HISET SCIENCE NEW 2022 STUDY REVIEW SOLUTION FOR FINAL EXAMS A
GRADED SOLUTION
Control Group - in an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment
Dependent Variable - a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another.
Experiment - a test under controlled conditions that is made to demonstrate or test a
hypothesis
Hypothesis - A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Independent Variable - The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is
being studied.
Result - the outcome of an experiment or problem
Trial - a specific experiment or set of experiments within a larger context
Active Transport - The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy.
Anaphase - Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Animal Cells - Cells that make up animals;these lack a cell wall, central vacuole and
chloroplasts
Cell - basic unit of all forms of life
Cell Membrane - thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves
the cell
Cell Wall - A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Chromosome - structure made of DNA and associated proteins on which genes are located
Cytoplasm - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Diffusion - the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
Diploid Cell - A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each
parent.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - In BOTH types of cells. Carries substances, like proteins, to various
parts of the cell.
Gametes - reproductive cells,
Sex cells
, Golgi Apparatus - a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out
of the cell
Alveoli - any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
Aorta - Largest artery in the body
Artery - A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Axons - Carry impulses away from the cell body
Ball-and-Socket Joints - allow a wide range of motion in many directions (hip and shoulder
joints)
Blood - Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Brain - portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium
Bronchial Tubes - small respiratory passages that connect the trachea to the lungs
Capillaries - tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
Cardiac Muscles - heart muscles that have properties of skeletal and smooth muscles
Cerebellum - A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Balance and coordination
Cerebrum - Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
largest part of the brain
Circulatory System - system that provides a flow of nutrients throughout the body
Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body
Dendrites - Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
Diaphragm - Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
Digestive System - Breaks down food into smaller molecules. Absorbs these nutrients into the
body.
Endocrine System - Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing
hormones.
Fixed Joints - found in the skull and allow no movement between bones
Gallbladder - stores and concentrates bile
GRADED SOLUTION
Control Group - in an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment
Dependent Variable - a variable (often denoted by y ) whose value depends on that of another.
Experiment - a test under controlled conditions that is made to demonstrate or test a
hypothesis
Hypothesis - A testable prediction, often implied by a theory
Independent Variable - The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is
being studied.
Result - the outcome of an experiment or problem
Trial - a specific experiment or set of experiments within a larger context
Active Transport - The movement of materials through a cell membrane using energy.
Anaphase - Phase of mitosis in which the chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of
the cell
Animal Cells - Cells that make up animals;these lack a cell wall, central vacuole and
chloroplasts
Cell - basic unit of all forms of life
Cell Membrane - thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves
the cell
Cell Wall - A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell
Chromosome - structure made of DNA and associated proteins on which genes are located
Cytoplasm - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
Diffusion - the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density
Diploid Cell - A cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each
parent.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - In BOTH types of cells. Carries substances, like proteins, to various
parts of the cell.
Gametes - reproductive cells,
Sex cells
, Golgi Apparatus - a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out
of the cell
Alveoli - any of the tiny air sacs of the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged
Aorta - Largest artery in the body
Artery - A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Axons - Carry impulses away from the cell body
Ball-and-Socket Joints - allow a wide range of motion in many directions (hip and shoulder
joints)
Blood - Connective tissue made of plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets.
Brain - portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium
Bronchial Tubes - small respiratory passages that connect the trachea to the lungs
Capillaries - tiny vessels that join arterioles and venules
Cardiac Muscles - heart muscles that have properties of skeletal and smooth muscles
Cerebellum - A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
Balance and coordination
Cerebrum - Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
largest part of the brain
Circulatory System - system that provides a flow of nutrients throughout the body
Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body
Dendrites - Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information.
Diaphragm - Large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that helps with breathing
Digestive System - Breaks down food into smaller molecules. Absorbs these nutrients into the
body.
Endocrine System - Consists of glands that control many of the body's activities by producing
hormones.
Fixed Joints - found in the skull and allow no movement between bones
Gallbladder - stores and concentrates bile
