Nursing Fundamentals

Nursing Fundamentals Focus Review Exam 1 Fall 2020 Focus Review-Test One • What Should the nurse do first when developing cultural competence? (Purnell Book pg. 2) Nurses who understand their own cultures and their patients' cultural values, beliefs, and practices are in a better position to interact with their patients and provide culturally acceptable care that increases opportunities for health promotion and wellness; illness, disease, and injury prevention; and health maintenance and restoration. Funds Book pg 165)- Nurse must maintain a non-judgement attitude towards patients with different cultural beliefs. • Why is the patient’s individual cultural beliefs important to know? (Purnell book pg 2) The more one knows about a cultural group, the more targeted will be the assessment and interventions. Without specific knowledge of cultural groups for whom they provide care, health-care providers might not know what questions to ask to provide culturally competent care. • What is interpersonal communication? It is the process by which people exchange information, feelings, and meaning through verbal and non-verbal messages: it is face-to-face communication. Interpersonal communication is not just about what is actually said - the language used - but how it is said and the non-verbal messages sent through tone of voice, facial expressions, gestures and body language. • What is expressive aphasia and what is the outcome that is appropriate for the patient? (Fundamentals of Nursing Care Book pg. 128 Box 6-8) Also known as Broca’s aphasia is a disturbance in speech planning and speech production. Persons with expressive aphasia cannot produce fluent speech. Their speech has been described as “halting”. Expressive aphasia presents as  Single-word responses; inability to produce spontaneous conversation  Slow, monotone utterances  Inappropriate words  Hearing, reading abilities are intact • How does the nurse establish a trusting nurse-patient relationship? (Fundamentals of Nursing Care Book pg 125) It is extremely important for nurses and patients to develop rapport, or a relationship with mutual trust and understanding. It is your responsibility to take the lead in establishing the relationship with a patient, but it must be one that is based on trust. You will establish a trusting relationship with your patients by what and how you communicate with them. Your nonverbal communication should convey that you are knowledgeable about their physical care needs and that you are confident and competent when providing care. Your nonverbal behavior also should communicate that you are approachable and ready to listen. When you keep patient medical information confidential and do not discuss patients with friends and coworkers, you are also establishing trust. Patients will look to you to provide emotional support, encouragement, and understanding. Fear of the unknown is emotionally upsetting to patients and may interfere with their treatment and recovery. When patients understand what is happening and have someone to trust, it helps empower them to face the emotional and physical demands of illness and allows them to participate more fully in their care. You can provide emotional understanding and support by communicating empathy to your patients. • What is the best way to assist a patient in making life changing decisions? (Fundamentals pg 126)