1. The Genesis of the Ideology of Emancipation: 1806-1840 - D. Sorkin 01/01/1987
Gives an idea of the ideology of the Jewish minority. More theoretical. Talks about the difference
between the French and German Jews, and the difference between emancipation between the two
places. Argues that the French Jews had more than the Germans once did.
2. Friendship on the Margins: Jewish Social Relations in Imperial Germany - Marion
Kaplan 12/2001
About social integration of Jews in society. Talks of practical terms, like intermarriage.
What did emancipation mean and how did it work in practise?
Number 1) defines emancipation. Says that emancipation was the achievement of civic and political
equality. There was a setup of a ‘Westphalian Consistory’ to help emancipate the Jews in the areas
once under Napoleon. This did not last long. In germany it did not act very well, but in france it was
considered that jews did reach this.
Number 2) says that emancipation was around the 1780’s. they had to develop an ideology for what
they would achieve. In practise, jews as a group weren’t seen as being on the same level as everyone
else, but individual jews had greater freedoms. This happened more in rural environments that
urban ones, eg intermarriages. Particularly jews were middle classes: grocerants, shop owners,
tailors. People would go to the same pub or inn as jews would, and spend some hours together. Jews
lived in two worlds, or had two separate lives- friends and their more formal, work relations. The
aristocracy did not really mix with jews. Parts of society like universities would not accepts jews.
There were more informal clubs which accepted jews like hiking clubs.
How did the experience of jewish integration vary within and between different European countries?
Jews in germany had a level of integration, but in Russia this was less smooth. Lots of anti jewish
pogroms occurred, mainly during times of financial difficulty. Jews were the scapegoats for the
failings of the Russian government.
Gives an idea of the ideology of the Jewish minority. More theoretical. Talks about the difference
between the French and German Jews, and the difference between emancipation between the two
places. Argues that the French Jews had more than the Germans once did.
2. Friendship on the Margins: Jewish Social Relations in Imperial Germany - Marion
Kaplan 12/2001
About social integration of Jews in society. Talks of practical terms, like intermarriage.
What did emancipation mean and how did it work in practise?
Number 1) defines emancipation. Says that emancipation was the achievement of civic and political
equality. There was a setup of a ‘Westphalian Consistory’ to help emancipate the Jews in the areas
once under Napoleon. This did not last long. In germany it did not act very well, but in france it was
considered that jews did reach this.
Number 2) says that emancipation was around the 1780’s. they had to develop an ideology for what
they would achieve. In practise, jews as a group weren’t seen as being on the same level as everyone
else, but individual jews had greater freedoms. This happened more in rural environments that
urban ones, eg intermarriages. Particularly jews were middle classes: grocerants, shop owners,
tailors. People would go to the same pub or inn as jews would, and spend some hours together. Jews
lived in two worlds, or had two separate lives- friends and their more formal, work relations. The
aristocracy did not really mix with jews. Parts of society like universities would not accepts jews.
There were more informal clubs which accepted jews like hiking clubs.
How did the experience of jewish integration vary within and between different European countries?
Jews in germany had a level of integration, but in Russia this was less smooth. Lots of anti jewish
pogroms occurred, mainly during times of financial difficulty. Jews were the scapegoats for the
failings of the Russian government.
