AFRICAN AMERICANS CIVIL RIGHTS (SOCIAL, POLITICAL,
ECONOMIC)
PERIOD SOCIAL POLITICAL ECONOMIC
POST- Black Codes: Black Codes: Black Black Codes: limited
RECONSTRUCTI Prevents inter-racial people cannot provide property ownership.
ON unions, and defines evidence against white
1865-1877 anyone at least 1/8 person, clauses to The Reconstruction of
Black as “negro” prevent voting. the South affected the
90% of the Black
KKK formed (1865) “Slaughterhouse case” population that still
(1873): Ruled that the lived there.
1868: 2000 deaths or rights of citizens stay
injuries in Louisiana under state control, due Sharecropping:
caused to a loophole in the 14th Tenancy of former
Amendment. plantation land, which
Four million enslaved allowed for Black
people are freed in the US vs. Cruikshank people in the South to
South (1876): Supreme Court work land. The system
ruled after the Colfax usually exploited
Military Massacre that the former slaves due to
Reconstruction Act Enforcement Act was low cost and the cotton
(1867): Troops unconstitutional under only economy demand.
deployed in Southern 14th Amendment as it
states. Enabled Black empowered the federal Sharecropping and the
people to work and officers against the State ability to move and
share spaces with not the individual. find work was good in
white people with maintaining African
limited (not complete) 13th Amendment American labour in
intimidation. (1865): Slavery ended agriculture.
forever
KKK Act (1871):
Racial violence 14th Amendment
suppressed with troops (1868): Equal citizenship
status
Freedman’s Bureau
(1865-1872): Black 15th Amendment
self-help through the (1870): Voting Rights
form of education cannot be denied on
constitutional grounds
Black westward
expansion: the legend Civil Rights Act (1866):
of Nat Love, a Black Former slaves are full
cowboy citizens
Radical Republicans
(1865-1877): Led by
Thaddeus Stevens until
1877, Johnson’s Congress
had views to
uncompromisingly secure
rights of freedom to
education and economic
independence for newly
, emancipated slaves. Also
wanted to strengthen the
Union’s influence over
previous Confederate
states by deploying
troops to enforce the
Amendments protecting
African American
enfranchisement rights.
GILDED AGE Lynching: In the Hayes-Tilden Convict leasing: The
“JIM CROW 1890s one African Compromise (1877): practice of leasing out
ERA” American got brutally Troops withdrawn from prisoner labour. In
1877-1890s killed every day. Southern states 1898, 73% of
Alabama's entire
1877: 80% of African US vs Harris (1883): annual state revenue
Americans were still Civil Rights Act of 1866 came from convict
illiterate deemed leasing.
“unconstitutional”
Jim Crow laws: Booker T.
(1887-1891) Eight Williams vs. Washington: Black
southern states Mississippi (1898): educator and speaker,
introduced formal Voter discrimination who founded Tuskegee
segregation in constitutional Institute in 1881 to
everyday places. uplift young Black
Segregated schools, Poll tax: A voting fee that people by putting them
restaurants, bathrooms disenfranchised the into trades and
etc.. poorest demographic in professions. Believed in
the South (Black “casting down your
Plessy v Ferguson labourers under Black bucket” and making
(1896): “Separate, but Codes) oneself useful in the
equal” made white man’s system to
precedent until 1954. Over 700,000 people succeed. Although he
were now registered to privately agreed with
W.E.B DuBois: Black vote, assisted by political progress, he
scholar and co-founder carpetbaggers and focused on solely
of NAACP. Pressed for scalawags. empowering Black
radical social, people socially and
economic, political, Blanche K. Bruce: First economically.
and legal change in the Black House of
US for African Representatives member, Exoduster
Americans in both the who sat his full six-year movement (1879)
South and North term. Was born into The largest Black
through activism and slavery in Virginia and westward expansion
polemic works (The had a substantial amount movement due to
Philadelphia Negro and of white Republican intimidation and lack of
The Souls of Black supporters. However, he economic prospects
Folk). Criticized BTW’s was not a Civil Rights under Southern Black
accommodationist leader. Codes, which initially
attitude towards was successful in
integration for not settling over 40,000
being politically aware Black people in Kansas.
enough of the system. However, its success
was limited due to lack
Ida B. Wells: Spoke of support in the West
ECONOMIC)
PERIOD SOCIAL POLITICAL ECONOMIC
POST- Black Codes: Black Codes: Black Black Codes: limited
RECONSTRUCTI Prevents inter-racial people cannot provide property ownership.
ON unions, and defines evidence against white
1865-1877 anyone at least 1/8 person, clauses to The Reconstruction of
Black as “negro” prevent voting. the South affected the
90% of the Black
KKK formed (1865) “Slaughterhouse case” population that still
(1873): Ruled that the lived there.
1868: 2000 deaths or rights of citizens stay
injuries in Louisiana under state control, due Sharecropping:
caused to a loophole in the 14th Tenancy of former
Amendment. plantation land, which
Four million enslaved allowed for Black
people are freed in the US vs. Cruikshank people in the South to
South (1876): Supreme Court work land. The system
ruled after the Colfax usually exploited
Military Massacre that the former slaves due to
Reconstruction Act Enforcement Act was low cost and the cotton
(1867): Troops unconstitutional under only economy demand.
deployed in Southern 14th Amendment as it
states. Enabled Black empowered the federal Sharecropping and the
people to work and officers against the State ability to move and
share spaces with not the individual. find work was good in
white people with maintaining African
limited (not complete) 13th Amendment American labour in
intimidation. (1865): Slavery ended agriculture.
forever
KKK Act (1871):
Racial violence 14th Amendment
suppressed with troops (1868): Equal citizenship
status
Freedman’s Bureau
(1865-1872): Black 15th Amendment
self-help through the (1870): Voting Rights
form of education cannot be denied on
constitutional grounds
Black westward
expansion: the legend Civil Rights Act (1866):
of Nat Love, a Black Former slaves are full
cowboy citizens
Radical Republicans
(1865-1877): Led by
Thaddeus Stevens until
1877, Johnson’s Congress
had views to
uncompromisingly secure
rights of freedom to
education and economic
independence for newly
, emancipated slaves. Also
wanted to strengthen the
Union’s influence over
previous Confederate
states by deploying
troops to enforce the
Amendments protecting
African American
enfranchisement rights.
GILDED AGE Lynching: In the Hayes-Tilden Convict leasing: The
“JIM CROW 1890s one African Compromise (1877): practice of leasing out
ERA” American got brutally Troops withdrawn from prisoner labour. In
1877-1890s killed every day. Southern states 1898, 73% of
Alabama's entire
1877: 80% of African US vs Harris (1883): annual state revenue
Americans were still Civil Rights Act of 1866 came from convict
illiterate deemed leasing.
“unconstitutional”
Jim Crow laws: Booker T.
(1887-1891) Eight Williams vs. Washington: Black
southern states Mississippi (1898): educator and speaker,
introduced formal Voter discrimination who founded Tuskegee
segregation in constitutional Institute in 1881 to
everyday places. uplift young Black
Segregated schools, Poll tax: A voting fee that people by putting them
restaurants, bathrooms disenfranchised the into trades and
etc.. poorest demographic in professions. Believed in
the South (Black “casting down your
Plessy v Ferguson labourers under Black bucket” and making
(1896): “Separate, but Codes) oneself useful in the
equal” made white man’s system to
precedent until 1954. Over 700,000 people succeed. Although he
were now registered to privately agreed with
W.E.B DuBois: Black vote, assisted by political progress, he
scholar and co-founder carpetbaggers and focused on solely
of NAACP. Pressed for scalawags. empowering Black
radical social, people socially and
economic, political, Blanche K. Bruce: First economically.
and legal change in the Black House of
US for African Representatives member, Exoduster
Americans in both the who sat his full six-year movement (1879)
South and North term. Was born into The largest Black
through activism and slavery in Virginia and westward expansion
polemic works (The had a substantial amount movement due to
Philadelphia Negro and of white Republican intimidation and lack of
The Souls of Black supporters. However, he economic prospects
Folk). Criticized BTW’s was not a Civil Rights under Southern Black
accommodationist leader. Codes, which initially
attitude towards was successful in
integration for not settling over 40,000
being politically aware Black people in Kansas.
enough of the system. However, its success
was limited due to lack
Ida B. Wells: Spoke of support in the West
