TEST-BANK-FOR-CONNECT-CORE-CONCEPTS-IN-HEALTH-12TH-EDITION

TEST-BANK-FOR-CONNECT-CORE-CONCEPTS-IN-HEALTH-12TH-EDITION CHAPTER 2 STRESS: THE CONSTANT CHALLENGE Multiple Choice 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding stress and the lives of college students? A. It is a period of low stress. B. It is a period when stress is easily managed. C. It may be one of the most stressful periods in one’s life. D. It is a period where stress will have little impact on your sense of wellness. Answer: C Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 2. The term stress refers to A. an unpleasant situation that disrupts normal activity. B. situations that can trigger physical and emotional reactions. C. a physical reaction to fright. D. any imbalance of homeostasis. Answer: B Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 3. Situations that trigger physical and emotional reactions are termed A. stress responses. B. stressors. C. unmanaged stress. D. distress. Answer: B Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 4. Which one of the following is a stressor? A. bad grade B. sweaty palms C. rapid pulse D. high fever Answer: A Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 5. Which of the following systems are responsible for your body’s physical response to stressors? A. cardiovascular and respiratory B. nervous and endocrine C. digestive and lymph D. muscular and skeletal Answer: B Page(s): 32-33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 6. The autonomic nervous system controls all the following, EXCEPT the A. ability to digest food. B. speed of your heart rate. C. ability to write. D. ability to alter your blood pressure. Answer: C Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 7. The parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system A. is responsible for mobilizing energy sources for use in a crisis. B. activates the endocrine system. C. is in control when one is frightened or angry. D. aids in digestion and promoting growth. Answer: D Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 8. The branch of the autonomic nervous system that is activated when a person is exposed to a stressor is the nervous system. A. central B. somatic C. parasympathetic D. sympathetic Answer: D Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 9. The system of glands, tissues, and cells that helps control body functions by releasing hormones is the A. central nervous system. B. endocrine system. C. reproductive system. D. digestive system. Answer: B Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 10. During the stress response, the human adrenal glands release A. adrenocorticotropic hormone. B. epinephrine. C. endorphins. D. norepinephrine. Answer: B Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 11. During the stress response, which of the following changes occurs throughout the body as a result of epinephrine being released? A. Your hearing and vision become more acute. B. Your air passages dilate and allow more air into the lungs. C. Your liver releases more sugar into the blood. D. Your hearing and vision become more acute, and your air passages dilate and allow more air into the lungs. E. All of the choices are correct. Answer: E Page(s): 33-34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 12. Which of the following body reactions is characteristic of the stress response? A. Your pupils constrict. B. Your blood pressure increases. C. Your digestion speeds up. D. Your heart rate decreases. Answer: B Page(s): 34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 13. All of the following are TRUE regarding the fight-or-flight reaction, EXCEPT A. it is a relatively new human adaptation. B. it enables our bodies to prepare quickly escape from an injury. C. it prepares our bodies to engage in a physical battle. D. it enables our bodies to prepare quickly escape from an injury and prepares our bodies to engage in a physical battle. Answer: A Page(s): 33-34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 14. The branch of the autonomic nervous system that slows down the body as it recovers from exposure to a stressor is the nervous system. A. central B. somatic C. parasympathetic D. sympathetic Answer: C Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 15. Homeostasis A. is a state of unmanaged stress. B. describes the body during the fight-or-flight reaction. C. is a state of normal “housekeeping” functions. D. is the response of the body to prolonged exposure to stressors. Answer: C Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 16. Once the stressful situation ends, your parasympathetic nervous system A. increases heart rate. B. slows breathing. C. slows digestion D. increases perspiration. Answer: B Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 17. The somatic nervous system manages A. conscious actions. B. emotions. C. the fight-or-flight reaction to a stressor. D. hormones released in response to a stressor. Answer: A Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 18. Which of the following nervous systems manages John’s moves as he participates in a spinning exercise class? A. autonomic B. sympathetic C. parasympathetic D. somatic Answer: D Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 19. The sum of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional tendencies refers to one’s A. personality. B. wellness. C. happiness. D. ability to succeed in life. Answer: A Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 20. The personality type associated with relaxation and contemplation is A. Type A B. Type B C. Type C D. Type D Answer: B Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 21. An individual with a Type C personality is characterized by A. having a greater tolerance of others. B. being contemplative. C. having difficulty expressing emotions. D. being controlling. Answer: C Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 22. A person who suppresses anger and feels hopeless has characteristics of which personality type? A. Type A B. Type B C. Type C D. Type D Answer: C Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 23. Which statement about people with hardy personalities is FALSE? A. They view stressors as challenges. B. They tend to perceive fewer situations as stressful. C. They tend to believe their lives are controlled by outside factors. D. They feel at least partly in control of their lives. Answer: C Page(s): 35-36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 24. An example of a resilient person would be A. a low-income student graduating from college. B. a fit person completing a marathon. C. an intelligent person failing an exam. D. a person with a disability going undiagnosed. Answer: A Page(s): 36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 25. The way in which an individual responds to stress is influenced by A. biological predispositions. B. past experiences. C. current circumstances. D. personality type. E. All of these influence the way an individual response to stress. Answer: E Page(s): 35-36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 26. The more intense an emotional response to a stressor, the the physical response will be. A. weaker B. stronger C. a or b D. It makes no difference. Answer: B Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 27. According to the American Psychological Association, the percentage of adult Americans who suffer from stress-related health problems is between A. 40 and 50 percent. B. 50 and 60 percent. C. 60 and 70 percent. D. 70 and 80 percent. Answer: A Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 28. GAS is an acronym for A. genetically alleviated stress. B. growth adjustment of stress. C. general adaptation syndrome. D. general acceleration due to stress. Answer: C Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 29. Eustress A. is stress that is triggered by something pleasant. B. is much more common than distress. C. does not trigger the stress response. D. is a specific type of distress. Answer: A Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: List common sources of stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 30. Mohammed just received an F on his term paper. Which type of stress is he likely to experience? A. eustress B. malstress C. distress D. unmanaged stress Answer: C Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: List common sources of stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 31. The fight-or-flight reaction occurs during which stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. alarm B. resistance C. exhaustion D. recovery Answer: A Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 32. Tom is very anxious about an upcoming exam. He has no appetite, is easily distracted, and has a headache. In what stage of the general adaptation syndrome is Tom? A. alarm B. acceleration C. resistance D. exhaustion Answer: A Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis 33. During the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the body A. is in a relaxed state. B. responds to the activation of the sympathetic nervous system. C. readjusts, regulating body systems to establish a new level of homeostasis. D. can no longer react effectively to normal life situations. Answer: C Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 34. General exhaustion results when A. the fight-or-flight reaction is resolved. B. stress-related hormones are secreted. C. distress occurs. D. a stressor persists over a long period of time. Answer: D Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 35. Which one of the following is NOT a stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. alarm B. acceleration C. resistance D. exhaustion Answer: B Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 36. The result of the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome may include all of the following, EXCEPT A. maintenance of homeostasis. B. death. C. distorted perceptions. D. disorganized thinking. Answer: A Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 37. The long-term wear and tear of the stress response has been termed A. eustress. B. distress. C. homeostasis. D. the allostatic load. Answer: D Page(s): 38 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 38. Which one of the following has been linked to a high allostatic load? A. obesity B. hypertension C. reduced immune function D. obesity and hypertension E. All of these choices are correct. Answer: E Page(s): 38 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 39. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding a high allostatic load? A. A high allostatic load is linked with physical wellness. B. A high allostatic load is linked with hypertension. C. A high allostatic load is linked with obesity. D. A high allostatic load is linked with heart disease. Answer: A Page(s): 38 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 40. Which of the following is a hormone involved in the regulation of mood and social interaction? A. insulin B. oxygen C. niacin D. oxytocin Answer: D Page(s): 38 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 41. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of the interaction among all the following systems, EXCEPT the system. A. nervous B. endocrine C. immune D. respiratory Answer: D Page(s): 39 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 42. Shauna expects all of the following to happen when she is stressed, EXCEPT A. an increase in heart rate. B. a dilation of her blood vessels. C. an increase in blood pressure. D. an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Answer: B Page(s): 34, 39 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 43. Which one of the following characteristics is most closely associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease? A. hostility B. excitability C. lack of purpose D. procrastination Answer: A Page(s): 39 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 44. Stress has been found to contribute to which of the following psychological problems? A. depression B. post-traumatic stress disorder C. eating disorders D. depression and eating disorders E. All of the choices are correct. Answer: E Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 45. Which one of the following has NOT been linked to unmanaged stress? A. psychological problems B. pregnancy complications C. digestive problems D. glaucoma Answer: D Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 46. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding stress? A. Positive events are less stressful than negative events. B. The college years are often one of the most stressful periods of a person’s life. C. Changes in one’s life are significant stressors. D. Financial problems are significant stressors. Answer: A Page(s): 40, 41-42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 47. The primary determinant of the health consequences of stress is A. whether it is emotional or physical stress. B. whether it is pleasant or unpleasant stress. C. how long the stress has been present. D. how the individual responds to the stress. Answer: D Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 48. About 90 percent of all headaches are A. tension headaches. B. migraines. C. cluster headaches. D. sinus headaches. Answer: A Page(s): 41 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 49. The majority of migraine sufferers are A. men. B. women. C. teenagers. D. elderly. Answer: B Page(s): 41 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 50. According to your text, which of the following are common sources of stress for most college students? A. academic demands and time management concerns B. children and pets C. laundry and dishes D. involvement in political causes Answer: A Page(s): 41 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 51. Americans rate as a key source of stress in their lives. A. work B. money C. children D. sexual problems Answer: A Page(s): 42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 52. New technologies can be A. time-savers. B. new sources of stress. C. new sources of lessening stress. D. all of the above. Answer: D Page(s): 42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 53. Acts of violence, industrial accidents, and intrusive noises are examples of A. external stressors. B. social stressors. C. internal stressors. D. environmental stressors. Answer: D Page(s): 42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis 54. Unrealistic expectations are a type of stressor. A. interpersonal B. internal C. environmental D. social Answer: B Page(s): 43 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 55. Which of the following would be the LEAST effective strategy for coping with stress? A. denying the reality of the stress B. exercising C. improving time-management skills D. maintaining a strong social support system Answer: A Page(s): 43, 48-49 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 56. If you are still emotionally distressed days or weeks after a tragic event, A. that is normal; give yourself more time. B. consider sharing your feelings with others. C. consider seeking professional help. D. A and B Answer: C Page(s): 44 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 57. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding exercise and its ability to help manage stress? A. Exercise enhances one’s sense of general well-being. B. Exercise reduces energy levels. C. Exercise reduces anxiety levels. D. Exercise decreases tension. Answer: B Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 58. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding exercise and its ability to help manage stress? A. A long walk can help increase blood pressure. B. A brisk 10-minute walk can relax and energize you up to ten hours. C. Three 45-minute walks per week can increase your sense of wellness. D. A and C Answer: C Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 59. Exercise can A. increase your blood pressure. B. become another stressor in a highly stressed life. C. improve your sense of wellness. D. B and C Answer: D Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 60. Which of the following is NOT a reason why one should avoid or limit caffeine as a stress management technique? A. Caffeine is mildly addictive. B. Caffeine is associated with irritability. C. Caffeine might cause sleeplessness. D. Caffeine acts as a sedative. Answer: D Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 61. All of the following occur in non-REM sleep, EXCEPT A. the release of growth hormone. B. a drop in heart rate. C. slower and more even brain waves. D. the occurrence of dreams. Answer: D Page(s): 47 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 62. Peak concentrations of the levels of stress hormones in the bloodstream occur A. just before dinner. B. just after lunch. C. just before bedtime. D. during the final stages of sleep. Answer: D Page(s): 47 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 63. Regarding a good night’s sleep, A. American adults sleep an average of less than 6 hours per night. B. the body is completely still and relaxed during REM. C. the more sleep you get, the lower your stress levels. D. an increase in total sleep time causes an increase in the level of stress hormones. Answer: A Page(s): 47 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 64. If you are bothered by insomnia, you may try A. going to bed at the same time and getting up at the same time seven days per week. B. taking several naps during the day. C. exercising just before bedtime to ensure fatigue. D. all of the above. Answer: A Page(s): 48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 65. The biggest single time-management problem for most people is A. procrastination. B. list writing. C. goal setting. D. overconfidence. Answer: A Page(s): 48-49 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 66. According to your text, a person seeking to overcome procrastination should A. avoid asking others for help. B. do favorite tasks first to build up momentum. C. make narrow time frames to complete tasks. D. divide tasks into groups that can be prioritized. Answer: D Page(s): 48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 67. Which one of the following statements reflects your text’s recommendations regarding the prioritization of tasks? A. Tasks should be divided into two groups: hard and easy. B. Tasks should be divided into three groups, and you should ignore the least important group. C. Some attention should be paid to all tasks, even if it is only a few minutes. D. Priorities should be based on whether or not you like performing the task. Answer: B Page(s): 48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 68. In terms of time-management strategies, which one of the following is NOT considered helpful to you in improving your efficiency at completing your tasks? A. aiming for realistic goals B. writing down your goals C. memorizing your goals D. allowing more time to achieve your goals than you actually expect them to take Answer: C Page(s): 48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 69. All of the following are recommended by your text as time-management strategies, EXCEPT A. setting priorities. B. breaking down long-term goals into short term ones. C. avoiding unstructured time. D. keeping track of tasks you put off. Answer: C Page(s): 48-49 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 70. Which of the following would NOT be helpful to you in attempting to improve your productivity? A. Focus on long-term goals only. B. Visualize achievement of your goals. C. Delegate responsibility. D. Say “no” when necessary. Answer: A Page(s): 48-49 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 71. Because watching television is usually a “time sink” while you are on a deadline, it is wise to A. limit your television break to 5-10 minutes. B. avoid turning on the television. C. realize you need a break and just watch a few shows. D. surf the Internet for a few minutes instead. Answer: B Page(s): 49 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 72. Which one of the following is a cognitive technique for stress management? A. progressive relaxation B. imagery C. meditation D. thinking constructively Answer: D Page(s): 50 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 73. Which one of the following is NOT a cognitive technique for stress management? A. solving problems B. setting moderate expectations C. maintaining positivity D. using imagery Answer: D Page(s): 50-52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 74. Laughter does all of the following, EXCEPT A. aid digestion. B. increase pulse rate. C. ease pain. D. lower blood pressure. Answer: D Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 75. Laughter may be the best medicine for stress because after a good laugh your A. heart rate is increased. B. muscles are relaxed. C. blood pressure is increased. D. stress levels return to their pre-laughter level. Answer: B Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 76. A helpful behavior in dealing with stressful situations is to A. keep a mental log of past mistakes and errors as an instant reference. B. cultivate the ability to laugh at yourself. C. attempt to fulfill others’ expectations. D. work hard so that you can play hard. Answer: B Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 77. Philip is attempting to deal with his stress. Which of the following would NOT be helpful? A. thinking and acting constructively B. keeping his expectations at moderate and achievable levels C. trying to remember as much information as possible D. living in the present Answer: C Page(s): 50-51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 78. Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding the relaxation response? A. Metabolism and oxygen consumption are reduced. B. Brain waves shift from an alert beta rhythm to a relaxed alpha rhythm. C. Blood flow to the brain and skin is reduced. D. You may feel an overall warmth and quiet mental alertness. Answer: C Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 79. Progressive relaxation techniques A. involve tensing and then relaxing the muscles in your body. B. increase heart rate. C. involve a lot of imagination and willpower. D. can be quite complex and difficult to master. Answer: A Page(s): 51-52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 80. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of progressive relaxation? A. It is based on the use of your imagination and your skill at imagery. B. It requires no willpower or imagination. C. It increases oxygen consumption to the muscles. D. It is the only relaxation technique that also permits you to achieve cardiovascular fitness benefits. Answer: B Page(s): 51-52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 81. Progressive relaxation is best described by which one of the following statements? A. It is a mental exercise that requires special training to address stress. B. It is a form of cognitive development. C. It is a process that uses simple tensing and relaxing of muscles. D. It is an aerobic exercise. Answer: C Page(s): 51-52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 82. Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding imagery? A. Visualizing yourself performing a task can help improve performance. B. Imagery can be an aid in changing habits. C. Imagery can enhance physical performance. D. Imagery is a cognitive technique designed to change typical patterns of thinking. Answer: D Page(s): 52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 83. Carey would like to use meditation to help her manage her stress. Which of the following is likely to happen as a result of her use of this technique? A. It will help her tune out the world, temporarily removing sources of stress. B. It will help her rehearse upcoming events so that stress in her life will be reduced. C. It will help her to analyze the stressors in her life more effectively. D. It will help her visualize her tasks that need to be completely in a more efficient way. Answer: A Page(s): 52 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 84. A stress management technique that focuses primarily on your breathing pattern is called A. hatha yoga. B. deep breathing. C. t’ai chi ch’uan. D. laughter. Answer: B Page(s): 53 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 85. Which of the following stress management techniques emphasizes the use of breathing, stretching, and balance? A. meditation B. hatha yoga C. visualization D. progressive relaxation Answer: B Page(s): 53 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 86. Tai chi can be an effective stress reducer as it A. teaches students to remain calm and centered. B. is an excellent cardiovascular workout. C. aids the student in working against various stressors. D. is easily self-taught. Answer: A Page(s): 53 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 87. Biofeedback helps people reduce stress by A. removing internal and external stressors. B. cleaning the body of toxins. C. increasing muscle strength and flexibility. D. enabling them to become more aware of their levels of physiological arousals. Answer: D Page(s): 53-54 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 88. All of these are considered counterproductive coping strategies, EXCEPT A. tobacco use. B. drug abuse. C. use of a multivitamin. D. alcohol use. Answer: C Page(s): 54-55 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 89. Approximately of Americans use food as a coping device against stress. A. 20 to 30 percent B. 30 to 40 percent C. 40 to 50 percent D. more than 50 percent Answer: A Page(s): 55 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 90. The first step in creating a personal plan for managing stress is to A. design your plan. B. identify your stressors. C. seek professional help. D. investigate support groups. Answer: B Page(s): 56 Learning Objective: Put together a plan for successfully managing the stress in your life Topic Area: Creating a Personal Plan For Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis True/False 91. A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as challenging. Answer: False Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 92. The stress response in the human being is triggered by a nonspecific agent called a stressor. Answer: True Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 93. Responses to stressors include physical and emotional behavioral responses. Answer: True Page(s): 32 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 94. The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system initiates the stress response. Answer: False Page(s): 32-33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 95. Endorphins are body-produced chemicals that relieve pain in case of injury. Answer: True Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 96. Homeostasis is the body’s state of normalcy. Answer: True Page(s): 33 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 97. The fight-or-flight response prepares the body for physical action regardless of whether action is needed. Answer: True Page(s): 34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 98. The physical response to a stressor has little variance in intensity from person to person. Answer: False Page(s): 34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 99. The physical response to taking a final exam varies in intensity from student to student. Answer: True Page(s): 34 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 100. Careful planning and preparation can help make academic stressors more predictable and manageable. Answer: True Page(s): 34-35 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 101. A stressful situation would be one an individual perceives as exceeding her ability to cope. Answer: True Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 102. The somatic nervous system is largely under conscious control. Answer: True Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 103. Type B personalities tend to be schedule driven, competitive, and even hostile. Answer: False Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 104. People with Type C personalities tend to have no difficulty expressing emotion. Answer: False Page(s): 35 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 105. Individuals with psychological hardiness view stressors as opportunities for growth. Answer: True Page(s): 35-36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 106. The three basic types of resiliency center on how individuals respond to stress. Answer: True Page(s): 36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 107. An individual’s cultural background plays no part in her or his reaction to a stressor. Answer: False Page(s): 36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 108. The culturally expected pattern of behaviors and attitudes based on one’s gender is known as gender role. Answer: True Page(s): 36 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 109. Physical, emotional, and behavioral responses to stressors are intimately related. Answer: True Page(s): 36-37 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 110. The general adaptation syndrome is believed to be a universal and predictable response pattern to all stressors. Answer: True Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 111. Eustress is linked with negative stressors. Answer: False Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 112. Distress is linked with positive stressors. Answer: False Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 113. The resistance state of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by symptoms such as distorted perceptions and disorganized thinking. Answer: False Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 114. The fight-or-flight reaction occurs during the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome. Answer: False Page(s): 37 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis 115. Women and men experience stress differently. Answer: True Page(s): 38 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 116. Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of the relationship between one’s mental health and immune system. Answer: False Page(s): 39 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 117. In general, increased levels of cortisol are linked to a decreased function of the immune system. Answer: True Page(s): 39 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 118. There is no link between cardiovascular heart disease and stress. Answer: False Page(s): 39 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 119. There is very little research linking stress to psychological problems such as depression and panic attacks. Answer: False Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 120. There is a strong link between psychological disorders and stress. Answer: True Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 121. People with more stress tend to have more colds. Answer: True Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 122. Insomnia, headaches, and digestive problems may be caused by uncontrolled stress. Answer: True Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 123. There is evidence to support the idea that major changes in a person’s life contribute to illness. Answer: True Page(s): 40 Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 124. Daily hassles such as misplacing your car keys are often greater sources of stress than major life changes. Answer: True Page(s): 41 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 125. People who work in rewarding “helping” professions, such as teachers and social workers, are less prone to burnout than are people in other types of professions. Answer: False Page(s): 42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 126. Continuous, loud, background music is an example of a social stressor. Answer: False Page(s): 42 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 127. The ability to trust others is an effective coping behavior. Answer: True Page(s): 43 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 128. People who have an effective support system seem to be better insulated against the effects of some diseases. Answer: True Page(s): 43-44 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 129. Studies have shown that married people live longer than single people (including those who are divorced, widowed, or never married). Answer: True Page(s): 43 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 130. Ineffective behavioral responses to stressors may include talking or laughing. Answer: False Page(s): 43-44, 51 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 131. A person can develop post-traumatic stress disorder by simply watching tragic events on television. Answer: True Page(s): 44 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 132. Regular physical activity can reduce various aspects of stress. Answer: True Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 133. Regular physical activity trains your body to return to homeostasis more quickly after a stressful situation. Answer: True Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 134. Caffeine consumption is associated with lower levels of cortisol. Answer: False Page(s): 46 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 135. Lack of sleep can be both a cause and effect of excess stress. Answer: True Page(s): 47-48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Analysis 136. Lack of sleep can cause an increase in the level of stress hormones. Answer: True Page(s): 47 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 137. Over half the adults in the United States suffer from insomnia. Answer: True Page(s): 47 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 138. Laughing is an effective behavioral response to stress. Answer: True Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Explain what stress is and how people react to it – physically, emotionally, and behaviorally Topic Area: What is Stress? Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 139. Smiling can produce changes in the autonomic nervous system. Answer: True Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 140. During the relaxation response, heart rate, breathing, and metabolism slow down. Answer: True Page(s): 51 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 141. A counterproductive coping strategy is alcohol use. Answer: True Page(s): 55 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge 142. Research supports the regular use of marijuana as an effective stress management technique. Answer: False Page(s): 55 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Situation Sue has been attending college for about a month. During the past week, she has been having trouble sleeping, experiencing headaches, and is having trouble concentrating, especially when she has an upcoming test. 143. Sue most likely is experiencing A. eustress. B. test anxiety. C. depression. D. burnout. Answer: B Page(s): 40, 41, 47 Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 144. A lack of sleep can be both a cause and an effect of stress. In order to overcome insomnia, Sue should consider A. taking a nap when she feels tired. B. exercising just before going to bed to release excess stress. C. using her bed only for sleeping, not for studying. D. sleeping in on weekends. Answer: C Page(s): 48 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Application 145. Which of the following strategies would NOT help alleviate Sue’s symptoms? A. ignoring the symptoms because they will go away with time B. learning and practicing muscle relaxation C. devising a study plan D. practice deep breathing exercise during stressful times Answer: A Page(s): 47-53 Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension Short Essay 146. Describe the three stages of the general adaptation syndrome, and give examples that support each. Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 147. List and explain the three common factors that negatively impact time management. Give three characteristics that are representative of each factor and at least two strategies for managing time more effectively. Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge; Analysis 148. Describe how stress levels can affect the immune system, and give three examples of stress- related health problems that could result from changes in immune system functioning. Learning Objective: Describe the relationship between stress and disease Topic Area: Stress and Health Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension 149. List your top three stressors. Detail a plan to lessen each of these stressors using the methods detailed in this chapter. Learning Objective: List common sources of stress; Put together a plan for successfully managing the stress in your life Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress; Creating a Personal Plan For Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge; Synthesis 150. Carrie constantly finds herself worrying about events that haven’t happened yet. As a result, she has trouble sleeping and experiences frequent headaches. Give Carrie six cognitive techniques that she could use to help her cope with stressors that greatly impact her life. Remember to fully explain your selection process and the benefits of each. Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge; Analysis 151. Select a common college stressor and describe how it would affect one’s stress levels. Then choose and explain three possible stress management techniques that you think would be particularly useful for coping with the stressor. Learning Objective: Describe techniques for preventing and managing stress Topic Area: Managing Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Comprehension; Analysis 152. Consider your living environment (school, work, or home). List three environmental factors that can increase your stress levels. How can you make each factor less stressful? Learning Objective: List common sources of stress Topic Area: Common Sources of Stress Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge; Synthesis