HESI MED SURG PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2022

HESI MED SURG PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2022 A 25-year-old client was admitted yesterday after a motor vehicle collision. Neurodiagnostic studies showed a basal skull fracture in the middle fossa. Assessment on admission revealed both halo and Battle signs. Which new symptom indicates that the client is likely to be experiencing a common life-threatening complication associated with a basal skull fracture? A 43-year-old homeless, malnourished female client with a history of alcoholism is transferred to the ICU. She is placed on telemetry, and the rhythm strip shown is obtained. The nurse palpates a heart rate of 160 beats/min, and the client's blood pressure is 90/54. Based on these findings, which IV medication should the nurse administer? A 55-year-old male client has been admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which risk factor is the most significant in the development of this client's COPD? A 55-year-old male client is admitted to the coronary care unit having suffered an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Within 24 hours of the occurrence, the nurse can expect to find which systemic sign? A 58-year-old client, who has no health problems, asks the nurse about taking the pneumococcal vaccine (Pneumovax). Which statement given by the nurse would offer the client accurate information about this vaccine? A 58-year-old female client tells the nurse that she feels a sense of loss since she has stopped having menstrual periods. She then states, "At least I will no longer have to suffer through those horrible Pap smear tests every year." Which action should the nurse implement? A 62-year-old woman who lives alone tripped on a rug in her home and fractured her hip. Which predisposing factor most likely contributed to the fracture in the proximal end of her femur? A 63-year-old client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted for treatment of an ulcer on the heel of the left foot that has not healed with conventional wound care. The nurse observes that the entire left foot is darker in color than the right foot. Which additional symptom should the nurse expect to find? A 74-year-old male client is admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of respiratory failure secondary to pneumonia. Currently, he is ventilator-dependent with settings of tidal volume (VT) 750 ml and intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) rate of 10. ABG results are pH 7.48; PaCO2 30; PaO2 64; HCO3 25; and FiO2 0.80. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? A 77-year-old female client is admitted to the hospital. She is confused and has had no appetite for several days. She has been nauseated and vomited several times prior to admission. She is currently complaining of a headache. Her pulse rate is 43 beats/min. The nurse is most concerned about the client's history related to what medication? A central venous catheter has been inserted via a jugular vein and a radiograph has confirmed placement of the catheter. A prescription has been received for a stat medication, but IV fluids have not yet been started. What action should the nurse take prior to administering the prescribed medication? A client diagnosed with angina pectoris complains of chest pain while ambulating in the hallway. Which action should the nurse implement first? A client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) 2 years ago is regularly treated at a community hemodialysis facility. In assessing the client before his scheduled dialysis treatment, which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse anticipate? A client in the emergency department is bleeding profusely from a gunshot wound to the abdomen. In what position should the nurse immediately place the client to promote maintenance of the client's blood pressure above a systolic pressure of 90 mm Hg? A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of severe acute diverticulitis. Which nursing intervention has the highest priority A client is admitted with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What is the nurse's rationale for keeping the client's oxygen administration level at 3 L/min or less? A client is being discharged following radioactive seed implantation for prostate cancer. What is the most important information for the nurse to provide this client's family? A client is placed on a mechanical ventilator following a cerebral hemorrhage, and vecuronium bromide (Norcuron) 0.04 mg/kg every 12 hours IV is prescribed. What is the priority nursing diagnosis for this client? A client is ready for discharge following creation of an ileostomy. Which instruction should the nurse include in discharge teaching? A client who is being monitored with telemetry has a pattern of uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. Based on this finding, the nurse anticipates administering which treatment? A client who is receiving an ACE inhibitor for hypertension calls the clinic and reports the recent onset of a cough to the nurse. What action should the nurse implement? A client with alcohol-related liver disease is admitted to the unit. Which prescription should the nurse question as possibly inappropriate for this client? A client with chronic asthma is admitted to postanesthesia complaining of pain at a level of 8 of 10, with a blood pressure of 124/78, pulse of 88 beats/min, and respirations of 20 breaths/min. The postanesthesia recovery prescription is, "Morphine 2 to 4 mg IV push while in recovery for pain level over 5." What intervention should the nurse implement? A client with cirrhosis develops increasing pedal edema and ascites. What dietary modification is most important for the nurse to teach this client? A client with cirrhosis states that his disease was caused by a blood transfusion. What information should the nurse obtain first to provide effective client teaching? A client with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation develops ventricular ectopy with a pattern of 8 ectopic beats/min. What action should the nurse take based on this observation? A client with hypertension has been receiving ramipril (Altace) 5 mg PO daily for 2 weeks and is scheduled to receive a dose at 0900. At 0830 the client's blood pressure is 120/70. What action should the nurse take? A client with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) takes metformin (Glucophage) daily. The client is scheduled for major surgery requiring general anesthesia the next day. The nurse anticipates the use of which approach to best manage the client's diabetes while the client is NPO during the perioperative period?