S2
a t s
" " " "" "" "" " "" ""
total distance ( m ) "
average speed =
-
exerting a force
( mis ) total time Cs )
a
Evaporation Mosk KE molecules evaporate iron
Thermocouple
: •
: v
speed → " PP "
time rate at which an object Lower KE cools down effect
stay
.
-
high temp
-
is hot
moving along cooling body i n> sweat ( reduces heat )
junction
cold
vary rapidly junctio
-
Velocity → rate and direction of an object 's movement
Pa -
PIV =
P2 V2 m3 : constant temp
Deceleration → negative acceleration Acceleration of freefall =
10m15 '
Thermistor : resistor that varies with tem
Newton 's first Law :
NO resultant force Terminal speed Vit constant pressure Thermometer :
liquid in
glass thermomete
steady speed by
= :
if freefall
→
stationary stay stationary .
Pat : constant volume Fixed point → 0°C and 100°C
→ if moving constant / steady speed
,
air resistance =
weight
↑ internal → ↑
temperature Thermal heat needed to
weight :
the effect of a gravitational field on a mass energy capacity :
chan
kg Thermal capacity of body heat to raise :
of an
object by 1°
Mass → amount of mass ( never change ) ion , Thermal
N
w
,,g the temp
=
me
mg by degree capacity
=
one
Density :
/ cm } 1<9 Evaporation Boiling
kg m
Force :
change shape Specific heat
capacity : heat needed to
ch
( rho ) P= v cm
} -
any temp
-
entire timid of substance
change speed slow
a
b
rapidly
- -
↑ kg
irregular density sink
change direction
-
← solid '
☐ happen it's own need external heat J
Energy
-
displace water most
-
on
↳ floats
=
density
-
only surface temp constant
JIkg°c s°c
- -
Newton 's second Law Friction force between surfaces /
§É e¥¥Er Formsotenergy(Jou#N
" : two
kg as motion
heating Melting point : solid
\
F =
Ma • Kinetic due to ( all have it ) Latent heat of fusion
M "" Resultant force to the energy →
energy motion
moving object
N
✓
' Potential has shapes
mass ( ✗ g) middle → circular motion Energy → as it changed position .
or state
Bo
E- Gravitational Potential towards the centre of Earth
Hooke 's Law =
Terminal velocity :
'
Energy
→
falling the Lat
air resistance friction . Elastic potential energy → stretched and compressed
.EE
=
extension is proportional to load limit of
F Proportionality .
Chemical potential → burns fuel energy stored ^
= k×
É energy ,
N Pressure : Pa F-
, '
f. ✗
'
③ V constant
☒ 8$ transfer
transferring Reflection Light virtual upright size
'
> without matter 1.
"
: same
• •
energy
•
°
?
~ .
"
incident
Transverse
%
.µ^ᵗ,%"↑"¥i
wave particle oscillate up and down reflected
-
wave
-
: -
>>
;
i
-1
,
direction ,
r
Perpend " " " +◦ +he waved " """ " ÷
direction
(✗
inavelength % cream
i :
angle of incidence
, , , ,
,
, , , , ,
µ
4
µ
of
equilibrium position
r :
angle reflection
Normal
"
¥
>>
line
i=r
slight wave
ray
<
Refraction
amplitude through 2.
☐
: direction
ˢ
change as speed change , × , ,, ,
Refractive inde
Deep shallow speed of light
longitudinal wave : wave particle oscillate back & forward
LENS
n=
parallel to the wave direction "
V faster slower speed in
principle
^
>
¥
" > >
R C R C R
> ✗ longer shorter
>
- i --
Principle
. . - - -- - - - i - - ' [
0 larger smaller >
axis
f. enlarge or d
✗
parallel to
upright
|'|"° #i=°
or
compression :
particle are close tgt principle axis
" ""d " "" " "" " °" """
9 > real "
rare fraction :
particle are further apart r= 0 the normal >
frequency (f) Hz : number of revolution per unit time
>
,
¥ object
^
'
( T ) 3) Diffraction >
period : time taken for one revolution : wave
passing a
gap
>
I 1
edge effect
)
s ' '
zf f
µ
,
✓ =
, ,
gap
≈ , , , ,
µ,µµ , ,
,
image
H' real
◦
" "
/s
'a
M "
wave M 2
-1 larger
'
f
'
,
zf f 2f
> gap gap >
•
inverted
generator ) 1-
✓
glass tank
.
=
real inverted
-
• ,
me ,
1
•
i
diffract , ,
_
less
//
, '
deminished
,
◦
% ' ' ↑ ( Flat, straight front )
←
¥8k
wave
× plane wave
white Stroboscope / Prism """
E
paper different refractive Radio
'
Inf
""" *w n*n""""""ⁿ"""""
← wave crowave
" ( RW ) ( Mw )
SOUND ( require medium ) index ( same medium )
→
by vibrating sources
"
•
communication •
satellite •
Infrasound Audible Sound Ultrasound / Ultrasonic sound → having ultrasonic
frequency monochromatic light communication
c
•
'
i i' i used in medical imaging ↳
c
has frequency
only one
cooking R
•
•
20 HE
20,000 Hz ""
0¥
""" co
•
burn skin
T2N
f
s
loudness → amplitude -11 > clap >
speed of sound in solid ( metal ) 5000 Mls
↓W
( water )
÷÷!÷!÷÷÷ • .= n ;☐'.. .. n""
"
"
t
" '
2 ,
Liquid 1500 Mls
-12
/ I
lowest frequency
,,
>
number A
proton = electron ✗
°
Fission reaction [ a
larger nucleus breaks into 2 smaller nuclei ] and release energ
2
atomic mass / nucleon number proton >
Fusion reaction [ smaller nuclei fuse nucleus ] and release energy
larger
°
a .
into one
number
Physios E.
Tlhherrmmaaltphhyysies Brownian : Random molecular bombardm
ruler >
length Motion
measuring cylinder > volume Thermometers :
clocks ditigal & analogue > time
,
Range : lowest
◦
c to
highest
◦
c ( 9- length
Micrometer screw gauge > small distance
sensitivity : amount of visible change each %
small distance ( measure multiples )
Responsiveness : how
quickly it responds ( ↑ th
d
m
my Linearity : each % is equally space ( cons
Mls V -
U
s t s m / S2
a t s
" " " "" "" "" " "" ""
total distance ( m ) "
average speed =
-
exerting a force
( mis ) total time Cs )
a
Evaporation Mosk KE molecules evaporate iron
Thermocouple
: •
: v
speed → " PP "
time rate at which an object Lower KE cools down effect
stay
.
-
high temp
-
is hot
moving along cooling body i n> sweat ( reduces heat )
junction
cold
vary rapidly junctio
-
Velocity → rate and direction of an object 's movement
Pa -
PIV =
P2 V2 m3 : constant temp
Deceleration → negative acceleration Acceleration of freefall =
10m15 '
Thermistor : resistor that varies with tem
Newton 's first Law :
NO resultant force Terminal speed Vit constant pressure Thermometer :
liquid in
glass thermomete
steady speed by
= :
if freefall
→
stationary stay stationary .
Pat : constant volume Fixed point → 0°C and 100°C
→ if moving constant / steady speed
,
air resistance =
weight
↑ internal → ↑
temperature Thermal heat needed to
weight :
the effect of a gravitational field on a mass energy capacity :
chan
kg Thermal capacity of body heat to raise :
of an
object by 1°
Mass → amount of mass ( never change ) ion , Thermal
N
w
,,g the temp
=
me
mg by degree capacity
=
one
Density :
/ cm } 1<9 Evaporation Boiling
kg m
Force :
change shape Specific heat
capacity : heat needed to
ch
( rho ) P= v cm
} -
any temp
-
entire timid of substance
change speed slow
a
b
rapidly
- -
↑ kg
irregular density sink
change direction
-
← solid '
☐ happen it's own need external heat J
Energy
-
displace water most
-
on
↳ floats
=
density
-
only surface temp constant
JIkg°c s°c
- -
Newton 's second Law Friction force between surfaces /
§É e¥¥Er Formsotenergy(Jou#N
" : two
kg as motion
heating Melting point : solid
\
F =
Ma • Kinetic due to ( all have it ) Latent heat of fusion
M "" Resultant force to the energy →
energy motion
moving object
N
✓
' Potential has shapes
mass ( ✗ g) middle → circular motion Energy → as it changed position .
or state
Bo
E- Gravitational Potential towards the centre of Earth
Hooke 's Law =
Terminal velocity :
'
Energy
→
falling the Lat
air resistance friction . Elastic potential energy → stretched and compressed
.EE
=
extension is proportional to load limit of
F Proportionality .
Chemical potential → burns fuel energy stored ^
= k×
É energy ,
N Pressure : Pa F-
, '
f. ✗
'
③ V constant
☒ 8$ transfer
transferring Reflection Light virtual upright size
'
> without matter 1.
"
: same
• •
energy
•
°
?
~ .
"
incident
Transverse
%
.µ^ᵗ,%"↑"¥i
wave particle oscillate up and down reflected
-
wave
-
: -
>>
;
i
-1
,
direction ,
r
Perpend " " " +◦ +he waved " """ " ÷
direction
(✗
inavelength % cream
i :
angle of incidence
, , , ,
,
, , , , ,
µ
4
µ
of
equilibrium position
r :
angle reflection
Normal
"
¥
>>
line
i=r
slight wave
ray
<
Refraction
amplitude through 2.
☐
: direction
ˢ
change as speed change , × , ,, ,
Refractive inde
Deep shallow speed of light
longitudinal wave : wave particle oscillate back & forward
LENS
n=
parallel to the wave direction "
V faster slower speed in
principle
^
>
¥
" > >
R C R C R
> ✗ longer shorter
>
- i --
Principle
. . - - -- - - - i - - ' [
0 larger smaller >
axis
f. enlarge or d
✗
parallel to
upright
|'|"° #i=°
or
compression :
particle are close tgt principle axis
" ""d " "" " "" " °" """
9 > real "
rare fraction :
particle are further apart r= 0 the normal >
frequency (f) Hz : number of revolution per unit time
>
,
¥ object
^
'
( T ) 3) Diffraction >
period : time taken for one revolution : wave
passing a
gap
>
I 1
edge effect
)
s ' '
zf f
µ
,
✓ =
, ,
gap
≈ , , , ,
µ,µµ , ,
,
image
H' real
◦
" "
/s
'a
M "
wave M 2
-1 larger
'
f
'
,
zf f 2f
> gap gap >
•
inverted
generator ) 1-
✓
glass tank
.
=
real inverted
-
• ,
me ,
1
•
i
diffract , ,
_
less
//
, '
deminished
,
◦
% ' ' ↑ ( Flat, straight front )
←
¥8k
wave
× plane wave
white Stroboscope / Prism """
E
paper different refractive Radio
'
Inf
""" *w n*n""""""ⁿ"""""
← wave crowave
" ( RW ) ( Mw )
SOUND ( require medium ) index ( same medium )
→
by vibrating sources
"
•
communication •
satellite •
Infrasound Audible Sound Ultrasound / Ultrasonic sound → having ultrasonic
frequency monochromatic light communication
c
•
'
i i' i used in medical imaging ↳
c
has frequency
only one
cooking R
•
•
20 HE
20,000 Hz ""
0¥
""" co
•
burn skin
T2N
f
s
loudness → amplitude -11 > clap >
speed of sound in solid ( metal ) 5000 Mls
↓W
( water )
÷÷!÷!÷÷÷ • .= n ;☐'.. .. n""
"
"
t
" '
2 ,
Liquid 1500 Mls
-12
/ I
lowest frequency
,,
>
number A
proton = electron ✗
°
Fission reaction [ a
larger nucleus breaks into 2 smaller nuclei ] and release energ
2
atomic mass / nucleon number proton >
Fusion reaction [ smaller nuclei fuse nucleus ] and release energy
larger
°
a .
into one
number
