TEST BANK FOR Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition By Kaplan

TEST BANK FOR Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition By Kaplan Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 1) According to a study (Espenshade & Chung, 2010; Jaschik, 2006), growing numbers of four-year colleges are not relying on the SAT test partly because of  a. budget constraints.  b. diversity concerns.  c. reliability issues.  d. quality control. Psychological tests  a. pertain only to overt behavior.  b. always have right or wrong answers.  c. do not attempt to measure traits.  d. measure characteristics of human behavior. The specific stimulus on a test to which a person responds overtly is called a(n)  a. overt event.  b. answer.  c. item.  d. scale. An individual test  a. involves a single examiner for two or more subjects.  b. involves only tests of human ability.  c. can only be given to one person at a time.  d. involves more than one examiner for a single subject. A group test  a. can be given to multiple people by one examiner.  b. can only be given to three people at a time.  c. involves a group of examiners for a single subject.  d. involves only tests of human ability. Previous learning can best be described as  a. achievement.  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. The potential for learning a specific skill can best be described as  a. achievement.  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. One's general potential, independent of prior learning, can best be described as  a. achievement. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. aptitude.  c. intelligence.  d. ability. Achievement, aptitude, and intelligence can be encompassed by the term  a. human potential.  b. human traits.  c. human personality.  d. human ability. Structured personality tests  a. require you to produce something spontaneously.  b. require you to choose between two or more alternative responses.  c. involve an ambiguous test stimulus about which the response is structured..  d. involve an ambiguous test response. The main purpose of psychological testing is to evaluate  a. covert behavior.  b. individual differences.  c. personality traits.  d. overt behavior. Projective personality tests  a. provide a statement, usually of the self-report variety.  b. require the subject to choose between two or more alternative responses  c. are unstructured.  d. are structured. Tests that measure an individual's typical behavior are called  a. ability tests.  b. personality tests.  c. intelligence tests.  d. group tests. Tests that provide a statement, usually of the self-report variety, and require the subject to choose between two or more alternative responses, are called  a. group tests.  b. individual tests.  c. structured personality tests.  d. projective personality tests. Personality tests in which the test stimulus and/or required response are ambiguous are called  a. projective personality tests.  b. structured personality tests.  c. unstructured personality tests.  d. achievement personality tests. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD| Which of the following is true of tests?  a. Tests produce explicit data that are subject to scientific study.  b. Tests are successful in separating prior learning from potential for learning.  c. Very few tests can actually predict behavior.  d. Tests can provide insight into overt but not covert behavior. Which of the following relates raw test scores to theoretical or empirical distributions?  a. transforms  b. reliability  c. scales  d. theories The general potential to solve problems, adapt, and profit from experience is called  a. ability  b. achievement  c. prediction  d. intelligence Which of the following is the most important function of testing?  a. To determine what sort of treatment or other intervention is appropriate  b. To develop accurate portraits of individuals  c. To discriminate among related constructs  d. To differentiate among individuals taking the test When you gather information through verbal interaction, you are using a(n)  a. individual test.  b. interview.  c. group test.  d. brainstorming. If one can depend upon the results of a particular test to be consistently accurate, the test can be said to be  a. valid.  b. structured.  c. unambiguous.  d. reliable. A test that yields dependable and consistent results is ____.  a. meaningful  b. objective  c. reliable  d. valid The validity of a psychological test refers to its  a. dependability. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. meaning.  c. objectivity.  d. fairness. If a particular test "X" has been shown to accurately predict success in a particular job, then the test is said to be  a. valid.  b. structured.  c. ambiguous.  d. reliable. Test administration refers to the  a. construction of the test.  b. validation of the test.  c. act of taking a test.  d. act of giving a test. What evolutionary constructs did Galton apply in his book “Hereditary Genius?  a. genetics and epigenetics  b. survival of the fittest and individual differences  c. random differences and population variation  d. evolution and selective breeding Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 2) The origins of testing can be traced to  a. Egypt.  b. England.  c. China.  d. Russia. The use of test batteries was common by the time of the  a. Ling Dynasty.  b. Han Dynasty.  c. Tam Dynasty.  d. Nam Dynasty. Two or more tests that are given together and relate seemingly diverse topics are called  a. structured.  b. unstructured.  c. batteries.  d. portfolios. Sir Francis Galton set out to show  a. that some humans possessed characteristics that made them more fit than other humans.  b. that humans did not differ significantly from each other.  c. that life evolved on this planet partially because of individual differences among individual forms of life within a species or type of animal. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  d. that the concept of survival of the fittest was essentially incorrect. The term "mental test" was coined by  a. Charles Darwin.  b. Sir Francis Galton.  c. Alfred Binet.  d. James M. Cattell. The work of Weber and Fechner represent which foundation of psychological testing?  a. individual differences  b. psychophysical measurement  c. survival of the fittest  d. Darwinian evolution Which of the following scientists is credited with founding the science of psychology?  a. Herbart  b. Wundt  c. Weber  d. Cattell The first version of the Binet-Simon scale was published in  a. 1896  b. 1905.  c. 1908.  d. 1911. Which test represented a major breakthrough in the measurement of cognitive ability?  a. Binet-Simon Scale  b. Seguin Form Board Test  c. Strong Vocational Interest Bank  d. Carnegie Interest Inventory It is important to obtain a standardization sample  a. to prevent bias in the development and scoring of the test.  b. to provide a reference sample to which the results of a new subject can be compared.  c. to separate the intellectually subnormal from the normal individual.  d. to ensure the representativeness of a sample. The first intelligence tests were developed for the purpose of  a. identifying gifted children.  b. finding the most suitable candidates for the U.S. Army.  c. measuring emotional instability.  d. identifying intellectually subnormal individuals. In order to establish norms, a large group of people is being given a test under the same conditions in which the test will actually be used. This group is called a(n) ____ group. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  a. reliability  b. standardization  c. random  d. experimental A standardization sample is representative if the sample  a. has been subjected to rigorous experimental control.  b. consists of individuals that are similar to the group to be tested.  c. consists of a great many individuals.  d. is administered in the same way as the actual test group will be. When a test is administered to the general population, norms should be established using a representative sample that  a. has been administered the test under standard conditions.  b. has been chosen in a completely random fashion.  c. represents all segments of the population in proportion to their numbers.  d. is comprised of a great many individuals. Administering a test with precisely the same instructions and format is giving it under  a. normative conditions.  b. standard conditions.  c. facilitative conditions.  d. group administration. Dr. Johnson is trying to establish norms for his new test. He determined that 50% of the people in the standardization sample should be Hispanic, 20% Caucasian, 15% Asian, and 15% African American. He is creating a  a. normalization group.  b. representative sample.  c. random sample.  d. population statistics. The Stanford-Binet intelligence scale was developed by  a. A. Binet.  b. T. Simon.  c. A. Binet and T. Simon.  d. L. M. Terman. The concept of mental age was introduced in  a. 1905.  b. 1908.  c. 1911.  d. 1916. Eight-year-old Daniel was administered the Binet-Simon Scale that suggested he was functioning at the same level as a senior in high school. This is an example of a(n)  a. outcome measure. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. mental age scale.  c. restandardization.  d. norm. A child's mental age  a. cannot be determined independently of the child's chronological age.  b. provides a measurement of a child's performance relative to other children of a particular age group.  c. cannot be determined from a child's test score.  d. can only be determined from large representative samples. The use of standardized tests after WWI culminated with the publication of the  a. Stanford Binet test.  b. Stanford Achievement Test.  c. Army Beta.  d. Army Alpha. The first group tests of human abilities were developed for  a. screening intellectually subnormal school children.  b. selecting soldiers to fight for the U.S. in World War I.  c. selecting pilots for advanced training in the World War II.  d. evaluating which students should be admitted to public universities. Which of the following is a group test of human ability for an adult that does NOT require the subject to be literate?  a. Army Alpha  b. Seguin Form Board  c. Army Beta  d. Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale Robert Yerkes led the team of psychologists that developed the  a. Army Alpha and Army Beta.  b. Seguin Form Board.  c. Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale.  d. Yerkes Personal Data Sheet. Which of the following tests produced both a verbal and a performance IQ?  a. Terman's Stanford-Binet  b. The 1908 Binet-Simon scale  c. The Army Beta  d. The Wechsler-Bellevue scale Test Bank for Psychological Testing Principles Applications and Issues 8th Edition by Kaplan (Sections 3) A trait is ____.  a. dependent upon the situation  b. defined as the motivating force behind behavior  c. strongly impacted by changes in the environment Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  d. an enduring disposition that distinguishes one individual from another The first structured personality test was the  a. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory.  b. Woodworth Personal Data Sheet.  c. Thematic Apperception Test.  d. 16 Personality Factors test. A major problem with the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet was that  a. it assumed the answers were acceptable at face value.  b. the normative sample was too small.  c. it was difficult to administer.  d. there were too few questions. Structured personality tests became unpopular in the 1930s and 1940s because they  a. were difficult to administer.  b. were too subjective.  c. were not standardized.  d. relied on the face value of responses. Which of the following is an example of a trait?  a. depression  b. fear  c. pessimism  d. anger The Rorschach was introduced into the United States by  a. Henry Murray.  b. Herman Rorschach.  c. Sam Beck.  d. David Levy. The Rorschach presents ambiguous stimuli to an individual who then provides his or her own personal interpretation. This is an example of what kind of test?  a. structured  b. projective  c. intelligence  d. abilities Who is associated with the development of the TAT?  a. Murray & Morgan  b. Terman & Binet  c. Levy & Beck  d. Morgan & Beck Which of the following are both projective tests?  a. the Rorschach and the MMPI Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  b. the Rorschach and the TAT  c. the Rorschach and the Woodworth Personal Data Sheet  d. the TAT and the MMPI Which of the following tests is purported to measure human needs?  a. 16PF  b. TAT  c. MMPI  d. Rorschach Who developed the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire?  a. J. R. Guilford  b. R.B. Cattell  c. L.L. Thurstone  d. Sam Beck The first attempt to apply factor analytic techniques to test construction were made by  a. Sam Beck.  b. R.B. Cattell.  c. Henry Murray.  d. J.R. Guilford. A method for finding the minimum number of dimensions to account for a large number of variables is called  a. correlational analysis.  b. multiple regression.  c. factor analysis.  d. analysis of variance. Factor analytic techniques were employed in the development of the  a. MMPI.  b. CPI.  c. TAT.  d. 16PF. The Shakow report emphasized that  a. most personality tests were invalid.  b. I.Q. tests should not be used to place children in special classes.  c. testing is a unique function of doctoral-level clinical psychologists  d. all tests must have normative samples. Jeremy lost his job very unexpectedly last year, and for a short while he was not as confident as usual. This change in his level of confidence was representative of a(n)  a. trait.  b. state.  c. abnormal behavior. Downloaded by Samprity Bhattacharya () lOMoARcPSD|  d. ability. Jeremy lost his job very unexpectedly last year, but he was as confident as usual. This change in his level of confidence was representative of a(n)  a. trait.  b. state.  c. abnormal behavior.  d. ability. Today, psychological testing  a. is regarded as having little room for improvement.  b. remains one of the most important yet controversial issues.  c. is mostly ignored because insurance companies will not pay for it.  d. is losing its credibility. Which individual developed tests to evaluate persons with emotional impairments?  a. Galton  b. Seguin  c. Kraepelin  d. Weber Which of the following contributed to the popularity of standardized achievement tests?  a. Their objectivity and ease of administration and scoring  b. Their ability to measure learning independently of intelligence  c. Their relationship to objective measures of neurological