Microbiology: An Introduction 12th Edition by Tortora et al. [All Chapters Complete, With correct solutions]

Microbiology: An Introduction 12th Edition by Tortora et al. [All Chapters Complete, With correct solutions] Chapter 1 The Microbial World and You Objective Questions 1) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Ehrlich  chemotherapy B) Koch  aseptic surgery C) Pasteur  proof of biogenesis D) Jenner  vaccination Answer: B Skill: Recall 2) Which of the following is a scientific name? A) IGAS B) Flesh-eating bacteria C) Group A streptococcus D) Streptococcus pyogenes E) Streptococci Answer: D Skill: Analysis 3) Which of the following is not a domain in the three-domain system? A) Animalia B) Archaea C) Bacteria D) Eukarya Answer: A Skill: Recall 4) Which of the following is true about fungi? A) All are prokaryotic. B) All are multicellular. C) All require organic material for growth. D) All grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide. E) All are plants. Answer: C Skill: Recall 1 2 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 5) Which of the following is not true about protozoa? A) They have rigid cell walls. B) They are classified by their method of locomotion. C) All are unicellular. D) All have complex cells. E) All are eukaryotic. Answer: A Skill: Recall 6) Which of the following is true about viruses? A) They are not composed of cells. B) They cannot metabolize nutrients. C) They cannot reproduce themselves. D) They have DNA or RNA. E) All of the above. Answer: E Skill: Recall 7) Which of the following is probably true about all the experiments that proved spontaneous generation? A) Air was lacking. B) Too much heat was applied. C) The food source could not support life. D) Microorganisms were already present. E) All of the above. Answer: D Skill: Analysis 8) Regarding Pasteurʹs experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is true? A) There was air involved. B) There was a food source involved. C) Any possibility of contamination was removed. D) All microorganisms were killed before beginning. E) All of the above. Answer: E Skill: Understanding CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World and You 3 9) Which of the following is true about insect control by microorganisms? A) The insects develop resistance to the microorganisms. B) The microorganisms are permanent in the environment. C) The microorganisms are specific for the insect pest. D) The microorganisms may cause disease in other animals. E) This technique is just as dangerous as the use of chemical pesticides. Answer: C Skill: Analysis 10) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Hooke  cell theory B) van Leeuwenhoek  germ theory C) Lister  aseptic surgery D) Pasteur  fermentation E) None of the above Answer: B Skill: Recall 11) Who disproved the theory of spontaneous generation? A) van Leeuwenhoek B) Hooke C) Pasteur D) Koch E) None of the above Answer: C Skill: Recall 12) Who observed cells in plant material? A) van Leeuwenhoek B) Hooke C) Pasteur D) Koch E) None of the above Answer: B Skill: Recall 4 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 13) Who was the first to observe microorganisms with a microscope? A) van Leeuwenhoek B) Hooke C) Pasteur D) Koch E) None of the above Answer: A Skill: Recall 14) Who proved that microorganisms cause disease? A) van Leeuwenhoek B) Hooke C) Pasteur D) Koch E) None of the above Answer: D Skill: Recall 15) Which of the following is a scientific name? A) Mycobacterium leprae B) Hansenʹs bacillus C) Leprosy bacterium D) Acid-fast bacteria Answer: A Skill: Recall 16) Classification of organisms in the three domains is based on A) Cell wall. B) Number of cells. C) Cell type. D) Nutritional type. E) Nucleus. Answer: C Skill: Recall CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World and You 5 17) Which of the following statements is untrue? A) All bacteria lack nuclear membranes. B) All fungi are multicellular. C) All protozoa are unicellular. D) All viruses are parasites. E) All fungi have nuclear membranes. Answer: B Skill: Analysis 18) Which of the following statements is true? A) Viruses cannot reproduce outside of a host cell. B) Bacteria cannot move. C) Fungi are plants. D) Protozoa have rigid cell walls. E) Algae are parasites. Answer: A Skill: Recall 19) Which of the following findings was essential for Jennerʹs vaccination process? A) A weakened microorganism may produce immunity. B) A weakened microorganism will not cause disease. C) Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again. D) Disease is caused by viruses. E) Vaccination provides immunity. Answer: A Skill: Analysis 20) Which of the following requirements was necessary for Pasteur to disprove spontaneous generation? A) Providing a food source that would support growth B) Supplying air C) Keeping microorganisms out D) Removing microorganisms that were initially present E) All of the above Answer: E Skill: Analysis 6 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 21) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Immunologist  studies ecology of Legionella pneumophila B) Virologist  studies human immunodeficiency virus C) Microbial ecologist  studies bacteria that degrade oil D) Microbial physiologist  studies fermentation of sourdough bread E) Molecular biologist  studies recombinant DNA Answer: A Skill: Analysis 22) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Chemotherapy  treatment of disease B) Pathogen  disease causing C) Vaccine  a preparation of microorganisms D) Penicillin  antibiotic E) Normal microbiota  harmful Answer: E Skill: Recall 23) Which of the following is not part of the study of microbiology? A) Bacteria B) Fungi C) Viruses D) Insects E) Helminths Answer: D Skill: Recall 24) Which one of the following does not belong with the others? A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) Eukarya D) Fungi Answer: D Skill: Understanding CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World and You 7 25) Which of the following is not an example of biotechnology? A) Bacterial production of French bread B) Bacterial degradation of a dead animal C) Bacterial production of yogurt D) Bacterial production of vinegar E) None of the above Answer: E Skill: Analysis 26) Recombinant DNA technology can be used to make all of the following except A) Vaccines. B) Human hormones. C) Drugs. D) Life. E) None of the above. Answer: D Skill: Understanding 27) The best definition of biotechnology is A) The development of recombinant DNA technology. B) The use of living organisms to make desired products. C) Curing diseases. D) The use of microorganisms in sewage treatment. E) All of the above. Answer: B Skill: Analysis 28) You are observing a cell through a microscope and note that it has no apparent nucleus. You conclude that it most likely A) Has a peptidoglycan cell wall. B) Has a cellulose cell wall. C) Moves by pseudopods. D) Is part of a multicellular animal. E) None of the above. Answer: A Skill: Analysis 8 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 29) A nucleated, green cell that moves by means of flagella is a(n) . A) Alga B) Bacterium C) Fungus D) Helminth E) Virus Answer: A Skill: Recall 30) An agent that reproduces in cells but is not composed of cells and contains RNA as its genetic material is a(n) . A) Alga B) Bacterium C) Fungus D) Helminth E) Virus Answer: E Skill: Recall 31) A multicellular organism that has chitin cell walls and absorbs organic material is a(n) . A) Alga B) Bacterium C) Fungus D) Helminth E) Virus Answer: C Skill: Recall 32) A multicellular organism that has a mouth and lives in an animal host is a(n) . A) Alga B) Bacterium C) Fungus D) Helminth E) Virus Answer: D Skill: Recall CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World and You 9 33) In the name Escherichia coli, coli is the A) Domain. B) Kingdom. C) Genus. D) Specific epithet. E) None of the above Answer: D Skill: Analysis 34) Which of the following pairs is mismatched? A) Lancefield  immunology B) Weizmann  virology C) Jenner  immunology D) Jacob and Monod  microbial genetics E) Winogradsky  microbial ecology Answer: B Skill: Recall 35) Which of the following does not belong with the others? A) Recycling elements B) Human diseases C) Sewage treatment D) Bioremediation E) Insect control Answer: B Skill: Analysis 36) You are looking at a white cottony growth on a culture medium. Microscopic examination reveals it is multicellular. You can conclude all of the following about this organism except that it A) Has cell walls. B) Has DNA enclosed in a nucleus. C) Is eukaryotic. D) Is a bacterium. E) Absorbs organic nutrients. Answer: D Skill: Analysis 10 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 37) All members of the following groups contain DNA except A) Bacteria. B) Fungi. C) Helminths. D) Protozoa. E) Viruses. Answer: E Skill: Recall 38) Which one of the following does not belong with the others? A) Cellulose B) Chitin C) Nucleus D) Peptidoglycan Answer: C Skill: Understanding 39) All of the following have cell walls except A) Animalia. B) Bacteria. C) Fungi. D) Plantae. E) None of the above. Answer: A Skill: Recall 40) Which of the following does not belong with the others? A) Animalia B) Fungi C) Helminth D) Plantae E) Protista Answer: E Skill: Understanding CHAPTER 1 The Microbial World and You 11 41) Fungi differ from bacteria because fungi A) Have cell walls. B) Have DNA. C) Have a nucleus. D) Spoil food. E) None of the above. Answer: C Skill: Analysis 42) Archaea differ from bacteria because archaea A) Lack peptidoglycan. B) Lack nuclei. C) Use organic compounds for food. D) Reproduce by binary fission. E) None of the above. Answer: A Skill: Analysis 43) Bacteria differ from viruses because bacteria A) Have DNA and RNA. B) Have cells. C) Can live without a host. D) All of the above. Answer: D Skill: Analysis 44) Which of the following lack a nucleus? A) Animalia B) Bacteria C) Fungi D) Protozoa E) None of the above Answer: B Skill: Recall 12 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 45) Sourdough bread differs from conventional bread during leavening because A) Yeasts produce carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol. B) Yeasts produce acid. C) Lactobacillus produce acids. D) Acids are added to it during rising. E) Of the temperature and humidity. Answer: C Skill: Recall Essay Questions 1) In 1835 Bassi showed that a silkworm disease was caused by a fungus, and in 1865 Pasteur found another silkworm disease was caused by a protozoan. Why do we use Kochʹs postulates instead of ʺBassiʹsʺ or ʺPasteurʹsʺ postulates? 2) List two examples of biotechnology that involve recombinant DNA technology and two examples that do not. 3) Paul Berg received the Nobel Prize for developing the procedure for incorporating fragments of animal DNA into bacteria. List some reasons why his work was a major contribution to science. Chapter 2 Chemical Principles Objective Questions 1) Which of the following statements is not true about the atom A) It has 6 protons in its nucleus. B) It has 12 neutrons in its nucleus. C) It has 6 electrons orbiting the nucleus. D) Its atomic number is 6. E) Its atomic weight is 12. Answer: B Skill: Understanding 12 C? 6 Table 2.1 16 O 8 12 C 6 1 H 1 2) Calculate the molecular weight of ethyl alcohol, C 2H5OH, using the information in Table 2.1. A) 96 B) 46 C) 34 D) 33 E) Canʹt tell Answer: B Skill: Analysis 3) Which of the following is not true about enzymes? A) Enzymes are made of proteins. B) Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction. C) Enzymes increase the number of collisions in a chemical reaction. D) Enzymes are not used up in a reaction. E) None of the above. Answer: C Skill: Recall 13 14 Test Bank for Microbiology: An Introduction 4) Which of the following is not true? A) Salts readily dissolve in water. B) Water molecules are formed by hydrolysis. C) Water freezes from the top down. D) Water is a part of a dehydration reaction. E) Water is a polar molecule. Answer: B Skill: Recall 5) Which of the following is the type of bond holding K+ and I- ions in KI? A) Ionic bond B) Covalent bond C) Hydrogen bond Answer: A Skill: Analysis 6) Which of the following is the type of bond between molecules of water in a beaker of water? A) Ionic bond B) Covalent bond C) Hydrogen bond Answer: C Skill: Analysis 7) What are the type of bonds holding hydrogen and oxygen atoms in the molecule of H 2O? A) Ionic bond B) Covalent bond C) Hydrogen bond Answer: B Skill: Analysis CHAPTER 2 Chemical Principles 15 8) Identify the following reaction: Glucose + fructose → sucrose + water A) Dehydration synthesis reaction B) Hydrolysis reaction C) Exchange reaction D) Reversible reaction E) Ionic reaction Answer: A Skill: Analysis 9) Identify the following reaction: Lactose + H2O → glucose + galactose A) Dehydration synthesis reaction B) Hydrolysis reaction C) Exchange reaction D) Reversible reaction E) Ionic reaction Answer: B Skill: Analysis 10) Identify the following reaction: HCl + NaHCO3 → NaCl + H2CO3 A) Dehydration synthesis reaction B) Hydrolysis reaction C) Exchange reaction D) Reversible reaction E) Ionic reaction