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hoja de diagonalización

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Departamento de Análisis Matemático y Matemática Aplicada
GRADO EN INGENIERÍA GEOLÓGICA.
Matemáticas I. Curso 2020-2021



Hoja 3: Diagonalización de matrices
1 Dadas las bases de IR2 :

S1 = {u~1 = (1, −2); u~2 = (3, −4)} S2 = {v~1 = (1, 3); v~2 = (3, 8)}

a) Encontrar las coordenadas de un vector genérico ~v = (a, b) respecto de la base S1 .
b) Hallar la matriz del cambio de base de S2 a S1 .
c) Determinar la matriz del cambio de base de S1 a S2 .
d) Comprobar que son inversas las matrices de los apartados anteriores.

2 Sea la aplicación lineal G(x, y, z) = (2y + z, x − 4y, 3x).
Hallar la representación matricial de G relativa a la base
S = {w~1 = (1, 1, 1); w~2 = (1, 1, 0); w~3 = (1, 0, 0)}

3 Calcula los autovalores y autovectores de las siguientes matrices:
 
  0 1 5 9
  0 7 −6
4 4  2 1 6 8 
A= , B =  −1 4 0 , C =  
1 4  0 0 0 3 
0 2 −2
0 0 1 −2

4 Dada la matriz:

 
2 0 4
A =  3 −4 12 
1 −2 5
a) Calcula sus autovalores y autovectores
b) ¿Es diagonalizable?
c) Indica la matriz de paso y la matriz diagonal.

5 Calcula los autovectores de las matrices:
 
  0 1 0 0
1 2 −1  0 0 1 0 
A= 0 2 1  B=  0 0

0 1 
0 2 3
1 0 0 0
¿Son diagonalizables?

6 Halla la forma diagonal y la base, si es posible de:
     
−1 1 1 1 0 1 −4 0 −2
A =  1 −1 1  B =  0 1 −2  C= 0 1 0 
1 1 −1 0 0 2 5 1 3
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