Acids and Bases Summary

ACIDS ( H20 + At →
)
A }o+ H20 not included
in Kalkb expressions !
→
Proton donors
→
Ionize to form Ht ions

H20 always in equation !
→




*
Ionization = .
covalent bonds

produce new ions
-




strong acids
0 ionize completely →
every acid molecule will donate it is proton ! ( reason for high Ka value [ P] > &] )
acid molecules left at equilibrium
=
no
'
- :
High concern . H30 ions (hydronium)
low pH
-




-



good electrical conductors
-




large Ka value .




* Produce weak
conjugate base →
won't accept protons to form original acid .




=
reaction n reversible


weak acids
•
ionize partially :[ PK [ R]
:
low content . H30
t




Higher pH than SA
-




weak electrical conductors
-




-
small Ka value .




☒ Produce strong conjugate base =
remains of acid after →
will accept protons to form original acid
: reaction is reversible . a Ht is donated

, BASES H20 ④ not included
in Kalkb expressions !
→
Proton acceptors
( Hydroxide )
-
→
Dissociate to form OH
water never shown !
equation
→
in



☒
Dissociation = .
ionic bonds

existing ions
•



.




Strong bases
→
Dissociate completely =
every base will accept a proton ( [ P] > ④ large Kb )
-

→
high content .
OH
→
weak conjugate acid = will not donate protons to form original base .




: Not reversible

High pH
→


→
Good electrical conductors
→
Large Kb value


weak bases
Dissociate
partially
→
.




-

→
Low content .
OH

strong conjugate acid
→ =
readily donate protons to form original base .




: Reversible

pH
→
ower than SB
→
Weak electrical conductors
→
small Kb value .