Unit 14 - Applications of Organic Chemistry
Assignment 1 - Functional group chemistry for designer molecules.
Halogenoalkanes
Halogenoalkanes are compounds that have one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by halogen atoms
in an alkane. Some examples of halogenoalkanes:
The position of the halogen atom on the carbon atom chain divides halogenoalkanes into several
types. Chemical distinctions exist between the various varieties.
Primary Halogenoalkane
The carbon carrying the halogen atom is only connected to one other alkyl group, in a primary (1°)
halogenoalkane. A few examples of primary halogenoalkane:
It makes no difference how complex the connected alkyl group is. There is only one bond to an alkyl
group from the CH2 group that holds the halogen in each circumstance. However, there is an
exception to this rule. Even though there are no alkyl groups connected to the carbon with the
halogen, CH3Br and other methyl halides are frequently classified as primary halogenoalkanes.
Secondary Halogenoalkane
The carbon with the halogen attached is connected directly to two other alkyl groups, which may be
the same or different, in a secondary (2°) halogenoalkane. Two examples of secondary
halogenoalkane:
Tertiary Halogenoalkane
The carbon atom carrying the halogen is directly connected to three alkyl groups in a tertiary (3°)
halogenoalkane, which can be any combination of same or different. Two examples of this are:
Assignment 1 - Functional group chemistry for designer molecules.
Halogenoalkanes
Halogenoalkanes are compounds that have one or more hydrogen atoms replaced by halogen atoms
in an alkane. Some examples of halogenoalkanes:
The position of the halogen atom on the carbon atom chain divides halogenoalkanes into several
types. Chemical distinctions exist between the various varieties.
Primary Halogenoalkane
The carbon carrying the halogen atom is only connected to one other alkyl group, in a primary (1°)
halogenoalkane. A few examples of primary halogenoalkane:
It makes no difference how complex the connected alkyl group is. There is only one bond to an alkyl
group from the CH2 group that holds the halogen in each circumstance. However, there is an
exception to this rule. Even though there are no alkyl groups connected to the carbon with the
halogen, CH3Br and other methyl halides are frequently classified as primary halogenoalkanes.
Secondary Halogenoalkane
The carbon with the halogen attached is connected directly to two other alkyl groups, which may be
the same or different, in a secondary (2°) halogenoalkane. Two examples of secondary
halogenoalkane:
Tertiary Halogenoalkane
The carbon atom carrying the halogen is directly connected to three alkyl groups in a tertiary (3°)
halogenoalkane, which can be any combination of same or different. Two examples of this are:
