BioChem C785 study guide PA
Complementary DNA and/or RNA molecules pair with each other by hydrogen
bonding during replication, transcription, or translation. Which of the following pairs
of molecules are complementary? (Select all that apply)
- tRNA and mRNA
mRNA and template DNA
During DNA replication the parent strands ______ and DNA polymerase______.
- separate, creates the new DNA strands
The following sequence is one strand of the DNA that makes up the SNCA gene that
codes for alpha-synuclein, a protein found in the brain. 5' ATGCGGTGACGG 3'
Which of the following is the complementary second DNA strand? –
5' CCGTCACCGCAT 3'
Assume you start with one copy of target DNA. How many copies of DNA will be
made after 4 rounds of PCR (assume 100% reaction efficiency)?
- 16
What are the necessary ingredients for a PCR reaction? –
dNTPs; thermostable DNA polymerase; DNA primers; double-stranded DNA
A frameshift mutation changed this sequence 5' AAC GCT TAG 3' to which of the
following? –
3' GAT TCG CA 5'
Which choice represents a silent mutation for this sequence: 5' GGU UGC ACU 3'? –
5' GGU UGC ACA 3'
Beta thalassemia is a disease that causes low levels of hemoglobin. To inherit this
autosomal disease, an individual must receive two mutant alleles. Which of the
following likely represents the chromosome pairs of a healthy parent who has a child
with beta thalassemia?
(The yellow band represents the mutant allele and the green band represents the normal
allele.) * - Option 3- The chromosomes of a healthy parent who has a child with beta
, thalassemia must be a carrier of the disease, i.e. the parent must have one copy of the
(dominant) normal allele and one copy of the (recessive) mutant allele.
Your black dog and your friend's white dog have puppies. If inheritance of coat color is
co-dominant, the coat color of the puppies will be ________________, the color will
be _______________ if incompletely dominant, and it will be _______________ if it
is complete dominant
- Black-and-white spotted, gray, black
Freidreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from multiple GAA
insertions into the FXN gene. Which of the following best illustrates the inheritance
pattern of Freidreich's ataxia in a family with the disease?
- None of these pedigrees are consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.
The pedigree chart for Option 3 shows evidence of carriers, and both males and
females have Friedrich's ataxia in this chart. These properties of the chart indicate that
it is for an autosomal recessive disease.
Increased IGF2 expression is associated with many types of cancer. Studies have
shown that when mothers take folic acid before conception, children have increased
methylation of this gene. Which of the following is the best explanation for how this
increased methylation could be beneficial? –
The increased methylation decreases the space between nucleosomes, decreasing the
expression of the IGF2 gene.
Which of the following sequences represents a coding strand of DNA that leads to the
production of the following polypeptide chain: Tyr Cys Val –
5' TAC TGT GTA 3'
Which of the following accurately compares DNA mismatch repair and nucleotide
excision repair?
- Both processes involve recognition of the section requiring repair, removal of this
section, replacement of the bases with DNA polymerase, and ligation.
Which of the following best describes the role of nonhomologous end joining?
Complementary DNA and/or RNA molecules pair with each other by hydrogen
bonding during replication, transcription, or translation. Which of the following pairs
of molecules are complementary? (Select all that apply)
- tRNA and mRNA
mRNA and template DNA
During DNA replication the parent strands ______ and DNA polymerase______.
- separate, creates the new DNA strands
The following sequence is one strand of the DNA that makes up the SNCA gene that
codes for alpha-synuclein, a protein found in the brain. 5' ATGCGGTGACGG 3'
Which of the following is the complementary second DNA strand? –
5' CCGTCACCGCAT 3'
Assume you start with one copy of target DNA. How many copies of DNA will be
made after 4 rounds of PCR (assume 100% reaction efficiency)?
- 16
What are the necessary ingredients for a PCR reaction? –
dNTPs; thermostable DNA polymerase; DNA primers; double-stranded DNA
A frameshift mutation changed this sequence 5' AAC GCT TAG 3' to which of the
following? –
3' GAT TCG CA 5'
Which choice represents a silent mutation for this sequence: 5' GGU UGC ACU 3'? –
5' GGU UGC ACA 3'
Beta thalassemia is a disease that causes low levels of hemoglobin. To inherit this
autosomal disease, an individual must receive two mutant alleles. Which of the
following likely represents the chromosome pairs of a healthy parent who has a child
with beta thalassemia?
(The yellow band represents the mutant allele and the green band represents the normal
allele.) * - Option 3- The chromosomes of a healthy parent who has a child with beta
, thalassemia must be a carrier of the disease, i.e. the parent must have one copy of the
(dominant) normal allele and one copy of the (recessive) mutant allele.
Your black dog and your friend's white dog have puppies. If inheritance of coat color is
co-dominant, the coat color of the puppies will be ________________, the color will
be _______________ if incompletely dominant, and it will be _______________ if it
is complete dominant
- Black-and-white spotted, gray, black
Freidreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from multiple GAA
insertions into the FXN gene. Which of the following best illustrates the inheritance
pattern of Freidreich's ataxia in a family with the disease?
- None of these pedigrees are consistent with an autosomal recessive pattern.
The pedigree chart for Option 3 shows evidence of carriers, and both males and
females have Friedrich's ataxia in this chart. These properties of the chart indicate that
it is for an autosomal recessive disease.
Increased IGF2 expression is associated with many types of cancer. Studies have
shown that when mothers take folic acid before conception, children have increased
methylation of this gene. Which of the following is the best explanation for how this
increased methylation could be beneficial? –
The increased methylation decreases the space between nucleosomes, decreasing the
expression of the IGF2 gene.
Which of the following sequences represents a coding strand of DNA that leads to the
production of the following polypeptide chain: Tyr Cys Val –
5' TAC TGT GTA 3'
Which of the following accurately compares DNA mismatch repair and nucleotide
excision repair?
- Both processes involve recognition of the section requiring repair, removal of this
section, replacement of the bases with DNA polymerase, and ligation.
Which of the following best describes the role of nonhomologous end joining?
