100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached 4.2 TrustPilot
logo-home
Summary

Samenvatting partim II Farmacologie

Rating
-
Sold
3
Pages
150
Uploaded on
11-05-2022
Written in
2021/2022

Samenvatting van partim II van Farmacologie, gebaseerd op de powerpoints en hoorcolleges. Gegeven in bachelor 2. Dit bevat NIET partim I.

Institution
Course











Whoops! We can’t load your doc right now. Try again or contact support.

Written for

Institution
Study
Course

Document information

Uploaded on
May 11, 2022
Number of pages
150
Written in
2021/2022
Type
Summary

Subjects

Content preview

Farmacologie: partim II
Inhoud
1. Hypolipemiërende farmaca ................................................................................................................. 3
1.1 Inleiding ......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Stoornissen in het lipidenmetabolisme ......................................................................................... 4
1.2.1 Atherosclerose & atherotrombose ........................................................................................ 5
1.3 Hypolipemiërende farmaca ........................................................................................................... 9
1.3.1 Statines (HMG-CoA reductase remmers) ............................................................................... 9
1.3.2 Fibraten (o.a. fenofibraat) .................................................................................................... 11
1.3.3 Harsen die galzuren binden .................................................................................................. 13
1.3.4 Remmers van de cholesteroltransporter in de darm ........................................................... 13
1.3.5 Visderivaten (omega 3 vetzure ethylesters)......................................................................... 14
1.3.6 PCSK9-inhibitoren ................................................................................................................. 14
1.4 Combinatie medicatie ................................................................................................................. 15
2. Farmacologie van het hart ................................................................................................................ 16
2.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 16
2.2 Farmaca die de hartfunctie beïnvloeden .................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Anti-aritmica ......................................................................................................................... 16
2.2.2 Hartglycosiden ...................................................................................................................... 22
2.2.3 Autonome neurotransmitters en verwante stoffen............................................................. 28
2.2.4 Anti-anginosa........................................................................................................................ 28
2.2.5 Calciumantagonisten ............................................................................................................ 34
3. Farmacologie van het vasculair systeem ........................................................................................... 37
3.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 37
3.2 Vasoconstrictoren ....................................................................................................................... 38
3.3 Vasodilatoren .............................................................................................................................. 42
3.4 Geneesmiddelen.......................................................................................................................... 45
3.4.1 Geneesmiddelen bij hypertensie.......................................................................................... 45
3.4.2 Geneesmiddelen bij hartfalen met een gereduceerde ejectiefractie (HFrEF) ..................... 47
3.4.3 Geneesmiddelen bij angina pectoris .................................................................................... 49
3.4.4 Geneesmiddelen bij de ziekte van Raynaud......................................................................... 50
3.4.5 Geneesmiddelen bij pulmonaire hypertensie ...................................................................... 50
4. Farmacologie van de nier .................................................................................................................. 51
4.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 51


1

, 4.2 Aangrijpingspunten voor medicatie ............................................................................................ 51
4.3 Diuretica ...................................................................................................................................... 54
5. Farmacologie van het respiratoir & GI systeem ................................................................................ 58
5.1 Farmacologie van het ademhalingsstelsel .................................................................................. 58
5.1.1 Regulatie van de luchtwegen ............................................................................................... 58
5.1.2 Astma.................................................................................................................................... 58
5.2 Farmacologie van het maagdarmstelsel...................................................................................... 65
5.2.1 Secretie van maagzuur, mucus & bicarbonaat ..................................................................... 65
5.2.2 Braken................................................................................................................................... 70
5.2.3 Constipatie............................................................................................................................ 74
5.2.4 Diarree: antidiarreïca............................................................................................................ 77
5.2.5 Spasmolytica ......................................................................................................................... 78
6. Farmacologie van het CZS ................................................................................................................. 79
6.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................................... 79
6.2 Neurotransmitters ....................................................................................................................... 80
6.2.1 Aminozuren .......................................................................................................................... 80
6.2.2 Noradrenaline in het CZS ...................................................................................................... 84
6.2.3 Dopamine in het CZS ............................................................................................................ 84
6.2.4 5-HT (serotonine) in het CZS ................................................................................................ 86
6.2.5 Acetylcholine in het CZS ....................................................................................................... 87
6.2.6 Histamine.............................................................................................................................. 88
6.2.7 Purines .................................................................................................................................. 88
6.2.8 Melatonine ........................................................................................................................... 89
6.2.9 NO ......................................................................................................................................... 89
6.3 Neurodegeneratieve aandoeningen ........................................................................................... 89
6.3.1 Ziekte van Alzheimer ............................................................................................................ 91
6.3.2 Ziekte van Parkinson............................................................................................................. 93
6.4 Antipsychotica ( = neuroleptica).................................................................................................. 98
6.4.1 Werkingsmechanisme ........................................................................................................ 100
6.4.2 Classificatie ......................................................................................................................... 102
6.5 Antidepressiva ........................................................................................................................... 106
6.5.1 Inleiding .............................................................................................................................. 106
6.5.2 Werkingsmechanismen ...................................................................................................... 107
6.5.3 Stemmingsstabilisatoren .................................................................................................... 114
6.6 Anxiolytica & hypnosedativa ..................................................................................................... 116
6.6.1 Benzodiazepines ................................................................................................................. 117

2

, 6.6.2 Barbituraten ....................................................................................................................... 119
6.7 Anti-eleptica .............................................................................................................................. 119
6.7.1 Epilepsie.............................................................................................................................. 119
6.7.2 Anti-eleptica ....................................................................................................................... 120
6.7.3 Samenvattend .................................................................................................................... 123
7 Opioïden (analgetica) ....................................................................................................................... 124
7.1 Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................... 124
7.2 Nociceptieve pijn ....................................................................................................................... 125
7.3 Analgetica: opioïden .................................................................................................................. 128
7.3.1 Inleiding .............................................................................................................................. 128
7.3.2 Werkingsmechanisme van de opioïden ............................................................................. 129
7.3.3 Indeling opioïde analgetica ................................................................................................ 140
7.3.4 Opioïd antagonisten ........................................................................................................... 143
7.3.5 Interacties met opioïden .................................................................................................... 144
7.4 Samenvattend ........................................................................................................................... 145
8. Lokale anesthetica ........................................................................................................................... 146
8.1 Inleiding ..................................................................................................................................... 146
8.2 Werkingsmechanisme ............................................................................................................... 147
8.3 Gebruik ...................................................................................................................................... 148
8.4 Verschillende types en toedieningswijze .................................................................................. 149



1. Hypolipemiërende farmaca
→ zeer veel gebruikte GM, vnl.: statines (goed kennen!).

1.1 Inleiding
Lipoproteïnetransport in het bloed
Componenten:

• Chylomicronen
o Functie: gaan TG en cholesterol vanuit de GI-tractus naar
de weefsels transporteren.
o Lipoproteïne lipase → zorgt voor de omzetting van TG in
glycerol en vrije vetzuren (bouwstenen).
▪ Vrije vetzuren worden verder opgenomen
(afbeelding: thv de vaatwand)
o Chylomicron remnants = restanten van de chylomicronen wanneer ze hun TG hebben
vrijgegeven.
▪ Worden naar de lever getransporteerd (in hepatocyt), verschillende opties:
• Opgestapeld, gesecreteerd in de gal of geoxideerd tot galzuren
• Op zich geoxideerd


3

, • Omgezet naar VLDL partikels
• VLDL (very low density lipoproteins)
o Bevat:
▪ Heel wat cholesterol
▪ Ook heel wat nieuw gesynthetiseerde TG
o TG in de VLDL → worden ook via lipoproteïne lipase omgezet tot glycerol en vrije
vetzuren → vrije vetzuren opgenomen.
▪ LET OP: daarnaast ook LDL gevormd.
• LDL (low density lipoproteins)
o = ‘slechte cholesterol’
o Bevat
▪ Geen TG
▪ Wel cholesterol esthers (hoog gehalte aan cholesterol)
o Cholesterol esters → wordt opgenomen door weefsels & de lever (via endocytose
m.b.v. specifieke LDL-receptoren)
• HDL (high density lipoproteins)
o = ‘goede cholesterol’
o Functie: nemen cholesterol (celturnover) vanuit de weefsels en de arteriën(!) op →
verder omgezet naar: VLDL & LDL.




Opm.: daarnaast ook IDL (intermediate density lipoproteins).

1.2 Stoornissen in het lipidenmetabolisme
= dyslipidemie


4

Get to know the seller

Seller avatar
Reputation scores are based on the amount of documents a seller has sold for a fee and the reviews they have received for those documents. There are three levels: Bronze, Silver and Gold. The better the reputation, the more your can rely on the quality of the sellers work.
stabiloboss Universiteit Antwerpen
Follow You need to be logged in order to follow users or courses
Sold
121
Member since
6 year
Number of followers
91
Documents
21
Last sold
8 months ago

4.1

16 reviews

5
8
4
3
3
4
2
1
1
0

Recently viewed by you

Why students choose Stuvia

Created by fellow students, verified by reviews

Quality you can trust: written by students who passed their tests and reviewed by others who've used these notes.

Didn't get what you expected? Choose another document

No worries! You can instantly pick a different document that better fits what you're looking for.

Pay as you like, start learning right away

No subscription, no commitments. Pay the way you're used to via credit card and download your PDF document instantly.

Student with book image

“Bought, downloaded, and aced it. It really can be that simple.”

Alisha Student

Frequently asked questions