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samenvatting module 10

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Binnen het OPO metabolisme en voeding (GNK, bachelor 1): is dit een samenvatting van module 10, a.d.h.v. de E-learnings.

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Metabolisme en Voeding: Module 10:

Deel 1: Basen en nucleotiden:
Basen afgeleid van aminozuren.
Nucleotiden vervullen veel functies: bouwstenen van nucleïnezuren, drager van energie,
drager geactiveerde bouwsteen, regelaar metabole flux, lokaal werkend hormoon.
Er moeten genoeg nucleotiden aanwezig zijn in een cel, die hoeveelheid wordt bereikt door:
● Opname van bouwstenen.
● Synthese van nieuwe basen (koolstofbron, fosfaat en aminozuren voor nodig).
Hiervoor worden niet-essentiële aminozuren gebruikt.
● Recycleren van oude basen (= salvage).
● Afbraak van de overschot: pyrimidines tot ureum en purines tot urinezuur.
Nomenclatuur is belangrijk:




De novo synthese en basen: bouwsteen voor pyrimidines: orothine, voor purines is dat
hypoxanthine. En hoge energy charge in de cel is de drijfveer voor de verdere ontwikkeling
naar de echte purines en pyrimidines. De stappen van ribonucleotide reductase zijn flux
bepalend.


Purines:
Voor de opbouw van een purine zijn nodig:
● Een koolstofskelet van ribose (uit pentose fosfaat weg).
● Niet-essentiële aminozuren (aspartaat, glutamine, glycine).
● C1-metabolisme (foliumzuur moet worden omgezet naar formyl tetrahydrofolaat:
serine voor nodig om THF op te laden met C1).


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