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A-level
PHYSICS
Paper 1
Time allowed: 2 hours
Materials For Examiner’s Use
For this paper you must have:
• a pencil and a ruler Question Mark
• a scientific calculator 1
• a Data and Formulae Booklet 2
• a protractor.
3
Instructions 4
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen. 5
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
6
• Answer all questions.
• You must answer the questions in the spaces provided. Do not write 7–31
outside the box around each page or on blank pages. TOTAL
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.
• Show all your working.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 85.
• You are expected to use a scientific calculator where appropriate.
• A Data and Formulae Booklet is provided as a loose insert.
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Section A box
Answer all questions in this section.
0 1 Cosmic rays are high-energy particles that come from space. Most of these particles
are protons. There are other particles in cosmic rays, including atomic nuclei.
Table 1 gives the data for one particular nucleus X.
Table 1
Mass / kg 8.02 × 10−26
Specific charge / C kg−1 4.39 × 107
Kinetic energy / MeV 215
0 1 . 1 Determine the number of neutrons in nucleus X.
[3 marks]
number of neutrons =
0 1 . 2 Calculate the speed of X.
Ignore relativistic effects.
[3 marks]
speed = m s−1
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A pion (π+) and a kaon (K+) are produced when cosmic rays interact with the upper box
atmosphere.
0 1 . 3 The π+ decays to produce a positron and an electron neutrino.
Show how the conservation laws apply to this decay.
[2 marks]
0 1 . 4 The K+ decays to produce an anti-muon and a muon neutrino.
Explain how strangeness applies in this decay.
[2 marks]
0 1 . 5 Write an equation for a K+ decay that involves only hadrons.
[2 marks]
12
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0 2 Figure 1 shows apparatus used to investigate the properties of microwaves. box
The microwaves from the transmitter T are vertically polarised and have a wavelength
of about 3 cm.
The microwaves are detected at the receiver by a vertical metal rod R.
Figure 1
0 2 . 1 Explain how the apparatus can be used to demonstrate that the waves from T are
vertically polarised.
[3 marks]
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