Exam (elaborations) NUR 2212 Bioterrorism Questions and Answers

Exam (elaborations) NUR 2212 Bioterrorism Questions and Answers A client is admitted with dysphasia, dry mouth, drooping eyelids, blurred vision, vomiting, and diarrhea, and within 24 hours develops bilateral cranial nerve impairment and descending weakness. Which bioterrorism agent results in these clinical manifestations? 1 Plague 2 Anthrax Correct3 Botulism 4 Smallpox These symptoms are found with botulism. With anthrax and smallpox, a rash will be noted. Symptoms of lymphatic plague include fever and chills, painful lymphadenopathy, gastrointestinal symptoms, and progressive weakness. 57%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 9 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 4. o Chart/Exhibit 1 NUR 2212 Bioterrorism Questions and Answers The nurse is planning to triage clients after a disaster. Which client does the nurse categorize into the green-tagged category? 1 Client A 2 Client B 3 Client C Correct4 Client D The disaster triage tag system categorizes triage priority by color. Clients with minor injuries that can be managed in a delayed fashion are categorized as green­tagged. Therefore client D with bruises and lacerations on the skin is green­tagged. Client A, with the life­threatening condition of an airway obstruction is red­tagged. Client B with large wounds and open fractures needs treatment within 30 minutes to 2 hours and is yellow­tagged. Client C with critical massive head trauma is black­tagged. Test­Taking Tip: Chart/exhibit items present a situation and ask a question. A variety of objective and subjective information is presented about the client in formats such as the medical record (e.g., laboratory test results, results of diagnostic procedures, progress notes, healthcare provider orders, medication administration record, health history), physical assessment data, and assistant/client interactions. After analyzing the information presented, the test taker answers the question. These questions usually reflect the analyzing level of cognitive thinking. In a clinical exam, you may be expected to select instruments, arrange instruments, and/or perform some other task. Acquaint yourself with the physical facility. If the required procedures are not clear to you, ask for clarification. 86%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 0 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 6. Which tag color according to the disaster triage tag system is assigned to a client who has an immediate threat to life? Correct1 Red tag 2 Black tag 3 Green tag 4 Yellow tag According to the disaster triage tag system, a red colored tag is used for a client who has an immediate threat to life. A black colored tag is used for a client who is expected to die or is dead. Green colored tags are used for a client who has minor injuries. A yellow colored tag is used for a client who has major injuries and is requiring immediate treatment. 92%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 1 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 7. o Chart/Exhibit 1 The nurse is assessing four clients in the hospital. Which client should the nurse categorize in an emergent level according to the three-tiered triage system? Correct1 Client A 2 Client B 3 Client C 4 Client D The three­tiered triage system classifies clients into three levels based on their conditions. The emergent level includes those clients who are in a life­threatening condition and need immediate treatment. Client A has respiratory distress, which is a life­threatening condition and is, therefore, categorized in the emergent level. The urgent level includes those clients that need quick treatment but do not have lifethreatening complications. Client B has multiple fractures, which are not life­threatening but need quick treatment and is, therefore, categorized an urgent level. Client C has sprains and strains, which do not require immediate treatment, and the client is categorized in the non­urgent level. Client D has a cold, which does not require immediate treatment and is categorized in a non­urgent level. Test­Taking Tip: Chart/exhibit items present a situation and ask a question. A variety of objective and subjective information is presented about the client in formats such as the medical record (e.g., laboratory test results, results of diagnostic procedures, progress notes, healthcare provider orders, medication administration record, health history), physical assessment data, and assistant/client interactions. After analyzing the information presented, the test taker answers the question. These questions usually reflect the analyzing level of cognitive thinking. In a clinical exam, you may be expected to select instruments, arrange instruments, and/or perform some other task. Acquaint yourself with the physical facility. If the required procedures are not clear to you, ask for clarification. 92%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 3 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 9. Which factor is known to threaten the nurse’s ability to triage and prioritize client care accurately? 1 A caring ethic Correct2 A biased approach to care 3 The shift that is being worked 4 The specific number of years of job experience A biased approach threatens the nurse’s ability to triage clients accurately. A caring ethic is known to contribute to effective triage and prioritization of care. The shift that is being worked and the specific number of years of job experience are not directly related to the nurse’s ability to prioritize care accurately. 82%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 2 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 12. The nurse is providing care to several clients in the emergency department (ED). Which client is the priority when using the three-tiered triage system? 1 A client with a simple fracture 2 A client experiencing renal colic 3 A client with severe abdominal pain Correct4 A client with chest pain and diaphoresis The client with chest pain and diaphoresis is classified as emergent and would require priority care. The client with renal colic and severe abdominal pain are classified as urgent. The client with a simple fracture is nonurgent. 89%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 4 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 13. The registered nurse is teaching the student nurse about care provided for clients according to the five level triage system of the Emergency Severity Index (ESI). Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning? Select all that apply. 1 "Clients in the ESI-2 category do not have life-threatening injuries." Correct2 "Clients who are in the ESI-4 category present with stable vital signs." 3 "The ESI-1 clients should be seen by the physician within 10 minutes." Correct4 "Clients with severe respiratory distress fall within the ESI-1 category." 5 "A high intensity of resources is required to care for the clients in ESI-4." Vital signs of the clients triaged in ESI­4 are stable because they do not have any life­threatening complications. Clients in the ESI­2 categories have likely but not always obvious life­threatening injuries. Respiratory obstruction and severe respiratory distress are life­threatening conditions that require immediate action; therefore, these clients are assigned to ESI­1. Clients in ESI­1 have life­threatening injuries. The clients in ESI­1 should be given care immediately by the physician. Low resource intensity is sufficient to care for the clients in ES1­4. 28%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 0 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 15. o Chart/Exhibit 1 The nurse is caring for clients with disaster triage tags after a natural disaster. Which client should be treated immediately according to disaster triage tag system? Correct1 Client A 2 Client B 3 Client C 4 Client D According to disaster triage tag system, the red tag is used to label the clients who require immediate treatment; therefore, client A should be seen immediately. The yellow tag is applied to clients who can wait for a short time for the treatment. A black tag is issued to the clients who are dead or expected to die. Green tags are issued to clients who can ambulate on their own. Test­Taking Tip: Do not worry if you select the same numbered answer repeatedly because there usually is no pattern to the answers. 94%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 7 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 16. o Chart/Exhibit 1 The nurse is caring for the victims of a hurricane. Which client should be triaged first? Correct1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D Client A with severe respiratory distress is triaged under emergency severity index 1 (ESI­1) and should be seen immediately because his or her condition is most severe. Client B with chest pain resulting from trauma is triaged under ESI­2 and is seen within 1 hour. Client C with a hip fracture could be delayed treatment because the condition is less severe and is prioritized as ESI­3. Client D with cystitis is triaged as ESI­4, and the client could receive delayed treatment. 92%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 4 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 18. After a train derailment disaster, five clients are admitted to the emergency department. Which order should the nurse triage based on the clients’ conditions, from the most to the least urgent? Correct 1. Client with overdose and bradypnea Correct 2. Client with multiple trauma Correct 3. Client with gynecologic disorder Correct 4. Client with simple laceration Correct 5. Client with minor burns A client who has overdosed and has bradypnea is categorized under emergency severity index 1 (ESI­1), which indicates that the life or organ threat to the client is clear and the client needs to be seen immediately. The client with multiple trauma is triaged as ESI­2, which indicates that the client’s condition is likely to be life threatening; he or she should receive treatment within 10 minutes. The client with a gynecologic disorder who is triaged under ESI­3, which indicates that the life threat to the client is unlikely, can be seen after 1 hour. A client with simple lacerations is categorized as ESI level 4, showing no threat to life and the assessment could be delayed. A client with minor burns categorized under ESI level 5 with no threat to life could have treatment delayed. Test­Taking Tip: In this Question Type, you are asked to prioritize (put in order) the options presented. For example, you might be asked the steps of performing an action or skill such as those involved in medication administration. 1 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 19. Which client should be treated first, according to the disaster triage tagging system? Correct1 Client with red tag 2 Client with black tag 3 Client with green tag 4 Client with yellow tag The red tag is applied to clients who require immediate treatment according to the disaster triage tag system, so client A requires immediate treatment. A black tag is applied to clients who are dead or expected to die and are not prioritized for immediate critical care. The green tags are applied to clients who can ambulate on their own, and there is no need of attending these clients first. The yellow tag is applied to clients who can wait a short duration for treatment and who can be treated after treating clients with red tags. 94%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 8 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 20. Which client would the nurse treat first according to a three-tiered triage system? Correct1 Client with respiratory distress 2 Client with multiple soft tissue injuries 3 Client with new onset of respiratory tract infection 4 Client with skin rash and a simple lower limb fracture According to a three­tiered triage system, respiratory distress is categorized as an emergent or lifethreatening condition. Clients with respiratory distress should be treated first. Multiple soft tissue injuries are categorized as urgent but not life­threatening according to a three­tiered triage system. Clients with multiple soft injuries and new onset of respiratory tract infection can be treated after treating the client with respiratory depression. A skin rash and simple leg fracture are considered nonurgent conditions, and the client can wait for hours to receive treatment. 93%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 5 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 21. o Chart/Exhibit 1 The nurse is caring for four clients in an emergency department. Which client is treated first according to a three-tiered triage system? Correct1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D A three­tiered triage system categorizes clients into emergent, urgent, and nonurgent categories based on the severity of their conditions. Client A, with an active hemorrhage, has an emergent or lifethreatening condition requiring immediate treatment. Clients B and C, with renal colic and severe abdominal pain, have urgent conditions and need quick treatment, but their conditions are not immediately life­threatening. Strains and sprains are considered nonurgent conditions, and client D can wait several hours to receive treatment. 92%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 7 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 22. The triage nurse is caring for four different clients according to the five-level triage system. Arrange the clients according to priority of receiving care. Correct 1. Client with severe respiratory distress Correct 2. Client with gynecologic disorder Correct 3. Client with closed extremity trauma Correct 4. Client with minor burns Clients with life­threatening complications such as severe respiratory distress are triaged as emergency severity index (ESI) 1, which requires immediate care. Clients with gynecologic disorders are triaged as ESI­3, which requires treatment within an hour. Care for clients with closed extremity trauma can be delayed because it is not a life­threatening complication. Clients with minor burns can be provided with care later because it is not a life­threatening complication. 14%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 4 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 25. A 60-year-old client is admitted with a head injury following a disaster. Which triage level should the nurse assign to the client? Correct1 Urgent 2 Emergent 3 Expectant 4 Nonurgent Clients with major injuries such as head or cervical injuries should be assigned urgent triage. Emergent should be assigned to clients with immediate life­threatening conditions such as airway obstruction. Expectant is assigned to clients who are dead or are expected to die. Nonurgent should be assigned to clients with minor injuries such as closed fractures or abrasions. 46%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 1 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 26. The registered nurse is appointed as a triage officer of the disaster management team. What would be the responsibility of the nurse as a triage officer? 1 To decide the resources needed for the clients Correct2 To determine the priority of treatment for clients 3 To act as leader in implementing the emergency plan 4 To serve as a liaison between the hospital and the media The role of the triage officer in disaster management is to evaluate each client and to determine the priority of treatment based on the severity of the client’s condition. Deciding the resource needs of clients is the responsibility of the medical command physician. The role of the hospital incident commander is to act as a leader in overall implementation of the emergency plan. Serving as a liaison between the healthcare facility and the media is the responsibility of public information officer. 80%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 8 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 27. The registered nurse is teaching a student nurse about the disaster triage tag system. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates ineffective learning? Correct1 "I will use a yellow tag for clients with shock." 2 "I will use a green tag for clients with closed fractures." 3 "I will use a red tag for clients with airway obstruction." 4 "I will use a black tag for clients with massive head trauma." According to the disaster triage tag system, a yellow tag is used for clients who require treatment within 30 minutes to 2 hours. Clients with shock require immediate attention and a red tag is appropriate. A green tag is used in clients with minor injuries, such as fractures and abrasions, who can be managed with delayed treatment. A red tag is used for the clients who have immediate threats to life, such as an airway obstruction. A black tag is used for clients who are expected to die or require mechanical ventilation in conditions such as massive head trauma and high cervical spinal cord injury. Test­Taking Tip: Disaster triage, tags are assigned to clients based on the severity of their injuries. Recall the different tags used in triage in disaster management. 65%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 1 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 30. The nurse is caring for clients who were brought to the hospital following a largescale disaster. Which client would be suitable for the nurse to triage with a "green" tag? Correct1 Client who is injured but is able to ambulate 2 Client who is severely injured and has no chances for survival 3 Client requiring immediate treatment and has chance of survival 4 Client who is stable at present and whose vital signs are under observation The nurse will triage the clients according to priority for providing care. The client who is injured and is able to walk may not require immediate treatment and would be issued a green tag. The client who is severely injured and who has no chances of survival is tagged black. The client who is stable and requires re­triage after observation is tagged with a yellow tag, indicating that the client is not in immediate danger. A red tag issued to the client indicates that the client requires immediate care. 78%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 9 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 31. Which colored tag has the nurse correctly identified while classifying triage care in mass casualty conditions? 1 Urgent­red tag 2 Expectant­white tag Correct3 Nonurgent­green tag 4 Emergent­yellow tag When any triage is required in mass casualty conditions, the healthcare team would classify the clients according to the situation. Nonurgent clients are class III who have minor injuries that do not require immediate treatment and are tagged with a green color. Urgent or class II clients are those who have major injuries that require treatment and are tagged with a yellow color. Expectant or class IV are tagged with a black color. These clients will not receive immediate attention as they are either dead or are expected to die. Emergent or class I clients are those who will receive immediate care due to their life threatening condition and are tagged with a red color. 58%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 9 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 33. According to the disaster triage tag system, which color tag would the nurse feel is most suitable for a client who died in an earthquake? 1 Red Correct2 Black 3 Green 4 Yellow Clients who are dead or are expected to die are issued a black tag according to the disaster triage tag system. A red tag is issued to the clients who have an immediate threat to life. A green tag is issued to the nonurgent or "walking wounded" clients. A yellow tag is issued to clients who can wait a short time to receive care 1 Five victims of a shooting are identified as needing urgent care. What should the triage officer do first when these victims arrive in the emergency department? Correct1 Triage the victims 2 Send the victims to the operating room 3 Type and cross match for blood transfusions 4 Notify next of kin that the victims are in the emergency room The triage officer rapidly evaluates each person who presents to the hospital, even those who come in with triage tags in place. Client acuity is re­evaluated for appropriate disposition to the area within the ED or hospital best suited to meet the client’s medical needs. The clients will need to be triaged before being sent to the operating room. The triage officer would not be responsible for conducting laboratory testing or notifying the next of kin of the victims. 79%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 0 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 37. The emergency room nurse is training to be a member of a direct response team to respond to community emergencies. Which new triage level would this nurse be required to learn? 1 Urgent 2 Emergent Correct3 Expectant 4 Nonurgent The expectant classification is not a classification level in emergency room triage. The levels urgent, emergent, and nonurgent are all classification levels within an emergency room triage system. 23%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 2 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 40. What criteria should a nurse manager use to determine the feasibility of altering an emergency department triage process? Select all that apply. 1 Research findings 2 Remote capability Correct3 Need for resources Correct4 Readiness of others Correct5 Evaluation of risk factors Criteria to determine feasibility include the three Rs: need for resources, the readiness of others involved, and evaluation of risk factors. Research findings and remote capability are not criteria to determine feasibility. 17%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 5 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 41. The nurse is helping a triage officer evaluate the victims of a large scale disaster. Which client does the nurse anticipate will be given a black tag? 1 A client with a contusion 2 A client with airway obstruction 3 A client with open fractures and a distal pulse Correct4 A client with extensive full­thickness body burns A black­tagged client in a mass casualty triage situation is a critically ill client who is expected and allowed to die or is not treated until others have received care. This is done so that limited resources can be dedicated to saving the most lives, and not expended to save one life at the possible expense of many others. The client with extensive full­thickness body burns falls in this category. A client with a contusion would be green­tagged because a contusion is a minor injury that can be managed in a delayed fashion. A client with airway obstruction would be red­tagged. This client has an immediate threat to life and requires immediate attention. A client with open fractures with a distal pulse would be yellow­tagged. This is major injury that requires treatment within 30 minutes to two hours. 79%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 9 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 42. The triage nurse assigns a red tag to a client who has been brought in following a massive earthquake in the region. Which statement best describes the client’s condition? 1 The client is expected and allowed to die. Correct2 The client has an immediate threat to life. 3 The client has major injuries that require treatment. 4 The client has minor injuries that do not require immediate treatment. A red tag indicates that the client has an immediate threat to life. A black tag indicates that the client is expected and allowed to die. The yellow tag indicates that the client has major injuries that require treatment. The green tag indicates that the client has minor injuries that do not require immediate treatment. 86%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 3 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 45. The victims of a major chemical incident are being treated in the emergency department. Which is the most likely concern that the nurse will have regarding clients who have been triaged with a green tag? 1 They are not expected to survive. 2 Their injuries require immediate treatment. Correct3 They may have unknowingly carried contaminants into the hospital environment. 4 Their numbers help the hospital determine how many actual casualties will arrive. Green­tagged clients are often referred to as the "walking wounded" because they may actually evacuate themselves from the mass casualty scene and go to the hospital in a private vehicle. Green­tagged clients who self­transport may unknowingly carry contaminants from a nuclear, biologic, or chemical incident into the hospital environment with potentially disastrous consequences. Black­tagged clients are expected to die. In large­scale emergency triage, these clients are allowed to die or not be treated until others receive care. Red­tagged clients have immediate threats to life and require immediate attention; green­tagged clients have minor injuries that can be managed in a delayed fashion, generally more than two hours. Because the green­tagged clients often come to the hospital on their own, the hospital may not be able to determine how many actual casualties will arrive based on their numbers. Test­Taking Tip: Identifying content and what is being asked about that content is critical to your choosing the correct response. Be alert for words in the stem of the item that are the same or similar in nature to those in one or two of the options. 75%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 1 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 46. A triage nurse assigns a green tag to a client during triage after a mass casualty event. Which statement is true about the client’s injuries? 1 The client is expected and allowed to die. 2 The client has an immediate threat to life. 3 The client has major injuries that require treatment. Correct4 The client has minor injuries that do not require immediate treatment. The green tag is assigned to the client who has minor injuries that do not require immediate treatment. The client who is expected and allowed to die will be given a black tag. The client who has an immediate threat to life will be given a red tag. The client who has major injuries that require treatment is given a yellow tag. 92%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 8 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 48. Which medical relief team would the nurse explain provides relief services ranging from primary healthcare and triage to evacuation and staffing to assist healthcare facilities in a massive disaster? 1 Medical Reserve Corps (MRC) Correct2 Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT) 3 Hospital Incident Command System (HICS) 4 International Medical Surgical Response Teams (IMSuRTs) The DMAT is a team of civilian, medical, and paraprofessionals who are deployed to a disaster area. They provide relief services ranging from primary healthcare and triage to evacuation and staffing to assist healthcare facilities in a massive disaster. The MRC is a group of volunteer medical and public healthcare professionals. The MRC helps healthcare settings that face personnel shortages in a mass casualty event. The HICS is a facility­level organizational model to homogenize disaster operations. The IMSuRTs provide fully functional field surgical facilities in a mass casualty event whenever needed. 56%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 5 Confidence: Pretty sure Stats Issue with this question? 49. o Chart/Exhibit 1 The nurse is tagging different groups according to the disaster triage tag system. Which client tag is accurate? 1 Group 1 Correct2 Group 2 3 Group 3 4 Group 4 Group 2, clients that are class II, can wait for a short time for care and are marked with a yellow tag. The class I group clients are identified with a red tag. Class III clients are given a green tag. The class IV group are expected to die or are dead are issued a black tag. 71%of students nationwide answered this question correctly. View Topics 1 6 Confidence: Just a guess Stats Issue with this question? 50. After a large-scale natural disaster, the emergency medical service (EMS) team reached the location to provide triage services. Which group of clients will the EMS team consider should have the highest priority in receiving care? 1 Group 1 2 Group 2 3 Group