Summary Englisch Abitur - how to analyse fictional and non-fictional texts

English Abitur Kla - sur




^
comprehension

→
helpful formulations


First Firstly ;
In addition ,
m o re ove r
;
Further furthermore ; Additionally ;
However ;
Nevertheless ;
Nonetheless ; Whereas ;
Besides




2
analysis -
non - fictional texts


introduction


intention I
and main thesis In the following ,
am
going to
analyze . . .




"


the author 's intention this article to the that to achieve his structure that leads to the conclusion quoted employing
writing tries using
→ He
in is convince readers . . .
aim
by a above , by

11


different argumentative techniques and
by making use of words that underline / Referenz zur
Aufgabeuste / lung / . . .




main
body

◦
/ of the text ) intention ( of the author )
in der Analyse den Titel einbeziehen
message


-
aims ,
intention addressee ,




◦ structure

-

sentence structure


hypo tactical complicated
→
long ,
sentences


→ tactical short simple sentences
para ,




order of information
-




shifts in the author 's viewpoint the focus
-



in




changes in tone
-




techniques of argumentation peroration of
argument
◦
and line


-

statistics ,
numbers
,
references ,
data


-


expert opinion ,
first -
hand accounts / Erfahrungsberichte /




of
language
◦
use means



" "
°
persuasive / communicative strategies → e.
g.
inclusive we
; appeal to the reader



°
style register , ,
tone


-



register → level of formality :
( in / formal colloquial , ,
familiar



language emotive assertive persuasive argumentative neutral
-

:
, , , ,




-



style

choice
"

of words
"


negatively / that / her
"

/
"
connoted / adjectives fields
"


positively word
"
→ : words
, , personal pronouns
l
,
we
,
us → shows the reader is affected + lets him
actively think about
the
topic
tone of the attitude of
and
writing style the author towards the topic
-



words
: use
conveying

◦
rhetorical stylistic devices




repetition ,
enumeration →
emphasizes ,
stresses , strengthens the
argumentation

to follow and
parallelism → makes ideas arguments clear
,
easier
process
and easy
to remember
, repetitive structure creates the impression of importance


imagery the vividness of appeals reader easier connects to the
→ enhance writing ,
to reader 's
imagination by linking words with
sensory experiences
= >
message of the text




metaphor → activates
imagination ,
easier to understand be .
the
argument dea is linked to something they already know




personification → the author attributes human qualities to non -
human
things = > makes
and
argumentation
emotional
vivid =>
helps the reader relate connect to the object personified

comparison ,
simile → easier to understand be .
the
argument dea is linked to something they already know




antithesis →
aspects are
opposed to one another ,
differences are
highlighted

contrast →
opposition between two objects , highlighted to emphasize their differences


irony ,
sarcasm →
portraying a contrast or
discrepancy between
appearance
and reality

alliteration repetition of initial consonant sound
variation , makes
→
reading easier


phrase at the of
anaphora same word
beginning successive sentences



hyperbole →
emphasizes ,
accentuates ideas



understatement → ironic



rhetorical question → forces the reader to think ,
consider
, engage
about what they have read
;
involves the reader makes the argumentation more relatable +
persuasive