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Samenvatting pathologie

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In dit document is alle leerstof van het onderdeel pathologie samengevat. Dit is een onderdeel van het vak bewegen screenen en begeleiden.

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Uploaded on
June 30, 2022
Number of pages
55
Written in
2021/2022
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Pathologie:

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Table of Contents
Hoofdstuk 1: theorie bewegingsscreening.............................................................................................3
Hoofdstuk 2: inspectie............................................................................................................................6
Bovenste lidmaat:...............................................................................................................................6
Onderste lidmaat:...............................................................................................................................7
Wervelzuil:..........................................................................................................................................8
Besluit:................................................................................................................................................8
Hoofdstuk 3: wervelzuilproblematiek.....................................................................................................8
Anatomie en functie:..........................................................................................................................8
Epidemiologie:....................................................................................................................................9
Diagnose:..........................................................................................................................................10
Artikel:..............................................................................................................................................11
De ideale houding:............................................................................................................................11
Bikefitting:........................................................................................................................................11
Hoofdstuk 4: acute letsels....................................................................................................................12
Fracturen:.........................................................................................................................................12
Ligamentaire letsels:.........................................................................................................................14
Meniscus letsel:................................................................................................................................16
Spierkrampen:..................................................................................................................................17
Hoofdstuk 5: overbelastingsletsel onderlichaam..................................................................................19
Botklachten:.....................................................................................................................................19
Kraakbeenletsels:.............................................................................................................................21
ITBFS= iliotibiale band frictie syndroom:..........................................................................................25
Heuppijn:..........................................................................................................................................25
Liespijn:.............................................................................................................................................25
Hoofdstuk 6: pijnfysiologie – acute en chronische pijn........................................................................26
Wat is pijn?.......................................................................................................................................26
Pijnfysiologie:...................................................................................................................................27
Acute pijn en weefselschade:...........................................................................................................27
Coping:.............................................................................................................................................29
Hoofdstuk 7: overbelastingsletsel bovenlichaam.................................................................................29
Anatomie schouder:.........................................................................................................................29
Schouder impingement:...................................................................................................................30
Frozen shoulder:...............................................................................................................................30

1

, Extensor tendinopathie:...................................................................................................................31
flexor tendinopathie:........................................................................................................................31
hoofdstuk 8: peesaandoeningen..........................................................................................................32
Structuur en functie:.........................................................................................................................32
Terminologie:...................................................................................................................................32
Belasting vs. belastbaarheid van de pees:........................................................................................33
Artikel: 10 dingen die je niet mag doen als je pijn hebt aan een pees in het onderste lidmaat........35
Behandeling:.....................................................................................................................................36
Tips voor de trainer:.........................................................................................................................37
Hoofdstuk 9: specifieke sportletsels bij opgroeiende jongeren............................................................37
Wat maakt jeugdatleten zo uniek:....................................................................................................37
Acute letsels:....................................................................................................................................38
Chronische letsels:............................................................................................................................40
Conclussie:........................................................................................................................................41
Hoofdstuk 10: knie dominantie vs. Heup dominant.............................................................................42
Correct bewegen:.............................................................................................................................42
Hoe analyseren en meten:................................................................................................................42
Spierwerk:.........................................................................................................................................43
Squat:...............................................................................................................................................44
Lunge:...............................................................................................................................................44
Pathologie:........................................................................................................................................44
Praktische richtlijnen:.......................................................................................................................45
And what about?..............................................................................................................................45
Hoofdstuk 11: Volleybal.......................................................................................................................46
Epidemiologie:..................................................................................................................................46
Risicofactoren en preventie:.............................................................................................................46
Knie:..................................................................................................................................................46
Enkel:................................................................................................................................................47
Schouder:.........................................................................................................................................48
Rug:..................................................................................................................................................48
Vingers en duim:...............................................................................................................................48
Heup:................................................................................................................................................48
Preventie:.........................................................................................................................................48
Besluit:..............................................................................................................................................49
Hoofdstuk 12: patellofemorale pijn......................................................................................................50
Anatomie:.........................................................................................................................................50
Terminologie:...................................................................................................................................50
Diagnose:..........................................................................................................................................50
Differentiaal diagnose:......................................................................................................................51
2

, Biomechanica:..................................................................................................................................52
Testing:.............................................................................................................................................54
Behandeling:.....................................................................................................................................54
Hoofdstuk 13: examen.........................................................................................................................55




Hoofdstuk 1: theorie bewegingsscreening
Bewegingsscreening:
1. Anamnese inleidend medisch gesprek
2. Inspectie statisch kijken en observeren
3. Bewegingsscreening BL, OL, sagittale vlak

Waarom screening?
 Opsporen van risicofactoren (intrinsiek= slaap, spierspanning,…)
 Programma opstellen op basis van de gevonden bewegingsdeficieten (= abnormaliteit=
opvallens= 90% ziet het)
 Ieder letsel is het gevolg van een samenloop van verschillende extrinsieke en intrinsieke
risicofactoren en omstandigheden van de sportactiviteit.  1 risicofactor leidt zelden of
nooit tot een letsel grootste risicofactor= blessuregeschiedenis uit anamnese
 Ons doel= mensen gezond, veilig en efficiënt laten bewegen= duurzaam sporten= langdurig=
gezond




Intrinsiek= dit heb ik extrinsiek= dit maakt me vatbaar
Kinesiopathologie:
 Verschillende bewegingspatronen in verband brengen met belasting op specifieke
anatomische structuren of lichaamsdelen.
 Onaangepaste bewegingspatronen in pathologische populaties.
 Veranderingen in bewegingspatronen bij personen die verwondingen oplopen.
 Verbeterde klinische resultaten en verminderd blessurerisico met specifieke
trainingsprogramma's gericht op verbetering van bewegingspatronen.



3

, 1. Vaststelling van de omvang van het letsel:
 Incidentie
 Ernst
1. Vaststelling van de etiologie (= leer van de oorzaken) en mechanismen van sportblessures
2. Het introduceren van een preventieve maatregel
3. De doeltreffendheid ervan beoordelen door stap 1 te herhalen
Intrinsieke vs. Extrinsieke risicofactoren:




Onze focus ligt bij de intrinsieke factoren:
 Rood= grootste risicofactor op blessure
 Grijs= uit screening halen

Types van preventie:




 Primair= voor letsel
 Secundair= na letsel verergering vermijden door vroegtijdig in te grijpen
 Tertiair= recidief voorkomen met eventuele aanpassingen




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