Foundations of Nursing, 8th Edition Care of the Child With a Physical and Mental or Cognitive Disorder COOPER TEST BANK,100% CORRECT

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The nurse uses a diagram to show that the tetralogy of Fallot involves a combination of four congenital defects. What are the defects? a. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, left ventricular hypertrophy b. Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy c. Aortic stenosis, atrial septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy d. Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy ANS: B Tetralogy of Fallot involves a combination of four congenital defects: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 982 OBJ: 1 TOP: Heart defect KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 2. What is the most common clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta? a. Clubbing of the digits b. Upper extremity hypertension c. Pedal edema and portal congestion d. Loud systolic ejection murmur ANS: B Coarctation of the aorta results in hypertension in the upper extremities. The pressure in the arms is typically 20 mm Hg higher than in the legs. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 983 OBJ: 1 TOP: Heart defect KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 3. Parents of a 6-month-old child, who has just been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia, ask why it was not diagnosed earlier. What would be the best response by the nurse? a. “Are you sure your child has iron deficiency anemia?” b. “This happens when the maternal stores of iron are depleted at about 6 months.” c. “This anemia is caused by blood loss.” d. “The child may not have had it for a long time.” ANS: B Iron deficiency anemia becomes apparent at about 6 months of age in a full-term infant, when maternal stores of iron are depleted. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 984 OBJ: 2 TOP: Anemia KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank . NU RS IN GT B.CO M 4. What should the therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia include? a. Multivitamins b. Calcium c. Ferrous sulfate d. Iodine ANS: C Therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia is iron (ferrous sulfate) supplementation, nutritional counseling, and treatment of any underlying condition. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 984 OBJ: 2 TOP: Anemia KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 5. The parents of a child who has been diagnosed with sickle cell anemia ask why their child experiences pain. What is the most likely cause of the pain? a. Inflammation of the vessels b. Obstructed blood flow c. Overhydration d. Stress-related headaches ANS: B The signs and symptoms of sickle cell anemia include the sickle-shaped cells clumping and obstructing blood flow, which causes severe tissue hypoxia and necrosis leading to pain. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 984-985 OBJ: 2 TOP: Blood disorders KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 6. The parents of a child recently diagnosed with sickle cell anemia ask what can be done to avoid a sickle cell crisis. What should be included in the medical management of sickle cell crisis? a. Information for the parents including home care b. Provisions for adequate hydration and pain management c. Pain management and administration of iron supplements d. Adequate oxygenation and factor VIII ANS: B Medical management of sickle cell crisis includes palliative analgesics, hydration, and oxygen. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 985-986 OBJ: 2 TOP: Blood disorders KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 7. Which laboratory results should the nurse anticipate to be abnormal in a child with hemophilia? a. Prothrombin time b. Bleeding time c. Platelet count d. Partial thromboplastin time NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M ANS: D Expected laboratory findings for a child with hemophilia include a prolonged partial thromboplastin time. The prothrombin time, bleeding time, and platelet count are typically normal. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 986 OBJ: 3 TOP: Blood disorders KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 8. The parents of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia ask about the best approach for maintaining remission of the disease. What would be the most effective therapy? a. Surgery to remove enlarged lymph nodes b. Long-term chemotherapy c. Nutritional supplements to enhance blood cell production d. Blood transfusions to replace ineffective red cells ANS: B The treatment of choice is methotrexate, a chemotherapeutic agent, to produce remission. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 989 OBJ: 4 TOP: Blood disorders KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 9. What most influences the severity of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)? a. Poor cough and gag reflex b. The gestational age at birth c. Administering high concentrations of oxygen d. The sex of the infant ANS: B RDS is caused by a deficiency of surfactant and it occurs almost exclusively in preterm, low–birth weight infants. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 993 OBJ: 7 TOP: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 10. A 2-year-old child with laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) is fussy and restless in the oxygen tent. The oxygen level in the tent is 25%, and blood gases are normal. What would be the correct action by the nurse? a. Restrain the child in the tent and notify the health care provider. b. Increase the oxygen concentration in the tent. c. Take the child out of the tent and into the playroom. d. Ask the mother for help in comforting the child. ANS: B The child with LTB should be placed in the mist tent with 30% oxygen. Restlessness is caused by poor oxygenation. The child should not be taken out of the oxygenated tent. While the mother could be asked to help comfort the child, and the health care provider may be notified, the priority is to set the oxygen at the correct level. NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: 997 OBJ: 7 TOP: Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 11. The mother of a child with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) asks why her child must be kept NPO. Which responses would be the most correct? a. The epinephrine given causes nausea and vomiting. b. The child is being hydrated with IV fluids. c. The child is not hungry. d. The child’s rapid respirations pose a risk for aspiration. ANS: D Rapid respirations predispose to aspiration. The child is kept hydrated with IV fluids, but this is not the reason that the child must be kept NPO. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 998 OBJ: 7 TOP: Laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 12. What could suddenly occur in a child with acute epiglottitis? a. Increased carbon dioxide levels b. Airway obstruction c. Inability to swallow d. Bronchial collapse ANS: B In acute epiglottitis, the infected epiglottis becomes inflamed and causes total airway obstruction. Immediate treatment of acute epiglottitis includes an artificial airway. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 997-998 OBJ: 7 TOP: Epiglottitis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 13. When conducting a class for parents about sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), the nurse instructs the class that the infant should be placed in which position to sleep? a. Right side-lying b. Left side-lying c. Prone d. Supine ANS: D The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends placing the infant on its back, or supine, to sleep. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 996 OBJ: 7 TOP: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 14. When interacting with the parents of a SIDS infant, the nurse should attempt to assist the parents with: a. encouraging the parents to have another baby. NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M b. encouraging the parents to remain stoic. c. allaying feelings of guilt and blame. d. learning how the event could have been prevented. ANS: C As parents try to cope, they have feelings of guilt and blame. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 996 OBJ: 7 TOP: Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity 15. The nurse educates the family of a newly admitted child with cystic fibrosis that the treatment will be centered on what therapy? a. Chest physiotherapy b. Mucus-drying agents c. Prevention of diarrhea d. Insulin therapy ANS: A Chest physiotherapy and aerosol medications are the center of treatment for cystic fibrosis. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1000 OBJ: 7 TOP: Cystic fibrosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 16. What is the main characteristic of cystic fibrosis? a. Multiple upper respiratory infections b. An underproduction of exocrine glands c. Excessive, thick mucus d. An overproduction of thin mucus ANS: C The pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis includes excessive, thick mucus. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 999 OBJ: 7 TOP: Cystic fibrosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity 17. What is the best time to administer pancreatic enzyme replacement? a. Before meals and snacks b. Before bedtime c. Early in the morning d. After meals and snacks ANS: A Pancreatic enzymes are administered before meals and snacks to digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: 1000 OBJ: 7 TOP: Cystic fibrosis KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity NURSINGTB.COM Foundations of Nursing 8th Edition Cooper Test Bank NU RS IN GT B.CO M 18. Following surgical repair of a cleft palate, what should be used to prevent injury to the sut