NR 507 WEEK 6 QUIZ – QUESTION AND ANSWERS

NR 507 WEEK 6 QUIZ – QUESTION AND ANSWERS Question 1 2 / 2 pts _____ is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Fibromyalgia Ankylosing spondylitis Paget disease You Answered Rheumatoid arthritis Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (spondyloarthritis) is a chronic, inflammatory joint disease characterized by stiffening and fusion (ankylosis) of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Question 2 2 / 2 pts Considering the pathophysiology of osteoporosis, what are the effects of extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERKs) and receptor activator of RANKL on osteoblasts and osteoclasts? Correct! ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoclasts and decrease the life span of osteoblasts. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoblasts and decrease the life span of osteoclasts. ERKs increase the life span of osteoclasts and RANKL decreases the life span of osteoblasts. ERKs increase the life span of osteoblasts and RANKL decreases the life span of osteoclasts. In addition to ERKs, RANKL is required for the antiapoptotic and thus longer life span of osteoclasts. These effects increase the life span of osteoclasts (i.e., longer bone resorbing) and shorten the life span of the bone-forming cells, or osteoblasts. Question 3 2 / 2 pts Rhabdomyolysis is characterized by lysis of skeletal muscle cells through the initiation of the complement cascade. paralysis of skeletal muscles resulting from impaired nerve supply. smooth muscle degeneration resulting from ischemia. Correct! release of myoglobin from damaged striated muscle cells. Muscle cell damage releases the myoglobin. Question 4 2 / 2 pts A(n) _____ fracture is a fracture at a site of a preexisting bone abnormality, usually by a force that would not normally cause a fracture. incomplete idiopathic Correct! pathologic greenstick A pathologic fracture is a break at the site of a preexisting abnormality, usually by force that would not fracture a normal bone. Question 5 2 / 2 pts Which disorder is characterized by the formation of abnormal new bone at an accelerated rate beginning with excessive resorption of spongy bone? Osteosarcoma Correct! Paget disease Osteomalacia Osteoporosis Paget disease (osteitis deformans) is a state of increased metabolic activity in bone characterized by abnormal and excessive bone remodeling, both resorption and formation. Chronic accelerated remodeling eventually enlarges and softens the affected bones. Question 6 2 / 2 pts By the time osteoporosis is visible on x-ray, up to ____% of bone has been lost. 60 50 Correct! 30 40 Generally, osteoporosis is detected radiographically as increased radiolucency of bone. By the time abnormalities are detected by x-ray examination, as much as 25% to 30% of bone tissue may have been lost. Question 7 2 / 2 pts What pattern of bone destruction is described as not well defined and not easily separated from normal bone? You Answered Permeative Moth-eaten Porous Geographic Moth-eaten destruction is described as not well defined and not easily separated from normal bone. Question 8 2 / 2 pts The pain experienced in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is referred to as involving knees, inner thighs, and groin and is described as a continuous ache and relieved by anti-inflammatory drugs. elbows and upper and lower arms and is described as a continuous ache and relieved by anti-inflammatory drugs. elbows and upper and lower arms that is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest. Correct! knees, inner thighs, and groin that is aggravated by activity and relieved by rest. The child often complains of a limp or pain for several months. The pain usually is referred to the knee, inner thigh, and groin, following the path of the obturator nerve. In some children, pain may be absent or minimal. If pain is present, it is usually aggravated by activity and relieved by rest. Question 9 2 / 2 pts Ewing sarcoma arises from embryonal osteocytes. Correct! bone marrow. bone-producing mesenchymal cells. metadiaphysis of long bones. Arising from bone marrow, Ewing sarcoma can break through the cortex of the bone to form a soft-tissue mass. Question 10 2 / 2 pts Molecular analysis has demonstrated that osteosarcoma is associated with TSC2. TP53. myc. Correct! src. The oncogene src also has been associated with osteosarcoma.