McCance & Huether: Pathophysiology: The Biologic Basis for Disease in
Adults and Children, 5th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
TRUE/FALSE
1. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by a lack of a distinct nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells have
intracellular compartments bordered by membranes and a well-defined nucleus.
ANS: F REF: p. 1
2. Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.
ANS: T REF: p. 10
3. Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into
their interiors.
ANS: T REF: p. 7
4. The primary functions of the cell nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information.
ANS: T REF: p. 2
5. The chief function of ribosomes is to provide sites for lipid synthesis.
ANS: F REF: p. 4
, 6. If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers, most cells
experience apoptosis.
ANS: T REF: p. 19
7. The function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is to store energy in molecules of carbohydrates,
proteins and lipids, but not to transfer energy from one molecule to another.
ANS: F REF: p. 22
8. Diffusion is an example of active transport.
ANS: F REF: p. 25
9. Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.
ANS: F REF: p. 30
10. All body cells are electrically polarized with the inside of the cell being more negatively charged
than the outside.
ANS: T REF: p. 31
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
A. Cells can produce proteins.
B. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
C. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
D. Cells can synthesize fats.
, ANS: C REF: p. 2
2. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A. Lysosomes
B. Peroxisome
C. Ribosomes
D. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B REF: p. 7-8
3. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi complex
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D. Lysosomes
ANS: D REF: p. 6
4. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from
the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
A. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
B. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in a encapsulated membrane to the cell
membrane.
C. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.
, D. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the Golgi
complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane.
ANS: A REF: p. 6; p. 7; Caption of Fig 1-5, p. 7
5. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors,
transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
A. Lipids
B. Proteolytic cascade
C. Proteins
D. Carbohydrates
ANS: C REF: p. 12
6. Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and
complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?
A. Cardiac and vascular disorders
B. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
C. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
D. Endocrine disorders
ANS: B REF: p. 12
7. What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?
A. Carbohydrate chains
B. Glycoprotein channels
C. Membrane channel proteins
Adults and Children, 5th Edition
Test Bank
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
TRUE/FALSE
1. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by a lack of a distinct nucleus, whereas prokaryotic cells have
intracellular compartments bordered by membranes and a well-defined nucleus.
ANS: F REF: p. 1
2. Lipids and proteins are the major components of the plasma membrane.
ANS: T REF: p. 10
3. Lysosomes remain fully active by maintaining an acid pH created by pumping hydrogen ions into
their interiors.
ANS: T REF: p. 7
4. The primary functions of the cell nucleus are cell division and control of genetic information.
ANS: T REF: p. 2
5. The chief function of ribosomes is to provide sites for lipid synthesis.
ANS: F REF: p. 4
, 6. If cells are deprived of communication from extracellular chemical messengers, most cells
experience apoptosis.
ANS: T REF: p. 19
7. The function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is to store energy in molecules of carbohydrates,
proteins and lipids, but not to transfer energy from one molecule to another.
ANS: F REF: p. 22
8. Diffusion is an example of active transport.
ANS: F REF: p. 25
9. Phagocytosis is an example of exocytosis.
ANS: F REF: p. 30
10. All body cells are electrically polarized with the inside of the cell being more negatively charged
than the outside.
ANS: T REF: p. 31
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
A. Cells can produce proteins.
B. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
C. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
D. Cells can synthesize fats.
, ANS: C REF: p. 2
2. Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to remove
hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A. Lysosomes
B. Peroxisome
C. Ribosomes
D. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS: B REF: p. 7-8
3. Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during cell injury?
A. Ribosome
B. Golgi complex
C. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D. Lysosomes
ANS: D REF: p. 6
4. What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas cells from
the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
A. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
B. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in a encapsulated membrane to the cell
membrane.
C. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell membrane.
, D. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the Golgi
complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell membrane.
ANS: A REF: p. 6; p. 7; Caption of Fig 1-5, p. 7
5. What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors,
transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
A. Lipids
B. Proteolytic cascade
C. Proteins
D. Carbohydrates
ANS: C REF: p. 12
6. Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades such as caspase-mediated apoptosis and
complement cascade may be useful in designing drug therapy for which human diseases?
A. Cardiac and vascular disorders
B. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
C. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
D. Endocrine disorders
ANS: B REF: p. 12
7. What prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane?
A. Carbohydrate chains
B. Glycoprotein channels
C. Membrane channel proteins
