AMINES
, PROPERTIES OF PRIMARY AMINES
SHAPE REACTIVITY
Amines are pyramidal molecules Amines have a lone pair of electrons
with bond angles of 107° The lone pair may be used to form a bond
Angles of perfect tetrahedron are ▪ A H+ ion when the amine is acting as a
109.5° ▪ An electron-deficit carbon atom when
Difference is caused by lone pairs amine is acting as a nucleophile
which increases repulsion
SOLUBILITY BOILING POINTS
1° amines with chain lengths up to 4 carbons Amines are polar
are very soluble in water and alcohols (form H 1° amines can hydrogen bond to one an
bonds with solvents) using their –NH2 group (not as strong as
Most amines are also soluble in less polar alcohols due to less electronegative N)
solvents Shorter chain amines are gases at room
Phenylamine: not soluble due to benzene ring temperature; longer chain amines are
unable to form hydrogen bonds volatile liquids (fishy smell)
, PROPERTIES OF PRIMARY AMINES
SHAPE REACTIVITY
Amines are pyramidal molecules Amines have a lone pair of electrons
with bond angles of 107° The lone pair may be used to form a bond
Angles of perfect tetrahedron are ▪ A H+ ion when the amine is acting as a
109.5° ▪ An electron-deficit carbon atom when
Difference is caused by lone pairs amine is acting as a nucleophile
which increases repulsion
SOLUBILITY BOILING POINTS
1° amines with chain lengths up to 4 carbons Amines are polar
are very soluble in water and alcohols (form H 1° amines can hydrogen bond to one an
bonds with solvents) using their –NH2 group (not as strong as
Most amines are also soluble in less polar alcohols due to less electronegative N)
solvents Shorter chain amines are gases at room
Phenylamine: not soluble due to benzene ring temperature; longer chain amines are
unable to form hydrogen bonds volatile liquids (fishy smell)
