Focus on Nursing Pharmacology 8th Edition Amy Karch Test Bank.

This is a complete and an all-inclusive guide to Focus on Nursing Pharmacology 8th Edition Amy Karch Test Bank. What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for brand name drugs? Bioavailability Critical concentration Distribution Half-life Ans: A Feedback: Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is available to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic drug may not be the same as those used in the brand name drug. Therefore, the way the body breaks down and uses the drug may differ, which may eliminate a generic drug substitution. Critical concentration is the amount of a drug that is needed to cause a therapeutic effect and should not differ between generic and brand name medications. Distribution is the phase of pharmacokinetics, which involves the movement of a drug to the body’s tissues and is the Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology 8th Edition Amy Karch) 5 same in generic and brand name drugs. A drug’s half-life is the time it takes for the amount of drug to decrease to half the peak level, which should not change when substituting a generic medication. A nurse is assessing the patient’s home medication use. After listening to the patient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question? Do you take any generic medications? Are any of these medications orphan drugs? Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy? Do you take any over-the-counter medications? Ans: D Feedback: It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-counter medications because patients may not consider them important. The patient is unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are health care providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or classification of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer but could be found in reference books if the nurse wishes to research them. After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurse know? Everything necessary for safe and effective medication administration Current pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require ongoing education for 5 years. General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for specific drug information. The drug actions that are associated with each classification of medication Ans: C Feedback: After completing a pharmacology course nurses will have general drug information needed for safe and effective medication administration but will need to consult a drug guide for specific drug information before administering any medication. Pharmacology is constantly changing, with new drugs entering the market and new uses for existing drugs identified. Continuing education in pharmacology is essential to safe practice. Nurses tend to become familiar with the medications they administer most often, but there will always be a need to research new drugs and also those the nurse is not familiar with because no nurse knows all medications. Test Bank - Focus on Nursing Pharmacology 8th Edition Amy Karch) 6 A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her fetus from a Pregnancy Category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patient? Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated there is no risk to the fetus. Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there have been no adequate studies in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but there are no adequate studies in pregnant women. There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from use of the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks. Ans: B Feedback: Category B indicates that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus. However, there have not been adequate studies in pregnant women to demonstrate risk to a fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy and no evidence of risk in later trimesters. Category A indicates that adequate studies in pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus in the first trimester or in later trimesters. Category C indicates that animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but no adequate studies in humans. Category D reveals evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of the drugs in pregnant women may outweigh potential risks. Discharge planning for patients leaving the hospital should include instructions on the use of over-thecounter (OTC) drugs. Which comment by the patient would demonstrate a good understanding of OTC drugs? OTC drugs are safe and do not cause adverse effects if taken properly. OTC drugs have been around for years and have not been tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). OTC drugs are different from any drugs available by prescription and cost less. OTC drugs could cause serious harm if not taken according to directions.