NURS MISC Fundamentals Success 3e

Contents 1. Fundamentals of Critical Thinking Related to Test Taking............................................................................................................................1 INT RO DUCTION................................................................................................................................1 Definition of Critical Thinking..................................................................................................1 MAXIMIZE YOUR CRITICAL-THINKING ABILITIES.................................................................6 Be Positive: You Can Do It!......................................................................................................6 OVERCOME BARRIERS TO A POSITIVE MENTAL ATTITUDE........................................................6 Be Reflective: You Need to Take One Step Backward Before Taking Two Steps Forward! ....................................................................................................6 OVERCOME BARRIERS TO EFFECTIVE REFLECTION....................................................................9 Be Inquisitive: If You Don’t Go There, You’ll Never Get Anywhere!...............................9 OVERCOME BARRIERS TO BEING INQUISITIVE ........................................................................10 Be Creative: You Must Think Outside the Box!.................................................................11 OVERCOME BARRIERS TO CREATIVITY .....................................................................................11 CRITICAL THINKING APPLIED TO TEST TAKING ................................................................12 Educational Domains...............................................................................................................12 Components of a Multiple-Choice Question.......................................................................12 Cognitive Levels of Nursing Questions ................................................................................13 CRITICAL-THINKING STRATEGY TO ANSWER MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS: THE RACE MODEL............................................................................................13 Knowledge Questions: Remember Information!................................................................14 COGNITIVE REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................14 USE A CRITICAL-THINKING STRATEGY TO ANSWER KNOWLEDGE-LEVEL QUESTIONS ...........15 Comprehension Questions: Understand Information!......................................................17 COGNITIVE REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................17 USE A CRITICAL-THINKING STRATEGY TO ANSWER COMPREHENSION-LEVEL QUESTIONS ...........................................................................................................................18 Application Questions: Use Information!............................................................................20 COGNITIVE REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................20 USE A CRITICAL-THINKING STRATEGY TO ANSWER APPLICATION-LEVEL QUESTIONS ...........21 Analysis Questions: Scrutinize Information! ......................................................................23 COGNITIVE REQUIREMENTS......................................................................................................23 USE A CRITICAL-THINKING STRATEGY TO ANSWER ANALYSIS-LEVEL QUESTIONS ................24 SUMMARY........................................................................................................................................27 2. Nursing Within the Context of Contemporary Health Care................29 THEORY-BASED NURSING CARE.............................................................................................29 KEYWORDS......................................................................................................................................29 QUESTIONS.....................................................................................................................................29 ANSWERS AND RATIONALES ....................................................................................................35 LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES...................................................................................................44 KEYWORDS......................................................................................................................................44 QUESTIONS.....................................................................................................................................45 ANSWERS AND RATIONALES ....................................................................................................50 2779_FM_ 8/10/11 6:04 PM Page xix