Final Exam Study Guide
(Complete Study Guide and resource for the exam)
Vasodialator and loop diuretics- use for hyper tension, orthostatic
hypotension, watch for dizziness
Digoxin discharge teaching, what must a client know how to do?
Patient must know how to take their pulse (hold if less than 60 or
more than 100)
Therapeutic range is 0.5-2.0
Treat heart failure and heart rhythm problems
If you miss a dose, do not doubt dose. Skip the dose if the next
dose is due in less than 12 hours. If the next dose is due in more
than 12 hours, take the dose as soon as remembered.
Maintain adequate hydration *Symptoms of
toxicity
Antacids delay absorption
It is best to take digoxin without food. Peak concentration is
reduced if taken with food. Meals containing increased fiber or
foods high in pectin may decrease absorption.
Maintain adequate potassium in diet
VBAK- Visual, bradycardia, ABD distress, potassium
Toxicity- hallow, bradycardia, GI upset.
How to monitor and interpret labs for potassium wasting diuretics.
Normal potassium ranges. Nursing interventions, potassium rich
foods
Normal range: 3.5-5.0
, Causes dysrhythmias with too much or too little
Loop diuretics or thiazide also need to monitor weight and report
any gain (greater than 2 lbs in 48 hours or 5 lbs in a week)-
pertains to all diuretics
Only prescribe Loop diuretics if HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide-
potassium wasting diuretic) treatment fails
Thiazide diuretic- (HCTZ) only used in patient who have normal
renal function
Potassium wasting mean you lose more potassium
Sweet potato, avocado, squash, spinach
Assess response to treatment and prevent adverse events:
electrolyte imbalance and decline in renal function
Potassium low offer- foods like bananas, avocado, squash, and
notify physician.
Actions of ACE inhibitors, think about chronotropic, inotropic etc.
“Pril” medications- prevent angiotensin
ACE inhibitors block angiotensin to cause diuresis by
blocking aldosterone production
Reduce cardiac work, helps with circulation
Vasodilator- opens blood vessels so heart doesn’t have to
work hard to push blood through system
Decreases calcium level
Chronotropic effects changes the heart rate
inotropic effects can be applies to the effect of a transmitter
substance or hormone on its target
Chronotropic: conduction speed
Inotropic: strength of conduction
What meds should not be given with grapefruit juice
(Complete Study Guide and resource for the exam)
Vasodialator and loop diuretics- use for hyper tension, orthostatic
hypotension, watch for dizziness
Digoxin discharge teaching, what must a client know how to do?
Patient must know how to take their pulse (hold if less than 60 or
more than 100)
Therapeutic range is 0.5-2.0
Treat heart failure and heart rhythm problems
If you miss a dose, do not doubt dose. Skip the dose if the next
dose is due in less than 12 hours. If the next dose is due in more
than 12 hours, take the dose as soon as remembered.
Maintain adequate hydration *Symptoms of
toxicity
Antacids delay absorption
It is best to take digoxin without food. Peak concentration is
reduced if taken with food. Meals containing increased fiber or
foods high in pectin may decrease absorption.
Maintain adequate potassium in diet
VBAK- Visual, bradycardia, ABD distress, potassium
Toxicity- hallow, bradycardia, GI upset.
How to monitor and interpret labs for potassium wasting diuretics.
Normal potassium ranges. Nursing interventions, potassium rich
foods
Normal range: 3.5-5.0
, Causes dysrhythmias with too much or too little
Loop diuretics or thiazide also need to monitor weight and report
any gain (greater than 2 lbs in 48 hours or 5 lbs in a week)-
pertains to all diuretics
Only prescribe Loop diuretics if HCTZ (hydrochlorothiazide-
potassium wasting diuretic) treatment fails
Thiazide diuretic- (HCTZ) only used in patient who have normal
renal function
Potassium wasting mean you lose more potassium
Sweet potato, avocado, squash, spinach
Assess response to treatment and prevent adverse events:
electrolyte imbalance and decline in renal function
Potassium low offer- foods like bananas, avocado, squash, and
notify physician.
Actions of ACE inhibitors, think about chronotropic, inotropic etc.
“Pril” medications- prevent angiotensin
ACE inhibitors block angiotensin to cause diuresis by
blocking aldosterone production
Reduce cardiac work, helps with circulation
Vasodilator- opens blood vessels so heart doesn’t have to
work hard to push blood through system
Decreases calcium level
Chronotropic effects changes the heart rate
inotropic effects can be applies to the effect of a transmitter
substance or hormone on its target
Chronotropic: conduction speed
Inotropic: strength of conduction
What meds should not be given with grapefruit juice
