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Samenvatting Anatomie spijsverteringsstelsel

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In deze samenvatting staat alle leerstof omtrent het hoofdstuk spijsverteringsstelsel. Ik was geslaagd voor dit vak.

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Uploaded on
June 11, 2022
Number of pages
55
Written in
2020/2021
Type
Summary

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H16: SPIJSVERTERINGSSTELSEL


16.1. INLEIDING


Zeer belangrijke figuur!!




1. FUNCTIES

• Ingestie: voedselinname

• Mechanische verwerking: verkleinen, kneden, voortduwen

• Vertering: chemische afbraak
- TG tot glycerol + vetzuren
- Polysachariden tot monosachariden
- EW tot AZ

• Secretie: afgifte water, zuren, enzymen, buffers door accessoire klieren
- Pancreas, gal & klieren in GI-wand

• Opname (resorptie): kleine organische moleculen, elektrolyten, vitaminen, water

• Uitscheiding (defecatie): verwijderen van afvalstoffen in ingedikte vorm

, Pylorus


Speeksel toegevoegd




Pylorus = klep die toegang vanuit maag naar buizensysteem (darmstelsel) regelt




Verteringssappen: galvloeistof, dunne darmsap & pancreassappen




- Entero = ingewanden
- Hepatis = lever

, Eiwitten Vetten Suikers
Speeksel / X (klein beetje lipase) X (zetmeel via
amylase)
Maagsap X (via pepsine) X (klein beetje lipase) /
Pancreassap X (via trypsine) X (via pancreaslipase) X (zetmeel via
amylase)
THV DUODENUM




Dunne darmsap X (via tri- en / X (via disachariden)
dipeptidasen)
Galsap / X (emulgeren:
wateroplosbaar
maken van vetten via
galzouten)




2. HISTOLOGIE




= Villi




Mucosa

• = Slijmvlies + Lamina propria
• Bestaat uit slijmvlies (= dekweefsel)
- Cilinderpeitheelcellen in darm (andere zones)
- Gelaagd plaveiseleptiheelcellen (zones met veel schuring)
- Mond, keel, slokdarm, anus
• Lamina propria = onderliggende bindweefsellaag

, • Muscosale klieren = in lamina propria, secreteren muceus secreet
• Doorgangen van submucosale klieren (in submucosa, sappen secreteren richting lumen GI)
• Muscularis mucosa = glad spierweefsel + elastische vezels
- afgrenzing met submucosa door dunne spierlaag
- villi bewegen
• Gegolfd, met extra villi in dunne darm




Submucosa

• = 2e laag los bindweefsel, onmiddellijk onder muscularis mucosa
• Bevat bloedvaten: VS vanuit darm geresorbeerd + in lymfevaten terecht
• Bevat lymfevaten: vloeien samen in grotere lymfevaten weg van maag-darmstelsel
• Bevat zenuwvezels gebundeld in “Meissnerplexus”
- reguleren en coördineren contractie van gladde spieren
- reguleren klierproductie

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