Nasm CPT Final Exam 2022 Study Guide
Proprioception Correct Answer: The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of
the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
Mechanoreceptors Correct Answer: specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
Muscle Spindles Correct Answer: sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers
and are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to
CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
Golgi Tendon Organs Correct Answer: sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium Correct Answer: connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole
muscle
Perimysium Correct Answer: connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium Correct Answer: between the individual muscle fibers
Type 1 Muscle Fiber Correct Answer: "slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber Correct Answer: fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
Agonist Correct Answer: PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
Synergist Correct Answer: ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
Stabilizer Correct Answer: stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
Antagonist Correct Answer: Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium Correct Answer: gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
, Left Atrium Correct Answer: gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle Correct Answer: thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle Correct Answer: thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
Metabolism Correct Answer: all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
Exercise Metabolism Correct Answer: bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and
demands on body during exercise
Substrates Correct Answer: where enzymes act
Carbohydrates Correct Answer: Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and
energy required for all daily activities
Glucose Correct Answer: a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported
through the blood and is used or stored as energy
Glycogen Correct Answer: the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
Fat Correct Answer: a secondary source of energy
Trigylcerides Correct Answer: come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are
converted and stored in fat cells
Protein Correct Answer: Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy
source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis Correct Answer: glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Correct Answer: Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When
chemical bonds that hold it together are broken, energy is released
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Correct Answer: molecule produced by ATP
ATP-PC system Correct Answer: simpliest and fastest, occurs without oxygen (anaerobic), provides
energy for high intensity, short-duration
ex: power and strentgh
Glycosis System Correct Answer: produces lots of energy for 30-50 sec. Typical bc it falls in the time
frame of 8-12 reps
Oxidative System Correct Answer: most complex
Proprioception Correct Answer: The body's ability to to sense the relative position of adjacent parts of
the body
Ex: when walking our feet give us proprioception about the type of surface we are on.
Mechanoreceptors Correct Answer: specialized structures that recognize pressure in tissue and transmit
signals to sensory nerves.
Muscle Spindles Correct Answer: sensory receptors in the muscles that are parallel to the muscle fibers
and are sensitive to change in muscle length. Spindles stretch with muscle and sends information to
CNS.
helps to prevent muscles from stretching too far or too fast
Golgi Tendon Organs Correct Answer: sensory receptors that are located at the point where the skeletal
muscle fibers insert into the tendon. Sensitive to change in tension at the rate of change
causes the muscle to relax
Epimysium Correct Answer: connective tissue UNDER fascia that acts as an outer layer of the whole
muscle
Perimysium Correct Answer: connective tissue acts as an outer layer of fascicles
Endomysium Correct Answer: between the individual muscle fibers
Type 1 Muscle Fiber Correct Answer: "slow-twitch", smaller in size, lessforce produced, long-term
contractions (stabilization)
Type 2 Muscle Fiber Correct Answer: fast twitch, larger, quick to fatigue, force and power exercises
Agonist Correct Answer: PRIME MOVER, main muscles
ex: chest press-> pectoralis major
Synergist Correct Answer: ASSIST PRIME MOVER,
ex: chest press -> ant deltoid, triceps
Stabilizer Correct Answer: stabilizes while prime mover and assist work.
chest press -> rotator cuff
Antagonist Correct Answer: Oppose Prime mover,
chest press -> posterior delt
Right Atrium Correct Answer: gather DEOXGENATED blood returning to the heart from ENTIRE BODY
, Left Atrium Correct Answer: gathers OXYGENATED blood coming from the LUNGS
Right Ventricle Correct Answer: thin walls pumps under low pressure. Pumps to lungs
Left Ventricle Correct Answer: thick walls, pumps under high pressure to rest of body
Metabolism Correct Answer: all of the chemical reactions that happen in our body to maintain itself.
Nutrients are acquired, transported and used by the body.
Exercise Metabolism Correct Answer: bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and
demands on body during exercise
Substrates Correct Answer: where enzymes act
Carbohydrates Correct Answer: Sugars, starches, and fiber. Provide the body with a source of fuel and
energy required for all daily activities
Glucose Correct Answer: a simple sugar that comes from the digestion of carbs that is transported
through the blood and is used or stored as energy
Glycogen Correct Answer: the stored form of carbs, when needed it converts to glucose and used
Fat Correct Answer: a secondary source of energy
Trigylcerides Correct Answer: come from fats, when calories are consumed but not used they are
converted and stored in fat cells
Protein Correct Answer: Amino acids that build and repair body tissues and structures. A third energy
source, usually not until starvation.
Recommended 0.8 g per day Adults, 1.2-1.7 per day strength athletes, 1.2-1.4 endurance athletes
1 g = 4 calories
Gluconeogenesis Correct Answer: glucose form from non carb sources like amino acids
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Correct Answer: Energy storage and transfer unit in the cells. When
chemical bonds that hold it together are broken, energy is released
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) Correct Answer: molecule produced by ATP
ATP-PC system Correct Answer: simpliest and fastest, occurs without oxygen (anaerobic), provides
energy for high intensity, short-duration
ex: power and strentgh
Glycosis System Correct Answer: produces lots of energy for 30-50 sec. Typical bc it falls in the time
frame of 8-12 reps
Oxidative System Correct Answer: most complex
